Chis"el(?), n.[OF. chisel, F. ciseau, fr. LL. cisellus, prob. for caesellus, fr. L. caesus, p. p. of caedere to cut. Cf. Scissors.]A tool with a cutting edge on one end of a metal blade, used in dressing, shaping, or working in timber, stone, metal, etc.; -- usually driven by a mallet or hammer. 1913 Webster]
Cold chisel. See under Cold, a. 1913 Webster]
Chis"el, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chiseled(?), or Chiselled (p. pr. & vb. n. Chiseling, or Chiselling.][Cf. F. ciseler.]1.To cut, pare, gouge, or engrave with a chisel; as, to chisel a block of marble into a statue. 1913 Webster]
2.To cut close, as in a bargain; to cheat. [Slang] 1913 Webster]
chiseler, chisellern.1.a person who swindles you by means of deception or fraud. Syn. -- swindler, chiseler, gouger, sharper, sharpie, sharpy. WordNet 1.5]
Chishonan.one of the two major languages of Zimbabwe. WordNet 1.5]
Chisinauprop. n.(Geography)The capital city of Moldova. Population (2000) = 676,700. PJC]
Chis"lev(k, n.[Heb.]The third month of the Jewish civil year; the ninth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, occupying a part of November and a part of December; -- same as Kislev. Syn. -- Kislev. WordNet 1.5]
Chis"ley(ch, a.[AS. ceosel gravel or sand. Cf. Chessom.]Having a large admixture of small pebbles or gravel; -- said of a soil.Gardner. 1913 Webster]
Chit(ch, n.[Cf. AS. c\'c6 shoot, sprig, from the same root as c\'c6nan to yawn. See Chink a cleft.]1.The embryo or the growing bud of a plant; a shoot; a sprout; as, the chits of Indian corn or of potatoes. 1913 Webster]
2.A child or babe; as, a forward chit; also, a young, small, or insignificant person or animal. 1913 Webster]
A little chit of a woman.Thackeray. 1913 Webster]
3.An excrescence on the body, as a wart. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
4.A small tool used in cleaving laths.Knight. 1913 Webster]
{ Chit, Chit"ty(?) }, n.[Hind. chi.]1.A short letter or note; a written message or memorandum; a certificate given to a servant; a pass, or the like. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.A signed voucher or memorandum of a small debt, as for food and drinks at a club. [India, China, etc.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Chit, v. i.To shoot out; to sprout. 1913 Webster]
I have known barley chit in seven hours after it had been thrown forth.Mortimer. 1913 Webster]
Chit, 3d pers. sing. of Chide. Chideth. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Chit"chat(?), n.[From Chat, by way of reduplication.]Familiar or trifling talk; prattle. 1913 Webster]
Chi"tin(?), n.[See Chiton.](Chem.)A white amorphous horny substance forming the harder part of the outer integument of insects, crustacea, and various other invertebrates; entomolin. 1913 Webster]
Chi`ti*ni*za"tion(?), n.The process of becoming chitinous. 1913 Webster]
Chi"ti*nous(?), a.Having the nature of chitin; consisting of, or containing, chitin. 1913 Webster]
chitlings, chitlinsn.1.small intestines of hogs prepared as food. Syn. -- chitterlings. WordNet 1.5]
\'d8Chi"ton(?), n.[Gr. 1.An under garment among the ancient Greeks, nearly representing the modern shirt. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)One of a group of gastropod mollusks, with a shell composed of eight movable dorsal plates. See Polyplacophora. 1913 Webster]
chittamwoodn.1.a shrubby tree of the U. S. Pacific coast (Rhamnus purshianus or Rhamnus purshiana), whose bark is the cascara sagrada, used as a mild cathartic or laxative. Syn. -- cascara, cascara buckthorn, bearberry, bearwood, chittimwood, Rhamnus purshianus. WordNet 1.5]
2.a deciduous tree of SE U.S. and Mexico. Syn. -- false buckthorn, chittimwood, shittimwood, black haw, Bumelia lanuginosa. WordNet 1.5]
3.a shrubby tree of southern U.S. (Cotinus obovatus) having large plumes of feathery flowers resembling puffs of smoke; -- called also American smoke tree. Syn. -- American smokewood, Cotinus americanus, Cotinus obovatus. WordNet 1.5]
Chit"ter(?), v. i.[Cf. Chatter.]1.To chirp in a tremulous manner, as a bird. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.To shiver or chatter with cold. [Scot.] Burns. 1913 Webster]
Chit"ter*ling(?), n.The frill to the breast of a shirt, which when ironed out resembled the small entrails. See Chitterlings. [Obs.] Gascoigne. 1913 Webster]
Chit"ter*lings(?), n. pl.[Cf. AS. cwi\'ed womb, Icel. kvi\'eb, Goth. qi\'edus, belly, womb, stomach, G. kutteln chitterlings.](Cookery)The smaller intestines of swine, etc., fried for food. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chit"tra(?), n.[Native Indian name.](Zo\'94l.)The axis deer of India. 1913 Webster]
Chit"ty(?), a.1.Full of chits or sprouts. 1913 Webster]
2.Childish; like a babe. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Chiv"a*chie`(?), n.[OF. chevauchie, chevauch\'82e; of the same origin as E. cavalcade.]A cavalry raid; hence, a military expedition. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Chiv"al*ric(?), a.[See Chivalry.]Relating to chivalry; knightly; chivalrous. 1913 Webster]
Chiv"al*rous(?), a.[OF. chevalerus, chevalereus, fr. chevalier. See Chivalry.]Pertaining to chivalry or knight-errantry; warlike; heroic; gallant; high-spirited; high-minded; magnanimous. 1913 Webster]
In brave pursuit of chivalrous emprise.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Chiv"al*rous*ly, adv.In a chivalrous manner; gallantly; magnanimously. 1913 Webster]
Chiv"al*ry(?), n.[F. chevalerie, fr. chevalier knight, OF., horseman. See Chevalier, and cf. Cavalry.]1.A body or order of cavaliers or knights serving on horseback; illustrious warriors, collectively; cavalry. \'bdHis Memphian chivalry.\'b8 Milton. 1913 Webster]
By his light chivalry of England move, Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.The dignity or system of knighthood; the spirit, usages, or manners of knighthood; the practice of knight-errantry.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
3.The qualifications or character of knights, as valor, dexterity in arms, courtesy, etc. 1913 Webster]
The glory of our Troy this day doth lie chivalry.Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.(Eng. Law)A tenure of lands by knight's service; that is, by the condition of a knight's performing service on horseback, or of performing some noble or military service to his lord. 1913 Webster]
5.Exploit. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney. 1913 Webster]
Court of chivalry, a court formerly held before the lord high constable and earl marshal of England as judges, having cognizance of contracts and other matters relating to deeds of arms and war.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
chivareen.a noisy mock serenade (made by banging pans and kettles) to a newly married couple. Syn. -- shivaree, charivari, callithump, callathump. WordNet 1.5]
Chive(?), n.(Bot.)A filament of a stamen. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
chive, chives(?), n.[F. cive, fr. L. cepa, caepa, onion. Cf. Cives, Cibol.](Bot.)A perennial plant (Allium Schoenoprasum), allied to the onion, having hollow cylindrical leaves used for seasoning. The young leaves are used in omelets, etc.[Written also cive.] Syn. -- chive, cive, schnittlaugh, Allium schoenoprasum. 1913 Webster]
2.the bulbous herb Allium Schoenoprasum used fresh as a mild onion-flavored seasoning. WordNet 1.5]
chivvyv.same as chivy.[Also spelled chivy, chevy, and chevvy.] Syn. -- harass, hassle, harry, beset, plague, molest, provoke. WordNet 1.5]
Chiv"y(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chivied(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chivying.][Cf. Chevy.]To goad, drive, hunt, throw, or pitch; to repeatedly cause annoyance or concern to. [Slang, Eng.] [Also spelled chivvy, chevy, and chevvy.]Dickens. Syn. -- harass, hassle, harry, beset, plague, molest, provoke. 1913 Webster + WordNet 1.5]
Chlam"y*date(?), a.[L. chlamydatus dressed in a military cloak. See Chlamys.](Zo\'94l.)Having a mantle; -- applied to certain gastropods. 1913 Webster]
chlamydian.a coccoid rickettsia which may infect birds and mammals; it causes infections of eyes and lungs and the genitourinary tract. WordNet 1.5]
Chlamydiaceaen.a natural family of gram-negative bacteria which are parasites in warm-blooded vertebrates. Syn. -- family Chlamydiaceae. WordNet 1.5]
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Chlamydomonadaceaen.a natural family of green algae some of which are colored red by hematochrome. Syn. -- family Chlamydomonadaceae. WordNet 1.5]
Chlamydomonasn.the type genus of the Chlamydomonadaceae; they are solitary biflagellated plantlike algae common in fresh water and damp soil. They multiply freely and are often a pest around filtration plants. Syn. -- genus Chlamydomonas. WordNet 1.5]
Chlamydosaurusn.a genus of frilled lizards. Syn. -- genus Chlamydosaurus. WordNet 1.5]
Chlam"y*phore(?), n.[Gr. fe`rein to bear.](Zo\'94l.)A small South American edentate (Chlamyphorus truncatus, and Chlamyphorus retusus) allied to the armadillo. It is covered with a leathery shell or coat of mail, like a cloak, attached along the spine. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chla"mys(?), n.; pl. E. Chlamyses(#), L. Chlamydes(#).[L., from Gr. A loose and flowing outer garment, worn by the ancient Greeks; a kind of cloak. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chlo*as"ma(?), n.[Gr. (Med.)A cutaneous affection characterized by yellow or yellowish brown pigmented spots. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"ral(?), n.[Chlorine + alcohol.]1.(Chem.)A colorless oily liquid, CCl3.CHO, of a pungent odor and harsh taste, obtained by the action of chlorine upon ordinary or ethyl alcohol. 1913 Webster]
2.(Med.)Chloral hydrate. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"ral*am`ide(?), n.[Chloral + amide.](Chem.)A compound of chloral and formic amide used to produce sleep. 1913 Webster]
chloral hydraten.1.a chemical substance (CCl3.CH(OH)2) which is a hydrate of trichloroacetaldehyde. It crystallizes as white monoclinic plates, obtained by treating chloral with water. It produces sleep when taken internally or hypodermically, and is used in medicine as a hypnotic and sedative; -- called also chloralIt may be habit-forming, and is a controlled substance listed in the U. S. Code of Federal Regulations. It is sometimes used to render a person unconscious for illegal or nefarious purposes, and in this use, a concentrated solution is one of the agents called knockout drops. PJC]
Chlo"ral*ism(?), n.(Med.)A morbid condition of the system resulting from excessive use of chloral. 1913 Webster]
Chlor`al"um(?), n.[Chlorine + aluminium.]An impure aqueous solution of chloride of aluminium, used as an antiseptic and disinfectant. 1913 Webster]
Chlor`an"il(?), n.[Chlorine + aniline.](Chem.)A yellow crystalline substance, C6Cl4.O2, regarded as a derivative of quinone, obtained by the action of chlorine on certain benzene derivatives, as aniline. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"rate(?), n.[Cf. F. chlorate. See Chlorine.](Chem.)A salt of chloric acid; as, chlorate of potassium. 1913 Webster]
Chlor`hy"dric(?), a.[Chlorine + hydrogen + -ic.](Chem.)Same as Hydrochloric. 1913 Webster]
Chlor`hy"drin(?), n.(Chem.)One of a class of compounds formed from certain polybasic alcohols (and especially glycerin) by the substitution of chlorine for one or more hydroxyl groups. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"ric(?), a.[From Chlorine.]Pertaining to, or obtained from, chlorine; -- said of those compounds of chlorine in which this element has a valence of five, or the next to its highest; as, chloric acid, HClO3. 1913 Webster]
Chloric ether(Chem.), ethylene dichloride. See Dutch liquid, under Dutch. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"ri*date(?), v. t.To treat or prepare with a chloride, as a plate with chloride of silver, for the purposes of photography.R. Hunt. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"ride(?), n.(Chem.)A binary compound of chlorine with another element or radical; as, chloride of sodium (common salt). 1913 Webster]
Chloride of ammonium, sal ammoniac. --
Chloride of lime, bleaching powder; a grayish white substance, CaOCl2, used in bleaching and disinfecting; -- called more properly calcium hypochlorite. See Hypochlorous acid, under Hypochlorous. --
Chlo"rin*ate(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chlorinated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chlorinating.](Chem.)To treat, or cause to combine, with chlorine. 1913 Webster]
Chlo`ri*na"tion(?), n.The act or process of subjecting anything to the action of chlorine; especially, a process for the extraction of gold by exposure of the auriferous material to chlorine gas. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"rine(?), n.[Gr. Yellow.](Chem.)One of the elementary substances, commonly isolated as a greenish yellow gas, two and one half times as heavy as air, of an intensely disagreeable suffocating odor, and exceedingly poisonous. It is abundant in nature, the most important compound being common salt (Sodium chloride). It is powerful oxidizing, bleaching, and disinfecting agent. Symbol Cl. Atomic weight, 35.4. 1913 Webster]
Chlorine family, the elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine, called the halogens, and classed together from their common peculiarities. 1913 Webster]
Chlor`i*od"ic(?), a.Compounded of chlorine and iodine; containing chlorine and iodine. 1913 Webster]
Chlor`i"o*dine(?), n.A compound of chlorine and iodine. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Chlo"rite(?), n.[Gr. chlwro`s light green.](Min.)The name of a group of minerals, usually of a green color and micaceous to granular in structure. They are hydrous silicates of alumina, iron, and magnesia. 1913 Webster]
Chlorite slate, a schistose or slaty rock consisting of alumina, iron, and magnesia. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"rite, n.[Chlorous + -ite.](Chem.)Any salt of chlorous acid; as, chlorite of sodium. 1913 Webster]
Chlo*rit"ic(?), a.[From 1st Chlorite.]Pertaining to, or containing, chlorite; as, chloritic sand. 1913 Webster]
Chlor`meth"ane(?), n.(Chem.)A colorless gas, CH3Cl, of a sweet odor, easily condensed to a liquid; -- called also methyl chloride.
<-- Also chloromethane. b. p. -23.7 1913 Webster]
Chlo"ro-(?). (Chem.)A prefix denoting that chlorine is an ingredient in the substance named. 1913 Webster]
Chlo`ro*cru"o*rin(?), n.[Gr. chlwro`s light green + E. cruorin.](Physiol.)A green substance, supposed to be the cause of the green color of the blood in some species of worms.Ray Lankester. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"ro*dyne(?), n.[From chlorine, in imitation of anodyne.](Med.)A patent anodyne medicine, containing opium, chloroform, Indian hemp, etc. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"ro*form(?), n.[Chlorine + formyl, it having been regarded as a trichloride of this radical: cf. F. chloroforme, G. chloroform.](Chem.)A colorless volatile liquid, CHCl3, having an ethereal odor and a sweetish taste, formed by treating alcohol with chlorine and an alkali. It is a powerful solvent of wax, resin, etc., and is extensively used to produce an\'91sthesia in surgical operations; also externally, to alleviate pain. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"ro*form(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chloroformed(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chloroforming.]To treat with chloroform, or to place under its influence. 1913 Webster]
Chlo`ro*leu"cite(?), n.[Gr. chlwro`s light green + E. leucite.](Bot.)Same as Chloroplastid. 1913 Webster]
Chlo*rom"e*ter(?), n.[Cf. F. chlorom\'8atre. See Chlorine, and -meter.]An instrument to test the decoloring or bleaching power of chloride of lime. 1913 Webster]
Chlo*rom"e*try(?), n.The process of testing the bleaching power of any combination of chlorine. 1913 Webster]
Chlo*ro"pal(?), n.[Gr. chlwro`s light green + E. opal.](Min.)A massive mineral, greenish in color, and opal-like in appearance. It is essentially a hydrous silicate of iron. 1913 Webster]
Chlo`ro*pep"tic(?), a.[Chlorine + peptic.](Physiol. Chem.)Of or pertaining to an acid more generally called pepsin-hydrochloric acid. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"ro*phane(?), n.[Gr. chlwro`s light green + chlorophane.]1.(Min.)A variety of fluor spar, which, when heated, gives a beautiful emerald green light. 1913 Webster]
2.(Physiol.)The yellowish green pigment in the inner segment of the cones of the retina. See Chromophane. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"ro*phyll(?), n.[Gr. chlwro`s light green + fy`llon leaf: cf. F. chlorophylle.]1.(Bot.)Literally, leaf green; a green granular matter formed in the cells of the leaves (and other parts exposed to light) of plants, to which they owe their green color, and through which all ordinary assimilation of plant food takes place. Similar chlorophyll granules have been found in the tissues of the lower animals.[Written also chlorophyl.] 1913 Webster]
2.any of a group of green pigments found in photosynthetic organisms. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are found in higher plants and green algae; chlorophyll c is found in certain types of marine algae. Chemically, it has a porphyrin ring with a magnesium ion bound to the four central nitrogens, and has a phytyl side chain. It is essential for photosynthesis in most plants. Chlorophyll a has formula C55H72N4O5Mg. Syn. -- chlorophyll. WordNet 1.5]
Chlo"ro*plast(?), n.[Pref. chloro- + Gr. (Biol.)A plastid containing chlorophyll, developed only in cells exposed to the light. Chloroplasts are minute flattened granules, usually occurring in great numbers in the cytoplasm near the cell wall, and consist of a colorless ground substance saturated with chlorophyll pigments. Under light of varying intensity they exhibit phototactic movements. In animals chloroplasts occur only in certain low forms. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Chlo`ro*plas"tid(?), n.[Gr. chlwro`s light green + E. plastid.](Bot.)A granule of chlorophyll; -- also called chloroleucite. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chlo*ro"sis(?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. chlwro`s light green: cf. F. chlorose.]1.(Med.)The green sickness; an an\'91mic disease of young women, characterized by a greenish or grayish yellow hue of the skin, weakness, palpitation, etc. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)A disease in plants, causing the flowers to turn green or the leaves to lose their normal green color. 1913 Webster]
Chlo*rot"ic(?), a.[Cf. F. chlorotique.]Pertaining to, or affected by, chlorosis. 1913 Webster]
Chlo"rous(?), a.[See Chlorine.]1.Of, pertaining to, or derived from, chlorine; -- said of those compounds of chlorine in which this element has a valence of three, the next lower than in chloric compounds; as, chlorous acid, HClO2. 1913 Webster]
2.(Chem. Physics)Pertaining to, or resembling, the electro-negative character of chlorine; hence, electro-negative; -- opposed to basylous or zincous. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Chloroxylonn.a genus of deciduous trees of India and Sri Lanka. Syn. -- genus Chloroxylon. WordNet 1.5]
Chlor`pi"crin(?), n.(Chem.)A heavy, colorless liquid, CCl3.NO2, of a strong pungent odor, obtained by subjecting picric acid to the action of chlorine.[Written also chloropikrin.] 1913 Webster]
chlorpromazinen.a drug derived from phenothiazine and used as a sedative and tranquilizer. WordNet 1.5]
chlortetracyclinen.a yellow crystalline antibacterial antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial and rickettsial diseases. Aureomycin is one common trademark for chlortetracycline. Syn. -- Aureomycin. WordNet 1.5]
Chloruran.one of the genera of birds which comprise the towhees. Syn. -- genus Chlorura. WordNet 1.5]
Chlo"ru*ret(?), n.[Cf. F. chlorure.](Chem.)A chloride. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Choak(?), v. t. & i.See Choke. 1913 Webster]
cho"a*no*cyte`(k, n.[Gr. choa`nh funnel + -cyte.]any of the flagellated cells in sponges having a collar of cytoplasm around base of the flagellum; they maintain a flow of water through the body. Syn. -- collar cell. WordNet 1.5]
Cho"a*noid(?), a.[Gr. choa`nh funnel + -oid.](Anat.)Funnel-shaped; -- applied particularly to a hollow muscle attached to the ball of the eye in many reptiles and mammals. 1913 Webster]
chocn.chocolate; a colloquial British abbreviation; as, a box ov chocs. WordNet 1.5]
choc-icen.colloquial British abbreviation for chocolate ice cream. WordNet 1.5]
Chock(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chocked(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chocking.]To stop or fasten, as with a wedge, or block; to scotch; as, to chock a wheel or cask. 1913 Webster]
Chock, v. i.To fill up, as a cavity. \'bdThe woodwork . . . exactly chocketh into joints.\'b8 Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Chock, n.1.A wedge, or block made to fit in any space which it is desired to fill, esp. something to steady a cask or other body, or prevent it from moving, by fitting into the space around or beneath it. 1913 Webster]
2.(Naut.)A heavy casting of metal, usually fixed near the gunwale. It has two short horn-shaped arms curving inward, between which ropes or hawsers may pass for towing, mooring, etc. 1913 Webster]
Chock, v. t.[F. choquer. Cf. Shock, v. t.]To encounter. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Chock, n.An encounter. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Chock"a*block(?), a.(Naut.)Hoisted as high as the tackle will admit; brought close together, as the two blocks of a tackle in hoisting. 1913 Webster]
Chock"-full`chock"full`(?), pred. a.Quite full; full to capacity; choke-full; as, chowder chock-full of clams. Syn. -- chockablock(predicate), chockful(predicate), choke-full(predicate), chuck-full(predicate), cram full. 1913 Webster + WordNet 1.5]
Choc"o*late(?), n.[Sp., fr. the Mexican name of the cacao. Cf. Cacao, Cocoa.]1.A paste or cake composed of the roasted seeds of the Theobroma Cacao ground and mixed with other ingredients, usually sugar, and cinnamon or vanilla. 1913 Webster]
2.The beverage made by dissolving a portion of the paste or cake in boiling water or milk. 1913 Webster]
Chocolate house, a house in which customers may be served with chocolate. --
Chocolate nut. See Cacao. 1913 Webster]
Choc"taws(?), n. pl.; sing.Choctaw.(Ethnol.)A tribe of North American Indians (Southern Appalachian), in early times noted for their pursuit of agriculture, and for living at peace with the white settlers. They are now one of the civilized tribes of the Indian Territory. 1913 Webster]
Chode(ch, the old imp. of chide. See Chide. 1913 Webster]
Choice(chois), n.[OE. chois, OF. chois, F. choix, fr. choisir to choose; of German origin; cf. Goth. kausjan to examine, kiusan to choose, examine, G. kiesen. \'fb46. Cf. Choose.]1.Act of choosing; the voluntary act of selecting or separating from two or more things that which is preferred; the determination of the mind in preferring one thing to another; election. 1913 Webster]
2.The power or opportunity of choosing; option. 1913 Webster]
Choice there is not, unless the thing which we take be so in our power that we might have refused it.Hooker. 1913 Webster]
3.Care in selecting; judgment or skill in distinguishing what is to be preferred, and in giving a preference; discrimination. 1913 Webster]
I imagine they [the apothegms of C\'91sar] were collected with judgment and choice.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
4.A sufficient number to choose among.Shak. 1913 Webster]
5.The thing or person chosen; that which is approved and selected in preference to others; selection. 1913 Webster]
The common wealth is sick of their own choice.Shak. 1913 Webster]
6.The best part; that which is preferable. 1913 Webster]
The flower and choice Milton. 1913 Webster]
To make a choice of, to choose; to select; to separate and take in preference.
Syn. - See Volition, Option. 1913 Webster]
Choice, a.[Compar.Choicer(?); superl.Choicest(?).]1.Worthly of being chosen or preferred; select; superior; precious; valuable. 1913 Webster]
My choicest hours of life are lost.Swift. 1913 Webster]
2.Preserving or using with care, as valuable; frugal; -- used with of; as, to be choice of time, or of money. 1913 Webster]
3.Selected with care, and due attention to preference; deliberately chosen. 1913 Webster]
His choiceful sense with every change doth fit.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Choice"ly, adv.1.With care in choosing; with nice regard to preference. \'bdA band of men collected choicely, from each county some.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.In a preferable or excellent manner; excellently; eminently. \'bdChoicely good.\'b8 Walton. 1913 Webster]
Choice"ness, n.The quality of being of particular value or worth; nicely; excellence. 1913 Webster]
Choir(?), n.[OE. quer, OF. cuer, F. ch\'d2ur, fr. L. chorus a choral dance, chorus, choir, fr. Gr. hortus garden, and E. yard. See Chorus.]1.A band or organized company of singers, especially in church service.[Formerly written also quire.] 1913 Webster]
2.That part of a church appropriated to the singers. 1913 Webster]
3.(Arch.)The chancel. 1913 Webster]
Choir organ(Mus.), one of the three or five distinct organs included in the full organ, each separable from the rest, but all controlled by one performer; a portion of the full organ, complete in itself, and more practicable for ordinary service and in the accompanying of the vocal choir. --
Choir screen,
Choir wall(Arch.), a screen or low wall separating the choir from the aisles. --
Choir service, the service of singing performed by the choir.T. Warton. 1913 Webster]
choir"boy`n.a boy who sings in a choir. WordNet 1.5]
choir"mas*tern.the musical director of a choir. Syn. -- precentor, cantor. WordNet 1.5]
Choke(ch, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Choked(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Choking.][OE. cheken, choken; cf. AS. \'beceocian to suffocate, Icel. koka to gulp, E. chincough, cough.]1.To render unable to breathe by filling, pressing upon, or squeezing the windpipe; to stifle; to suffocate; to strangle. 1913 Webster]
With eager feeding food doth choke the feeder.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To obstruct by filling up or clogging any passage; to block up.Addison. 1913 Webster]
3.To hinder or check, as growth, expansion, progress, etc.; to stifle. 1913 Webster]
Oats and darnel choke the rising corn.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
4.To affect with a sense of strangulation by passion or strong feeling. \'bdI was choked at this word.\'b8 Swift. 1913 Webster]
5.To make a choke, as in a cartridge, or in the bore of the barrel of a shotgun. 1913 Webster]
To choke off, to stop a person in the execution of a purpose; as, to choke off a speaker by uproar. 1913 Webster]
Choke, v. i.1.To have the windpipe stopped; to have a spasm of the throat, caused by stoppage or irritation of the windpipe; to be strangled. 1913 Webster]
2.To be checked, as if by choking; to stick. 1913 Webster]
The words choked in his throat.Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
Choke, n.1.A stoppage or irritation of the windpipe, producing the feeling of strangulation. 1913 Webster]
2.(Gun.)(a)The tied end of a cartridge.(b)A constriction in the bore of a shotgun, case of a rocket, etc. 1913 Webster]
Choke"ber`ry(?), n.(Bot.)The small apple-shaped or pear-shaped fruit of an American shrub (Pyrus arbutifolia) growing in damp thickets; also, the shrub. 1913 Webster]
Choke"bore`(?), n.1.In a shotgun, a bore which is tapered to a slightly smaller diameter at a short distance (usually 2 Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.A shotgun that is made with such a bore. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Choke"bore`, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chokebored(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chokeboring.]To provide with a chokebore. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Choke"cher`ry(?), n.(Bot.)The astringent fruit of a species of wild cherry (Prunus Virginiana); also, the bush or tree which bears such fruit. 1913 Webster]
Choke" damp`(?). See Carbonic acid, under Carbonic. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cho`ke*dar"(?), n.[Hindi chauk\'c6-d\'ber.]A watchman; an officer of customs or police. [India] 1913 Webster]
Choke"-full`(?), a.Full to the brim; quite full; chock-full. 1913 Webster]
Choke" pear`(?). 1.A kind of pear that has a rough, astringent taste, and is swallowed with difficulty, or which contracts the mucous membrane of the mouth. 1913 Webster]
2.A sarcasm by which one is put to silence; anything that can not be answered. [Low] S. Richardson. 1913 Webster]
Chok"er(?), n.1.One who, or that which, chokes. 1913 Webster]
2.A stiff wide cravat; a stock. [Slang] 1913 Webster]
Choke"-strap`(?), n.(Saddlery)A strap leading from the bellyband to the lower part of the collar, to keep the collar in place. 1913 Webster]
Chok"ing(?), a.1.That chokes; producing the feeling of strangulation. 1913 Webster]
2.Indistinct in utterance, as the voice of a person affected with strong emotion.
Choking coil. (Elec.)A coil of small resistance and large inductance, used in an alternating-current circuit to impede or throttle the current, or to change its phase; -- called also reactance coil or reactor, these terms being now preferred in engineering usage. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
{ Chok"yChok"ey }(?), a.1.Tending to choke or suffocate, or having power to suffocate. 1913 Webster]
2.Inclined to choke, as a person affected with strong emotion. \'bdA deep and choky voice.\'b8 Aytoun. 1913 Webster]
The allusion to his mother made Tom feel rather chokey.T. Hughes. 1913 Webster]
Cho"ky(?), n.[From Hind. chauki watching, guard.]1.A station, as for collection of customs, for palanquin bearers, police, etc. [India] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.Specif., a prison or lockup; a jail. [India, or Slang, Eng.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
\'d8Cho*l\'91"ma*a(?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)A disease characterized by severe nervous symptoms, dependent upon the presence of the constituents of the bile in the blood. 1913 Webster]
Chol"a*gogue(?), a.[Gr. cholagogue.](Med.)Promoting the discharge of bile from the system. -- n.An agent which promotes the discharge of bile from the system. 1913 Webster]
Cho"late(?), n.[Gr. (Chem.)A salt of cholic acid; as, sodium cholate. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chol`e*cys"tis(?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)The gall bladder. 1913 Webster]
Chol`e*cys*tot"o*my(?), n.[Cholecystis + Gr. (Surg.)The operation of making an opening in the gall bladder, as for the removal of a gallstone. 1913 Webster]
Chol`e*dol"o*gy(?), n.[Gr. -logy. Cf. F. chol\'82dologie.](Med.)A treatise on the bile and bilary organs.Dunglison. 1913 Webster]
chol\'82dologie is absolutely barbarous, there being no Greek word cholology. 1913 Webster]
Cho*le"ic(?), a.(Physiol. Chem.)Pertaining to, or obtained from, bile; as, choleic acid. 1913 Webster]
Chol"er(?), n.[OE. coler, F. col\'8are anger, L. cholera a bilious complaint, fr. Gr. Gall, and cf. Cholera.]1.The bile; -- formerly supposed to be the seat and cause of irascibility. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
His [Richard Hooker's] complexion . . . was sanguine, with a mixture of choler; and yet his motion was slow.I. Warton. 1913 Webster]
2.Irritation of the passions; anger; wrath. 1913 Webster]
He is rash and very sudden in choler.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Chol"er*a(?), n.[L., a bilious disease. See Choler.](Med.)One of several diseases affecting the digestive and intestinal tract and more or less dangerous to life, esp. the one commonly called Asiatic cholera. 1913 Webster]
Asiatic cholera, a malignant and rapidly fatal disease, originating in Asia and frequently epidemic in the more filthy sections of other lands, to which the germ or specific poison may have been carried. It is characterized by diarrhea, rice-water evacuations, vomiting, cramps, pinched expression, and lividity, rapidly passing into a state of collapse, followed by death, or by a stage of reaction of fever. --
Cholera bacillus. See Comma bacillus. --
Cholera infantum, a dangerous summer disease, of infants, caused by hot weather, bad air, or poor milk, and especially fatal in large cities. --
Cholera morbus, a disease characterized by vomiting and purging, with gripings and cramps, usually caused by imprudence in diet or by gastrointestinal disturbance. --
Chicken cholera. See under Chicken. --
Hog cholera. See under Hog. --
Sporadic cholera, a disease somewhat resembling the Asiatic cholera, but originating where it occurs, and rarely becoming epidemic. 1913 Webster]
Chol`er*a"ic(?), a.Relating to, or resulting from, or resembling, cholera. 1913 Webster]
Chol"er*ic(?), a.[L. cholericus, Gr. chol\'82rique.]1.Abounding with, or producing choler, or bile.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.Easily irritated; irascible; inclined to anger. 1913 Webster]
3.Angry; indicating anger; excited by anger. \'bdCholeric speech.\'b8 Sir W. Raleigh. 1913 Webster]
Choleric temperament, the bilious temperament. 1913 Webster]
Chol"er*ic*ly, adv.In a choleric manner; angrily. 1913 Webster]
Cho`les*ter"ic(?), a.[Cf. F. cholest\'82rique.]Pertaining to cholesterin, or obtained from it; as, cholesteric acid.Ure. 1913 Webster]
Cho*les"ter*in(?), n.[Gr. cholest\'82rine. See Stearin.](Chem.)A white, fatty, crystalline substance, tasteless and odorless, found in animal and plant products and tissue, and especially in nerve tissue, in the bile, and in gallstones. 1913 Webster]
{ Cho"li*amb(?), Cho`li*am"bic(?), }n.[L. choliambus, Gr. (Pros.)A verse having an iambus in the fifth place, and a spondee in the sixth or last. 1913 Webster]
{ Chol"ic(?), Cho*lin"ic(?), }a.[Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)Pertaining to, or obtained from, the bile. 1913 Webster]
Cholic acid(Chem.), a complex organic acid found as a natural constituent of taurocholic and glycocholic acids in the bile, and extracted as a resinous substance, convertible under the influence of ether into white crystals. 1913 Webster]
2.A standing still or idle (of mills, factories, etc.). Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Chomp(?), v. i.To chew loudly and greedily; to champ. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.] Halliwell. 1913 Webster]
chondrichthiann.a fish in which the skeleton may be calcified but not ossified; a cartilaginous fish. Syn. -- cartilaginous fish. WordNet 1.5]
Chondrichthyesn.the class of fishes comprising the cartilaginous fishes, which includes the sharks. Syn. -- class Chondrichthyes. WordNet 1.5]
Chon`dri*fi*ca"tion(?), n.(Physiol.)Formation of, or conversion into, cartilage. 1913 Webster]
Chon"dri*fy(?), v. t. & i.[Gr. -fy.]To convert, or be converted, into cartilage. 1913 Webster]
Chon"dri*gen(?), n.[Gr. -gen.](Physiol. Chem.)The chemical basis of cartilage, converted by long boiling in water into a gelatinous body called chondrin. 1913 Webster]
Chon"drin(?), n.[Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)A colorless, amorphous, nitrogenous substance, tasteless and odorless, formed from cartilaginous tissue by long-continued action of boiling water. It is similar to gelatin, and is a large ingredient of commercial gelatin. 1913 Webster]
Chon"drite(?), n.[Gr. (Min.)A meteoric stone characterized by the presence of chondrules. 1913 Webster]
Chon*drit"ic(?), a.(Min.)Granular; pertaining to, or having the granular structure characteristic of, the class of meteorites called chondrites. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chon*dri"tis(?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. -itis.](Med.)An inflammation of cartilage. 1913 Webster]
Chon"dro-(?). [Gr. A combining form meaning a grain, granular, granular cartilage, cartilaginous; as, the chondrocranium, the cartilaginous skull of the lower vertebrates and of embryos. 1913 Webster]
Chon"dro*dite(?), n.[Gr. (Min.)A fluosilicate of magnesia and iron, yellow to red in color, often occurring in granular form in a crystalline limestone. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chon`dro*ga*noi"de*a(?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. ganoidei. See Ganoid.](Zo\'94l.)An order of ganoid fishes, including the sturgeons; -- so called on account of their cartilaginous skeleton. 1913 Webster]
Chon"dro*gen(?), n.[Gr. -gen.](Physiol. Chem.)Same as Chondrigen. 1913 Webster]
Chon`dro*gen"e*sis(?), n.[Gr. genesis.](Physiol.)The development of cartilage. 1913 Webster]
Chon*drol"o*gy(?), n.[Gr. -logy: cf. F. chondrologie.](Anat.)The science which treats of cartilages.Dunglison. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chon*dro"ma(?), n.; pl.Chondromata(#).[NL., fr. Gr. -oma.]A cartilaginous tumor or growth. 1913 Webster]
Chon*drom"e*ter(?), n.[Gr. -meter.]A steelyard for weighting grain. 1913 Webster]
Chon*drop`ter*yg"i*an(?), a.[Cf. F. chondropterygien.]Having a cartilaginous skeleton. -- n.One of the Chondropterygii. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chon*drop`te*ryg"i*i(?), n. pl.[NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.)A group of fishes, characterized by cartilaginous fins and skeleton. It includes both ganoids (sturgeons, etc.) and selachians (sharks), but is now often restricted to the latter.[Written also Chondropterygia.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chon*dros"te*i(?), n. pl.[NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.)An order of fishes, including the sturgeons; -- so named because the skeleton is cartilaginous. 1913 Webster]
Chon*drot"o*my(?), n.[Gr. (Anat.)The dissection of cartilages. 1913 Webster]
Chon"drule(?), n.[Dim. from Gr. (Min.)A peculiar rounded granule of some mineral, usually enstatite or chrysolite, found imbedded more or less abundantly in the mass of many meteoric stones, which are hence called chondrites. 1913 Webster]
choo-choon.a train or a locomotive; -- a child's word. [Baby talk] WordNet 1.5]
Choose(?), v. t.[imp.Chose(?); p. p.Chosen(?), Chose (Obs.); p. pr. & vb. n.Choosing.][OE. chesen, cheosen, AS. ce\'a2san; akin to OS. kiosan, D. kiezen, G. kiesen, Icel. kj\'d3sa, Goth. kiusan, L. gustare to taste, Gr. jush to enjoy. \'fb46. Cf. Choice, 2d Gust.]1.To make choice of; to select; to take by way of preference from two or more objects offered; to elect; as, to choose the least of two evils. 1913 Webster]
Choose me for a humble friend.Pope. 1913 Webster]
2.To wish; to desire; to prefer. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
The landlady now returned to know if we did not choose a more genteel apartment.Goldsmith. 1913 Webster]
To choose sides. See under Side.
Syn. - To select; prefer; elect; adopt; follow. -- To Choose, Prefer, Elect. To choose is the generic term, and denotes to take or fix upon by an act of the will, especially in accordance with a decision of the judgment. To prefer is to choose or favor one thing as compared with, and more desirable than, another, or more in accordance with one's tastes and feelings. To elect is to choose or select for some office, employment, use, privilege, etc., especially by the concurrent vote or voice of a sufficient number of electors. To choose a profession; to prefer private life to a public one; to elect members of Congress. 1913 Webster]
Choose, v. i.1.To make a selection; to decide. 1913 Webster]
They had only to choose between implicit obedience and open rebellion.Prescott. 1913 Webster]
2.To do otherwise. \'bdCan I choose but smile?\'b8 Pope. 1913 Webster]
Can not choose but, must necessarily. 1913 Webster]
Thou canst not choose but know who I am.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Choos"er(?), n.One who chooses; one who has the power or right of choosing; an elector.Burke. 1913 Webster]
chooseychoosyadj.difficult to please, especially in details. Syn. -- particular, fussy. WordNet 1.5]
Chop(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chopped(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chopping.][Cf. LG. & D. kappen, Dan. kappe, Sw. kappa. Cf. Chap to crack.]1.To cut by striking repeatedly with a sharp instrument; to cut into pieces; to mince; -- often with up. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 252 -->
2.To sever or separate by one more blows of a sharp instrument; to divide; -- usually with off or down. 1913 Webster]
Chop off your hand, and it to the king.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.To seize or devour greedily; -- with up. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Upon the opening of his mouth he drops his breakfast, which the fox presently chopped up.L'estrange. 1913 Webster]
Chop(?), v. i.1.To make a quick strike, or repeated strokes, with an ax or other sharp instrument. 1913 Webster]
2.To do something suddenly with an unexpected motion; to catch or attempt to seize. 1913 Webster]
Out of greediness to get both, he chops at the shadow, and loses the substance.L'Estrange. 1913 Webster]
3.To interrupt; -- with in or out. 1913 Webster]
This fellow interrupted the sermon, even suddenly chopping in.Latimer. 1913 Webster]
Chop, v. t.[Cf. D. koopen to buy. See Cheapen, v. t., and cf. Chap, v. i., to buy.]1.To barter or truck. 1913 Webster]
2.To exchange; substitute one thing for another. 1913 Webster]
We go on chopping and changing our friends.L'Estrange. 1913 Webster]
To chop logic, to dispute with an affected use of logical terms; to argue sophistically. 1913 Webster]
Chop, v. i.1.To purchase by way of truck. 1913 Webster]
2.(Naut.)To vary or shift suddenly; as, the wind chops about. 1913 Webster]
3.To wrangle; to altercate; to bandy words. 1913 Webster]
Let not the counsel at the bar chop with the judge.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Chop, n.A change; a vicissitude.Marryat. 1913 Webster]
Chop, v. t. & i.To crack. See Chap, v. t. & i. 1913 Webster]
Chop, n.1.The act of chopping; a stroke. 1913 Webster]
2.A piece chopped off; a slice or small piece, especially of meat; as, a mutton chop. 1913 Webster]
3.A crack or cleft. See Chap. 1913 Webster]
Chop, n.[See Chap.]1.A jaw of an animal; -- commonly in the pl. See Chops. 1913 Webster]
2.A movable jaw or cheek, as of a wooden vise. 1913 Webster]
3.The land at each side of the mouth of a river, harbor, or channel; as, East Chop or West Chop. See Chops. 1913 Webster]
1.Quality; brand; as, silk of the first chop. 1913 Webster]
2.A permit or clearance. 1913 Webster]
Chop dollar, a silver dollar stamped to attest its purity. --
chop of tea, a number of boxes of the same make and quality of leaf. --
Chowchow chop. See under Chowchow. --
Grand chop, a ship's port clearance.S. W. Williams. 1913 Webster]
Chop"boat`(?), n.[Chin. chop sort, quality.]A licensed lighter employed in the transportation of goods to and from vessels. [China] S. W. Williams. 1913 Webster]
Chop"church`(?), n.[See Chop to barter.](Old Eng. Law)An exchanger or an exchange of benefices. [Cant] 1913 Webster]
Chop`fall`en(?), a.Having the lower chop or jaw depressed; hence, crestfallen; dejected; dispirited; downcast. See Chapfallen. 1913 Webster]
Chop"house`(?), n.A house where chops, etc., are sold; an eating house. 1913 Webster]
The freedom of a chophouse.W. Irving. 1913 Webster]
Chop"house`, n.[See Chop quality.]A customhouse where transit duties are levied. [China] S. W. Williams. 1913 Webster]
Chop"in(?), n.[F. chopine, fr. G. schoppen.]A liquid measure formerly used in France and Great Britain, varying from half a pint to a wine quart. 1913 Webster]
Chop"in, n.See Chopine. 1913 Webster]
Cho*pine"(?), n.[Cf. OF. chapin, escapin, Sp. chapin, Pg. chapim.]A clog, or patten, having a very thick sole, or in some cases raised upon a stilt to a height of a foot or more.[Variously spelt chioppine, chopin, etc.] 1913 Webster]
Your ladyship is nearer to heaven than when I saw you last, by the altitude of a chopine.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Chop"-log`ic(?), n.One who bandies words or is very argumentative. [Jocular] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Chop"ness(?), n.A kind of spade. [Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Chop"per(?), n.One who, or that which, chops. 1913 Webster]
Chop"ping(?), a.[Cf. Chubby.]Stout or plump; large. [Obs.] Fenton. 1913 Webster]
Chop"ping, a.[See Chop to barter.]Shifting or changing suddenly, as the wind; also, having tumbling waves dashing against each other; as, a chopping sea. 1913 Webster]
Chop"ping, n.Act of cutting by strokes. 1913 Webster]
Chopping block, a solid block of wood on which butchers and others chop meat, etc. --
Chopping knife, a knife for chopping or mincing meat, vegetables, etc.; -- usually with a handle at the back of the blade instead of at the end. 1913 Webster]
Chop"py(?), a.[Cf. Chappy.]1.Full of cracks. \'bdChoppy finger.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.[Cf. Chop a change.]Rough, with short, tumultuous waves; as, a choppy sea. 1913 Webster]
Chops(ch, n. pl.[See Chop a jaw.]1.The jaws; also, the fleshy parts about the mouth. 1913 Webster]
2.The sides or capes at the mouth of a river, channel, harbor, or bay; as, the chops of the English Channel. 1913 Webster]
chop"sticks`(ch, n.chopstick(ch,1.a pair of slender sticks made of wood, ivory, plastic, etc., used chiefly by the Chinese and Japanese to lift food into the mouth while dining; -- also commonly used around the world by persons of Oriental heritage or in restaurants serving oriental food. 1913 Webster + WordNet 1.5]
{ Chop su"eyorChop soo"y }(?). [Chin. (Cantonese) shap sui odds and ends, fr. shap for sap to enter the mouth + sui small bits pounded fine.]A m\'82lange served in Chinese restaurants to be eaten with rice, noodles, etc. It consists typically of bean sprouts, onions, mushrooms, etc., and sliced meats, fried and flavored with sesame oil. [U. S.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Cho*rag"ic(?), a.[Gr. Of or pertaining to a choragus. 1913 Webster]
Choragic monument, a building or column built by a victorious choragus for the reception and exhibition of the tripod which he received as a prize. Those of Lysicrates and Thrasyllus are still to be seen at Athens. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cho*ra"gus(?), n.; pl.Choragi(#).[L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)A chorus leader; esp. one who provided at his own expense and under his own supervision one of the choruses for the musical contents at Athens. 1913 Webster]
Cho"ral(?), a.[LL. choralis, fr. L. chorus. See Chorus.]Of or pertaining to a choir or chorus; singing, sung, or adapted to be sung, in chorus or harmony. 1913 Webster]
Choral service, a service of song. 1913 Webster]
Cho"ral, chorale, n.(Mus.)A stately hymn tune; a simple sacred tune, sung in unison by the congregation, used mostly in Protestant (especially Lutheran) churches; as, the Lutheran chorals.[Sometimes written chorale.] 1913 Webster + WordNet 1.5]
Cho"ral*ist(?), n.A singer or composer of chorals. 1913 Webster]
Cho"ral*ly, adv.In the manner of a chorus; adapted to be sung by a choir; in harmony. 1913 Webster]
Chord(k, n.[L chorda a gut, a string made of a gut, Gr. chordh`. In the sense of a string or small rope, in general, it is written cord. See Cord.]1.The string of a musical instrument.Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mus.)A combination of tones simultaneously performed, producing more or less perfect harmony, as, the common chord. 1913 Webster]
3.(Geom.)A right line uniting the extremities of the arc of a circle or curve. 1913 Webster]
4.(Anat.)A cord. See Cord, n., 4. 1913 Webster]
5.(Engin.)The upper or lower part of a truss, usually horizontal, resisting compression or tension.Waddell. 1913 Webster]
Accidental, Common,
chords. See under Accidental, Common, and Vocal. --
Chord of an arch. See Illust. of Arch. --
Chord of curvature, a chord drawn from any point of a curve, in the circle of curvature for that point. --
Scale of chords. See Scale. 1913 Webster]
Chord, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chorded; p. pr. & vb. n.Chording.]To provide with musical chords or strings; to string; to tune. 1913 Webster]
When Jubal struck the chorded shell.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Even the solitary old pine tree chords his harp.Beecher. 1913 Webster]
Chord, v. i.(Mus.)To accord; to harmonize together; as, this note chords with that. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chor"da(?), n.[NL., fr. L. chorda. See Chord.](Anat.)A cord. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chorda dorsalis(. [NL., lit., cord of the back.](Anat.)See Notochord. 1913 Webster]
Chor"dal(?), a.Of or pertaining to a chord. 1913 Webster]
chordamesoderm, chordomesodermn.(Embryology)the area of the mesoderm that forms the notochord. WordNet 1.5]
\'d8Chor*da"ta(?), n. pl.[NL., fr. L. chorda cord.](Zo\'94l.)A comprehensive division of animals including all Vertebrata together with the Tunicata, or all those having a dorsal nervous cord. 1913 Webster]
Chor*dee"(?), n.[F. cord\'82, cord\'82e, p. p. of corder to cord.](Med.)A painful erection of the penis, usually with downward curvature, occurring in gonorrhea. 1913 Webster]
chordophonen.(Music)a stringed instrument of the group including harps, lutes, lyres, and zithers. WordNet 1.5]
Chordospartiumn.a genus containing two species of small New Zealand trees: weeping tree broom; endangered. Syn. -- genus Chordospartium. WordNet 1.5]
Chore(ch, n.[The same word as char work done by the day.]A small job; in the pl., the regular or daily light work of a household or farm, either within or without doors. [U. S.] 1913 Webster]
Chore, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Chored(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Choring.]To do chores. [U. S.] 1913 Webster]
Chore(?), n.A choir or chorus. [Obs.] B. Jonson. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cho*re"a(?). n.[NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)St. Vitus's dance; a disease attended with convulsive twitchings and other involuntary movements of the muscles or limbs. 1913 Webster]
{ Cho`re*graph"ic(?), Cho`re*graph"ic*al(?), }a.Pertaining to choregraphy. 1913 Webster]
Cho*reg"ra*phy(?), n.[Gr. -graphy.]1.The art of representing dancing by signs, as music is represented by notes; -- also called choreography.Craig. [Archaic] 1913 Webster +PJC]
Cho*re"ic(?), a.Of the nature of, or pertaining to, chorea; convulsive. 1913 Webster]
Chor`e*og"ra*phy(?), n.[Gr. -graphy.]1.The art of representing dancing by signs, as music is represented by notes; -- also called choregraphy. 1913 Webster +PJC]
2.the art of composing dances for individuals or groups, including the planning of the movements and steps; also, the planning of movements and steps for figure skaters, performed on ice. PJC]
3.the planning and coordination of activities for an event, especially one to be held in public. [informal] PJC]
Cho`re*pis"co*pal(?), a.Pertaining to a chorepiscopus or his charge or authority. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cho`re*pis"co*pus(?), n.; pl.Chorepiscopi(#).[L., fr. Gr. chw^ros, chw`ra, place, country + Bishop.](Eccl.)A \'bdcountry\'b8 or suffragan bishop, appointed in the ancient church by a diocesan bishop to exercise episcopal jurisdiction in a rural district. 1913 Webster]
Cho"ri*amb(?), n.; pl.Choriambs(.Same as Choriambus. 1913 Webster]
Cho`ri*am"bic(?), a.[L. choriambicus, gr. Pertaining to a choriamb. -- n.A choriamb. 1913 Webster]
Cho`ri*am"bus(?), n.; pl. L. Choriambi(#), E. Choriambuses(#).[L. choriambus, Gr. (Anc. Pros.)A foot consisting of four syllables, of which the first and last are long, and the other short (- \'de \'de -); that is, a choreus, or trochee, and an iambus united. 1913 Webster]
Cho"ric(?), a.[L. choricus, Gr. Of or pertaining to a chorus. 1913 Webster]
I remember a choric ode in the Hecuba.Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
chorinen.a woman who dances in a chorus line. Syn. -- chorus girl, showgirl. WordNet 1.5]
chorioallantoisn.a very vascular fetal membrane composed of the fused chorion and adjacent wall of the allantois. Syn. -- chorioallantoic membrane. WordNet 1.5]
\'d8Cho"ri*on(?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. 1.(Anat.)(a)The outer membrane which invests the fetus in the womb; also, the similar membrane investing many ova at certain stages of development.(b)The true skin, or cutis. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)The outer membrane of seeds of plants. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cho"ri*sis(?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)The separation of a leaf or floral organ into two more parts. 1913 Webster]
collateral chorisis the parts are side by side. -- In parallel or median chorisis they are one in front of another. 1913 Webster]
Cho"rist(?), n.[F. choriste.]A singer in a choir; a chorister. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Chor"is*ter(?), n.[See Chorus.]1.One of a choir; a singer in a chorus.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.One who leads a choir in church music. [U. S.] 1913 Webster]
Cho"ro*graph(?), n.[Gr. -graph.]An instrument for constructing triangles in marine surveying, etc. 1913 Webster]
Cho*rog"ra*pher(?), n.1.One who describes or makes a map of a district or region. \'bdThe chorographers of Italy.\'b8 Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
2.A geographical antiquary; one who investigates the locality of ancient places. 1913 Webster]
Cho`ro*graph"ic*al(?), a.Pertaining to chorography. -- Cho`ro*graph"ic*al*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Cho*rog"ra*phy(?), n.[L. chorographia, Gr. the mapping or description of a region or district. 1913 Webster]
The chorography of their provinces.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Cho"roid(?), a.[gr. e'i^dos form.](Anat.)resembling the chorion; as, the choroid plexuses of the ventricles of the brain, and the choroid coat of the eyeball. -- n.The choroid coat of the eye. See Eye. 1913 Webster]
Choroid plexus(Anat.), one of the delicate fringelike processes, consisting almost entirely of blood vessels, which project into the ventricles of the brain. 1913 Webster]
Cho*roid"al(?), a.(Anat.)Pertaining to the choroid coat. 1913 Webster]
Cho*rol"o*gy(?), n.[Gr. -logy.](Biol.)The science which treats of the laws of distribution of living organisms over the earth's surface as to latitude, altitude, locality, etc. 1913 Webster]
Its distribution or chorology.Huxley. 1913 Webster]
Cho*rom"e*try(?), n.[Gr. -metry.]The art of surveying a region or district. 1913 Webster]
Chor"tle(?), v. t. & i.[imp. & p. p.Chortled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chor"tling(.]A word coined by Lewis Carroll (Charles L. Dodgson), and usually explained as a combination of chuckle and snort. [Humorous]
O frabjous day ! Callooh ! Callay ! chortled in his joy.Lewis Carroll. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Cho"rus(?), n.; pl.Choruses(#).[L., a dance in a ring, a dance accompanied with song; a chorus, a band of dancers and singers. Gr. Choir.] 1913 Webster]
1.(Antiq.)A band of singers and dancers. 1913 Webster]
The Grecian tragedy was at first nothing but a chorus of singers.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.(Gr. Drama)A company of persons supposed to behold what passed in the acts of a tragedy, and to sing the sentiments which the events suggested in couplets or verses between the acts; also, that which was thus sung by the chorus. 1913 Webster]
What the lofty, grave tragedians taught chorus or iambic.Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.An interpreter in a dumb show or play. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
4.(Mus.)A company of singers singing in concert. 1913 Webster]
5.(Mus.)A composition of two or more parts, each of which is intended to be sung by a number of voices. 1913 Webster]
6.(Mus.)Parts of a song or hymn recurring at intervals, as at the end of stanzas; also, a company of singers who join with the singer or choir in singer or choir in singing such parts. 1913 Webster]
7.The simultaneous of a company in any noisy demonstration; as, a Chorus of shouts and catcalls. 1913 Webster]
Cho"rus, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Chorused(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chorusing.]To sing in chorus; to exclaim simultaneously.W. D. Howells. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chose(?), n.; pl.Choses(#).[F., fr. L. causa cause, reason. See Cause.](Law)A thing; personal property. 1913 Webster]
Chose in action, a thing of which one has not possession or actual enjoyment, but only a right to it, or a right to demand it by action at law, and which does not exist at the time in specie; a personal right to a thing not reduced to possession, but recoverable by suit at law; as a right to recover money due on a contract, or damages for a tort, which can not be enforced against a reluctant party without suit. --
Chose in possession, a thing in possession, as distinguished from a thing in action. --
Chose local, a thing annexed to a place, as a mill. --
Chose transitory, a thing which is movable.Cowell. Blount. 1913 Webster]
Chose(?), imp. & p. p. of Choose. 1913 Webster]
Cho"sen(?), p. p.of Choose. Selected from a number; picked out; choice. 1913 Webster]
Seven hundred chosen men left-handed.Judg. xx. 16. 1913 Webster]
Cho"sen, n.One who, or that which is the object of choice or special favor. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chou(?), n.; pl. Choux(#). [F., fr. L. caulis stalk.]1.A cabbage. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.A kind of light pastry, usually in the form of a small round cake, and with a filling, as of jelly or cream. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
3.A bunch, knot, or rosette of ribbon or other material, used as an ornament in women's dress. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Chou"an(?), n.[F.]One of the royalist insurgents in western France (Brittany, etc.), during and after the French revolution. 1913 Webster]
Chough(?), n.[OE. choughe, kowe (and cf. OE. ca), fr. AS. ce\'a2; cf. also D. kauw, OHG. ch\'beha; perh. akin to E. caw. \'fb22. Cf. Caddow.](Zo\'94l.)A bird of the Crow family (Fregilus graculus) of Europe. It is of a black color, with a long, slender, curved bill and red legs; -- also called chauk, chauk-daw, chocard, Cornish chough, red-legged crow. The name is also applied to several allied birds, as the Alpine chough. 1913 Webster]
Cornish chough(Her.), a bird represented black, with red feet, and beak; -- called also aylet and sea swallow. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chou"i*cha(?), n.[Native name](Zo\'94l.)The salmon of the Columbia River or California. See Quinnat. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chou"ka(?), n.[Native name](Zo\'94l.)The Indian four-horned antelope; the chikara. 1913 Webster]
Choule(?), n. [Obs.] See Jowl.Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Choul"try(?), n.See Choltry. 1913 Webster]
Chouse(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Choused(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chousing.][From Turk. ch\'be\'d4sh a messenger or interpreter, one of whom, attached to the Turkish embassy, in 1609 cheated the Turkish merchants resident in England out of \'9c4,000.]To cheat, trick, defraud; -- followed by of, or out of; as, to chouse one out of his money. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
The undertaker of the afore-cited poesy hath choused your highness.Landor. 1913 Webster]
Chouse, n.1.One who is easily cheated; a tool; a simpleton; a gull.Hudibras. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chout(?), n.[Mahratta chauth one fourth part.]An assessment equal to a fourth part of the revenue. [India] J. Mill. 1913 Webster]
Chow(?), n.[Chin. chou.]1.A prefecture or district of the second rank in China, or the chief city of such a district; -- often part of the name of a city, as in Foochow. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.a breed of thick-coated medium-sized dogs with fluffy curled tails and distinctive blue-black tongues; -- same as chowchow{3}, n.. PJC]
Chow"chow`(chou"chou`), a.[Chin.]Consisting of several kinds mingled together; mixed; as, chowchow sweetmeats (preserved fruits put together). 1913 Webster]
2.a Chinese preserve of mixed fruits and ginger. Syn. -- chowchow. WordNet 1.5]
3.a breed of thick-coated medium-sized dogs with fluffy curled tails and distinctive blue-black tongues; believed to have originated in north China. Syn. -- chow, chow chow. WordNet 1.5]
<-- p. 253 -->
Chowchow chop, the last lighter containing the small sundry packages sent off to fill up a ship.S. W. Williams. 1913 Webster]
Chow"chow`(chou"chou`), n.(Com.)A kind of mixed pickles. 1913 Webster]
Chow"der(chou"d, n.[F. chaudi\'8are a kettle, a pot. Cf. Caldron.]1.(Cookery)A dish made of fresh fish or clams, biscuit, onions, etc., stewed together. 1913 Webster]
2.A seller of fish. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. 1913 Webster]
Chowder beer, a liquor made by boiling black spruce in water and mixing molasses with the decoction. 1913 Webster]
Chow"der, v. t.To make a chowder of. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chow"ry(chou"r, n.[Hind. chaunri.]A whisk to keep off files, used in the East Indies.Malcom. 1913 Webster]
Chow"ter(chou"t, v. t.[Cf. OE. chowre, and Prov. E. chow, to grumble.]To grumble or mutter like a froward child. [Obs.] E. Phillips. 1913 Webster]
Choy" root`(choi" r. See Chay root. 1913 Webster]
Chre`ma*tis"tics(?), n.[Gr. The science of wealth; the science, or a branch of the science, of political economy. 1913 Webster]
Chre`o*tech"nics(?), n.[Gr. The science of the useful arts, esp. agriculture, manufactures, and commerce. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Chres`to*math"ic(?), a.Teaching what is useful. \'bdA chrestomathic school.\'b8 Southey. 1913 Webster]
Chres*tom"a*thy(?), n.[Gr. A selection of passages, with notes, etc., to be used in acquiring a language; as, a Hebrew chrestomathy. 1913 Webster]
Chrism(?), n.[OE. crisme, from AS. crisma; also OE. creme, fr. OF. cresme, like the AS. word fr. LL. chrisma, fr. Gr. friare, fricare, to rub, Skr. gharsh, E. friable, friction. Cf. Chrisom.](Gr. & R. C. Church 1913 Webster]
1.Olive oil mixed with balm and spices, consecrated by the bishop on Maundy Thursday, and used in the administration of baptism, confirmation, ordination, etc. 1913 Webster]
2.The same as Chrisom. 1913 Webster]
Chris"mal(?), a.[LL. chrismalis.]Of or pertaining to or used in chrism. 1913 Webster]
Chris*ma"tion(?), n.[LL. chrismatio.]The act of applying the chrism, or consecrated oil. 1913 Webster]
Chrismation or cross-signing with ointment, was used in baptism.Jer. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
Chris"ma*to*ry(?), n.[LL. chrismatorium.]A cruet or vessel in which chrism is kept. 1913 Webster]
Chris"om(?), n.[See Chrism.] 1913 Webster]
1.A white cloth, anointed with chrism, or a white mantle thrown over a child when baptized or christened. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
2.A child which died within a month after its baptism; -- so called from the chrisom cloth which was used as a shroud for it. [Obs.] Blount. 1913 Webster]
Christ(?), n.[L. Christus, Gr. chri`ein to anoint. See Chrism.]The Anointed; an appellation given to Jesus, the Savior. It is synonymous with the Hebrew Messiah. 1913 Webster]
Christ"cross`(?), n.1.The mark of the cross, as cut, painted, written, or stamped on certain objects, -- sometimes as the sign of 12 o'clock on a dial. 1913 Webster]
The fescue of the dial is upon the christcross of noon.Old Play. Nares. 1913 Webster]
2.The beginning and the ending. [Obs.] Quarles. 1913 Webster]
Christ"cross-row`(?), The alphabet; -- formerly so called, either from the cross usually set before it, or from a superstitious custom, sometimes practiced, of writing it in the form of a cross, by way of a charm. 1913 Webster]
From infant conning of the Christcross-row.Wordsworth. 1913 Webster]
christellan.any of several tropical ferns of the genus Christella having thin brittle fronds. WordNet 1.5]
Chris"ten(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Christened(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Christening.][AS. cristnian to make a Christian, fr. cristen a Christian.] 1913 Webster]
1.To baptize and give a Christian name to. 1913 Webster]
2.To give a name; to denominate. \'bdChristen the thing what you will.\'b8 Bp. Burnet. 1913 Webster]
4.To use for the first time. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
Chris"ten*dom(?), n.[AS. cristend; cristen a Christian + -dom.]1.The profession of faith in Christ by baptism; hence, the Christian religion, or the adoption of it. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.The name received at baptism; or, more generally, any name or appelation. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
3.That portion of the world in which Christianity prevails, or which is governed under Christian institutions, in distinction from heathen or Mohammedan lands. 1913 Webster]
The Arian doctrine which then divided Christendom.Milton 1913 Webster]
A wide and still widening Christendom.Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
4.The whole body of Christians.Hooker. 1913 Webster]
Chris"tian(?), n.[L. christianus, Gr. cristen. See Christ.] 1913 Webster]
1.One who believes, or professes or is assumed to believe, in Jesus Christ, and the truth as taught by Him; especially, one whose inward and outward life is conformed to the doctrines of Christ. 1913 Webster]
The disciples were called Christians first in Antioch.Acts xi. 26. 1913 Webster]
2.One born in a Christian country or of Christian parents, and who has not definitely becomes an adherent of an opposing system. 1913 Webster]
3.(Eccl.)(a)One of a Christian denomination which rejects human creeds as bases of fellowship, and sectarian names. They are congregational in church government, and baptize by immersion. They are also called Disciples of Christ, and Campbellites.(b)One of a sect (called Christian Connection) of open-communion immersionists. The Bible is their only authoritative rule of faith and practice. 1913 Webster]
kr\'c6s"chan. 1913 Webster]
Chris"tian(?), a.1.Pertaining to Christ or his religion; as, Christian people. 1913 Webster]
3.Pertaining to the church; ecclesiastical; as, a Christian court.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
4.Characteristic of Christian people; civilized; kind; kindly; gentle; beneficent. 1913 Webster]
The graceful tact; the Christian art.Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
Christian Commission. See under Commission. --
Christian court. Same as Ecclesiastical court. --
Christian Endeavor, Young People's Society of. In various Protestant churches, a society of young people organized in each individual church to do Christian work; also, the whole body of such organizations, which are united in a corporation called the United Society of Christian Endeavor, organized in 1885. The parent society was founded in 1881 at Portland, Maine, by Rev. Francis E. Clark, a Congregational minister. [Webster 1913 Suppl.] --
Christian era, the present era, commencing with the birth of Christ. It is supposed that owing to an error of a monk (Dionysius Exiguus, d. about 556) employed to calculate the era, its commencement was fixed three or four years too late, so that 1890 should be 1893 or 1894. --
Christian name, the name given in baptism, as distinct from the family name, or surname. 1913 Webster]
Christian Era. The era in use in all Christian countries, which was intended to commence with the birth of Christ. The era as now established was first used by Dionysius Exiguus (died about 540), who placed the birth of Christ on the 25th of December in the year of Rome 754, which year he counted as 1 a. d. This date for Christ's birth is now generally thought to be about four years too late. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Chris`tian*ism(?), n.[L. christianismus, Gr. christianisme.]1.The Christian religion. [Obs.] Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.The Christian world; Christendom. [Obs.] Johnson 1913 Webster]
Chris"tian*ite(?), n.[In sense (a) named after Christian Frederic, of Denmark; in sense (b) after Christian VII., of Denmark.](Min.)(a)Same as Anorthite. [R.] (b)See Phillipsite. 1913 Webster]
Chris*tian"i*ty(?), n.[OE. cristiente, OF. cristient\'82, F. chr\'82tient\'82, fr. L. christianitas. ] 1913 Webster]
1.The religion of Christians; the system of doctrines and precepts taught by Christ. 1913 Webster]
2.Practical conformity of one's inward and outward life to the spirit of the Christian religion 1913 Webster]
3.The body of Christian believers. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
To Walys fled the christianitee Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Chris`tian*i*za"tion(?), n.The act or process of converting or being converted to a true Christianity. 1913 Webster]
Chris"tian*ize(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Christianized(; p. pr. & vb. n.Christianizing.][Cf. F. christianiser, L. christianizare, fr. Gr. 1.To make Christian; to convert to Christianity; as, to Christianize pagans. 1913 Webster]
2.To imbue with or adapt to Christian principles. 1913 Webster]
Chris"tian*ness, n.Consonance with the doctrines of Christianity. [Obs.] Hammond. 1913 Webster]
Christian Science. A system of healing disease of mind and body which teaches that all cause and effect is mental, and that sin, sickness, and death will be destroyed by a full understanding of the Divine Principle of Jesus' teaching and healing. The system was founded by Rev. Mary Baker Glover Eddy, of Concord, N. H., in 1866, and bases its teaching on the Scriptures as understood by its adherents. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Christian Scientist. A believer in Christian Science; one who practices its teachings. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Christian Seneca. Joseph Hall (1574 -- 1656), Bishop of Norwich, a divine eminent as a moralist. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Christian Socialism. Any theory or system that aims to combine the teachings of Christ with the teachings of socialism in their applications to life; Christianized socialism; esp., the principles of this nature advocated by F. D. Maurice, Charles Kingsley, and others in England about 1850. -- Christian socialist. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Christ"less(?), a.Without faith in Christ; unchristian.Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
Christ"like`(?), a.Resembling Christ in character, actions, etc. -- Christ"like`ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Christ"mas(?), n.[Christ + mass.]An annual church festival (December 25) and in some States a legal holiday, in memory of the birth of Christ, often celebrated by a particular church service, and also by special gifts, greetings, and hospitality. 1913 Webster]
Christmas box. (a)A box in which presents are deposited at Christmas.(b)A present or small gratuity given to young people and servants at Christmas; a Christmas gift. --
Christmas carol, a carol sung at, or suitable for, Christmas. --
Christmas day. Same as Christmas. --
Christmas eve, the evening before Christmas. --
Christmas fern(Bot.), an evergreen North American fern (Aspidium acrostichoides), which is much used for decoration in winter. --
Christmas flower,
Christmas rose, the black hellebore, a poisonous plant of the buttercup family, which in Southern Europe often produces beautiful roselike flowers midwinter. --
Christmas tree, a small evergreen tree, set up indoors, to be decorated with bonbons, presents, etc., and illuminated on Christmas eve. 1913 Webster]
Christmasberryn.1.a spiny evergreen shrub of southeastern U. S. (Lycium carolinianum) having spreading branches with usually blue or mauve flowers and red berries. Syn. -- Christmas berry, Lycium carolinianum. WordNet 1.5]
2.an ornamental evergreen treelike shrub of US Pacific coast (Photinia arbutifolia) having large white flowers and red berrylike fruits; often placed in genus Photinia. Syn. -- toyon, tollon, Christmas berry, Heteromeles arbutifolia, Photinia arbutifolia. WordNet 1.5]
Christ"mas*tide`(?), n.[Christmas + tide time.]The season of Christmas. 1913 Webster]
Chris"to*cen"tric(?), a.[Christ + centric.]Making Christ the center, about whom all things are grouped, as in religion or history; tending toward Christ, as the central object of thought or emotion.J. W. Chadwick. 1913 Webster]
Chris*tol"o*gy(?), n.[Crist + -logy.]A treatise on Christ; that department of theology which treats of the personality, attributes, or life of Christ. 1913 Webster]
Chris*toph"a*ny(?), n.[Christ + Gr. An appearance of Christ, as to his disciples after the crucifixion. 1913 Webster]
Christ's-thorn`(?), n.(Bot.)One of several prickly or thorny shrubs found in Palestine, especially the Paliurus aculeatus, Zizyphus Spina-Christi, and Zizyphus vulgaris. The last bears the fruit called jujube, and may be considered to have been the most readily obtainable for the Crown of Thorns. 1913 Webster]
Chro"ma*scope(?), n.[Gr. -scope.]An instrument for showing the optical effects of color. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mate(?), n.[Cf. F. chromate. See Chrome.](Chem.)A salt of chromic acid. 1913 Webster]
Chro*mat"ic(?), a.[L. chromaticus, Gr. 1.Relating to color, or to colors. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mus.)Proceeding by the smaller intervals (half steps or semitones) of the scale, instead of the regular intervals of the diatonic scale. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
Chromatic aberration. (Opt.)See Aberration, 4. --
Chromatic printing, printing from type or blocks covered with inks of various colors. --
Chromatic scale(Mus.), the scale consisting of thirteen tones, including the eight scale tones and the five intermediate tones. 1913 Webster]
Chro*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.In a chromatic manner. 1913 Webster]
chromaticityn.the quality of a color as determined by its dominant wavelength. Syn. -- hue. WordNet 1.5]
Chro*mat"ics(?), n.The science of colors; that part of optics which treats of the properties of colors. 1913 Webster]
chromatidn.(Cell Biol.)one of two identical strands into which a chromosome splits during mitosis. WordNet 1.5]
Chro"ma*tin(?), n.[Gr. 1.(Biol.)Tissue which is capable of being stained by dyes. [archaic] 1913 Webster]
Chro"ma*tin(?), n.(Biol.)The deeply staining substance of the nucleus and chromosomes of eukaryotic cells, composed of DNA and basic proteins (such as histones), the DNA of which comprises the predominant physical basis of inheritance. It was, at the beginning of the 20th century, supposed to be the same substance as was then termed idioplasm or germ plasm. In most eukaryotic cells, there is also DNA in certain plasmids, such as mitochondria, or (in plant cells) chloroplasts; but with the exception of these cytoplasmic genetic factors, the nuclear DNA of the chromatin is believed to contain all the genetic information required to code for the development of an adult organism. In the interphase nucleus the chromosomes are dispersed, but during cell division or meiosis they are condensed into the individually recognizable chromosomes. The set of chromosomes, or a photographic representation of the full set of chromosomes of a cell (often ordered for presentation) is called a karyotype. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Chro"ma*tism(?), n.[Gr. 1913 Webster]
1.(Optics)The state of being colored, as in the case of images formed by a lens. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)An abnormal coloring of plants. 1913 Webster]
chro*mat"o*gramn.1.the paper strip, column, gel, or TLC plate on which subsances have been separated by a process of chromatography{2}. PJC]
2.the record of the results of a process of chromatography{2}, produced by an instrument which measures some property related to the concentration of substances over the course of a chromatographic process. The record may be printed, for example, on a piece of paper, showing the concentration of some substance as a function of time or volume; or it may be retained in a computer and displayed on a video display terminal.The analytical methods for determining which substances have moved to which point on the chromatogram are very varied, and the records of the results of a visualization techique, such as autoradiography, may itself be referred to as a chromatogram. PJC]
chro*mat"o*graph`n.a piece of equipment used to perform chromatography{2}. PJC]
chro*mat`o*graph"icchro*mat`o*graph"ic*aladj.of or pertaining to chromatography. WordNet 1.5]
Chro`ma*tog"ra*phy(?), n.[Gr. -graphy.]1.A treatise on colors [archaic] 1913 Webster]
2.(Chem.)an analytical and preparative technique for separating substances by differences in their selective adsorption to solids, by passing a liquid over the solid, to which the substances to be separated have usually been adsorbed in a preliminary step. The major variations are column chromatography, in which the substances to be separated are adsorbed to a column with any of a wide variety of adsorbing solids in powdered or granulated form; paper chromatography, in which the solids are applied as a spot at one end of a strip of absorbent paper (such as filter paper), and the liquid is percolated through the paper by capillary action; and thin-layer chromatography (TLC), which is similar to paper chromatography, but the adsorbent material is, instead of paper, a thin layer of finely powdered material, such as cellulose or silica, on a backing of glass or plastic, called a TLC plate. A modern version of column chromatography is high-performance liquid chromatography, usually referred to as HPLC. PJC]
Chro`ma*tol"o*gy(?), n.[Gr. -logy.]A treatise on colors. 1913 Webster]
Chro"ma*to*phore`(?), n.[Gr. fe`rein to bear.]1.(Zo\'94l.)A contractile cell or vesicle containing liquid pigment and capable of changing its form or size, thus causing changes of color in the translucent skin of such animals as possess them. They are highly developed and numerous in the cephalopods. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)One of the granules of protoplasm, which in mass give color to the part of the plant containing them. 1913 Webster]
Chro"ma*to*scope`(?), n.[Gr. -scope.](Astron.)A reflecting telescope, part of which is made to rotate eccentrically, so as to produce a ringlike image of a star, instead of a point; -- used in studying the scintillation of the stars. 1913 Webster]
Chro"ma*trope(?), n.[Gr. 1.(Physics)An instrument for exhibiting certain chromatic effects of light (depending upon the persistence of vision and mixture of colors) by means of rapidly rotating disks variously colored. 1913 Webster]
2.A device in a magic lantern or stereopticon to produce kaleidoscopic effects. 1913 Webster]
Chro"ma*type(?), n.[Gr. 1913 Webster]
1.(Photog.)A colored photographic picture taken upon paper made sensitive with potassium bichromate or some other salt of chromium. 1913 Webster]
2.The process by which such picture is made. 1913 Webster]
Chrome(?), n.Same as Chromium. 1913 Webster]
Chrome alum(Chem.), a dark violet substance, (SO4)3Cr2.K2SO4.24H2O, analogous to, and crystallizing like, common alum. It is regarded as a double sulphate of chromium and potassium. --
Chrome green(a)The green oxide of chromium, Cr2O3, used in enamel painting, and glass staining.(b)A pigment made by mixing chrome yellow with Prussian blue. --
Chrome red, a beautiful red pigment originally prepared from the basic chromate of lead, but now made from red oxide of lead. --
Chrome yellow, a brilliant yellow pigment, PbCrO4, used by painters. 1913 Webster]
Chrome(kr, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chromed(kr; p. pr. & vb. n.Chroming.][From Chrome, n.]To treat with a solution of potassium bichromate, as in dyeing. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
chromesthesian.a form of synesthesia in which nonvisual stimulation results in the experience of color sensations.[Also spelled chromaesthesia.] WordNet 1.5]
Chrome steel. Same as Chromium steel, under Steel. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Chro"mic(?), a.(Chem.)Pertaining to, or obtained from, chromium; -- said of the compounds of chromium in which it has its higher valence. 1913 Webster]
Chromic acid, an acid, H2CrO4, analogous to sulphuric acid, not readily obtained in the free state, but forming well known salts, many of which are colored pigments, as chrome yellow, chrome red, etc. --
Chromic anhydride, a brilliant red crystalline substance, CrO3, regarded as the anhydride of chromic acid. It is one of the most powerful oxidizers known. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mid(?), n.[Gr. (Zo\'94l.)One of the Chromid\'91, a family of fresh-water fishes abundant in the tropical parts of America and Africa. Some are valuable food fishes, as the bulti of the Nile. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chro`mi*dro"sis(?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)Secretion of abnormally colored perspiration. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mism(?), n.Same as Chromatism. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mite(?), n.1.(Min.)A black submetallic mineral consisting of oxide of chromium and iron; -- called also chromic iron. 1913 Webster]
2.(Chem.)A compound or salt of chromous hydroxide regarded as an acid. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Chro"mi*um(?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. (Chem.)A comparatively rare element occurring most abundantly in the mineral chromite. Atomic weight 52.5. Symbol Cr. When isolated it is a hard, brittle, grayish white metal, fusible with difficulty. Its chief commercial importance is for its compounds, as potassium chromate, lead chromate, etc., which are brilliantly colored and are used dyeing and calico printing. Called also chrome.
<-- used as an ingredient in stainless steel, or chrome steel. The yellow pigments are also used in paints, as in painting yellow stripes on macadam highways. --> 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo(?), n.; pl.Chromos(#).[Abbrev. from chromolithograph.]A chromolithograph. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*blast(?), n.[Gr. -blast.]An embryonic cell which develops into a pigment cell. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*gen(?), [Gr. -gen.] 1913 Webster]
1.(Biol.)Vegetable coloring matter other than green; chromule. 1913 Webster]
2.(Chem.)Any colored compound, supposed to contain one or more chromophores. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*gen"ic(?), a.(Biol.)Containing, or capable of forming, chromogen; as, chromogenic bacteria. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*graph(?), n.[Gr. -graph.]An apparatus by which a number of copies of {ritten katter, kaps, plons, etc., can be made; -- called also hectograph. 1913 Webster]
Chro`mo*lith"o*graph(?), n.[Gr. lithograph.]A picture printed in tints and colors by repeated impressions from a series of stones prepared by the lithographic process. 1913 Webster]
Chro`mo*li*thog"ra*pher(?), n.One who is engaged in chromolithography. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*lith`o*graph"ic(?), a.Pertjining tj, or maoe by, coromolithography. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*li*thog"ra*phy(?), n.Lithography adapted to printing in inks of various colors. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*phane(?), n.[Gr. (Physiol.)A general name for the several coloring matters, red, green, yellow, etc., present in the inner segments in the cones of the retina, held in solution by fats, and slowly decolorized by light; distinct from the photochemical pigments of the rods of the retina. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*phore(?), n.[Gr. fe`rein to bear.](Chem.)Any chemical group or residue (as NO2; N2; or O2) which imparts some decided color to the compound of which it is an ingredient. 1913 Webster]
Chro`mo*pho"to*graph(?), n.[Gr. photograph.]A picture made by any of the processes for reproducing photographs in colors; a color photograph. -- Chro`mo*pho`to*graph"ic(#), a. Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC]
Chro`mo*pho*tog"ra*phy(?), n.[Gr. photography.]The art of producing photographs in colors- 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*pho`to*lith"o*graph(?), n.A photolithograph printed in colors. 1913 Webster]
Chro`mo*plas"tid(?), n.[Gr. plastid.](Bot.)A protoplasmic granule of some other color than green; -- also called chromoleucite. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*some`(?), n.[Gr. (Biol.)One of the minute bodies into which the chromatin of the nucleus is resolved during mitotic cell division; the idant of Weismann. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*sphere(?), n.[Gr. sphere.](Astron.)An atmosphere of rare matter, composed principally of incandescent hydrogen gas, surrounding the sun and enveloping the photosphere. Portions of the chromosphere are here and there thrown up into enormous tongues of flame. 1913 Webster]
Chro`mo*spher"ic(?), a.Of or pertaining to the chromosphere. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mo*type(?), n.[Gr. -type.]1.A sheet printed in colors by any process, as a chromolithograph. See Chromolithograph. 1913 Webster]
2.A photographic picture in the natural colors. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mous(?), a.Of, pertaining to, or derived from, chromium, when this element has a valence lower than that in chromic compounds. 1913 Webster]
Chromous acid, a bluish gray powder, CrO.OH, of weak acid properties and regard as an acid. 1913 Webster]
Chro"mule(?), n.[Gr. (Bot.)A general name for coloring matter of plants other than chlorophyll, especially that of petals. 1913 Webster]
Chron"ic(?), a.[L. chronicus, Gr. chronique.]1.Relating to time; according to time. 1913 Webster]
2.Continuing for a long time; lingering; habitual. 1913 Webster]
Chronic disease, one which is inveterate, of long continuance, or progresses slowly, in distinction from an acute disease, which speedly terminates. 1913 Webster]
Chron"ic*al(?), a.Chronic. 1913 Webster]
Partly on a chronical, and partly on a topical method.J. A. Alexander. 1913 Webster]
Chron"i*cle(?), n.[OE. cronicle, fr. cronique, OF. cronique, F. chronique, L. chronica, fr. Gr. Chronic.]1.An historical register or account of facts or events disposed in the order of time. 1913 Webster]
2.A narrative of events; a history; a record. 1913 Webster]
3.pl.The two canonical books of the Old Testament in which immediately follow 2 Kings.
Syn. - Register; record; annals. See History. 1913 Webster]
Chron"i*cle, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chronicled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chronicling(?).]To record in a history or chronicle; to record; to register.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Chron"i*cler(?), n.A writer of a chronicle; a recorder of events in the order of time; an historian. 1913 Webster]
Such an honest chronicler as Griffith.Shak. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chro`nique"(?), n.[F. See Chronicle.]A chronicle.L. Addison. 1913 Webster]
Chron"o*gram(?), n.[Gr. chronogramme.]1.An inscription in which certain numeral letters, made to appear specially conspicuous, on being added together, express a particular date or epoch, as in the motto of a medal struck by Gustavus Adolphus in 1632:
ChrIstVs DVX; ergo trIVMphVs.
- the capitals of which give, when added as numerals, the sum 1632. 1913 Webster]
2.The record or inscription made by a chronograph. 1913 Webster]
{ Chron`o*gram*mat"ic(?), Chron`o*gram*mat"ic*al(?), }a.[Cf. F. chronogrammatique.]Belonging to a chronogram, or containing one. 1913 Webster]
Chron`o*gram"ma*tist(?), n.A writer of chronograms. 1913 Webster]
Chron"o*graph(?), n.[Gr. -graph: cf. F. chronographe.]1.An instrument for measuring or recording intervals of time, upon a revolving drum or strip of paper moved by clockwork. The action of the stylus or pen is controlled by electricity. 1913 Webster]
2.Same as Chronogram, 1. [R.] 1913 Webster]
3.A chronoscope. 1913 Webster]
Chro*nog"ra*pher(?), n.One who writes a chronography; a chronologer.Tooke. 1913 Webster]
Chron`o*graph"ic(?), a.Of or pertaining to a chronograph. 1913 Webster]
Chro*nog"ra*phy(?), n.[Gr. Chronograph.]A description or record of past time; history. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. 1913 Webster]
Chro*nol"o*ger(?), n.Same as Chronologist. 1913 Webster]
{ Chron`o*log"ic(?), Chron`o*log"ic*al(?), }a.[Gr. Relating to chronology; containing an account of events in the order of time; according to the order of time; as, chronological tables.Raleigh. -- Chron`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
{ Chro*nol"o*gist(?), Chro*nol"o*ger(?) }, n.[Gr. A person who investigates dates of events and transactions; one skilled in chronology. 1913 Webster]
That learned noise and dust of the chronologist is wholly to be avoided.Locke. 1913 Webster]
THe most exact chronologers tell us that Christ was born in October, and not in December.John Knox. 1913 Webster]
Chro*nol"o*gy(?), n.; pl.Chronologies(#).[Gr. chronologie.]The science which treats of measuring time by regular divisions or periods, and which assigns to events or transactions their proper dates. 1913 Webster]
If history without chronology is dark and confused, chronology without history is dry and insipid.A. Holmes. 1913 Webster]
Chro*nom"e*ter(?), n.[Gr. -meter: cf. F. chronom\'8atre.]1.An instrument for measuring time; a timekeeper. 1913 Webster]
2.A portable timekeeper, with a heavy compensation balance, and usually beating half seconds; -- intended to keep time with great accuracy for use an astronomical observations, in determining longitude, etc. 1913 Webster]
3.(Mus.)A metronome. 1913 Webster]
Box chronometer. See under Box. --
Pocket chronometer, a chronometer in the form of a large watch. --
To rate a chronometer. See Rate, v. t. 1913 Webster]
{ Chron`o*met"ric(?), Chron`o*met"ric*al(?), }a.[Cf. F. chronom\'82trique.]Pertaining to a chronometer; measured by a chronometer. 1913 Webster]
Chro*nom"e*try(?), n.[Cf. F. chronom\'82trie.]The art of measuring time; the measuring of time by periods or divisions. 1913 Webster]
Chron"o*pher(?), n.[Gr. An instrument signaling the correct time to distant points by electricity. 1913 Webster]
Chron`o*pho"to*graph(?), n.[Gr. photograph.]One of a set of photographs of a moving object, taken for the purpose of recording and exhibiting successive phases of the motion. -- Chron`o*pho*tog"ra*phy, n. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Chron"o*scope(?), n.[Gr. -scope.]An instrument for measuring minute intervals of time; used in determining the velocity of projectiles, the duration of short-lived luminous phenomena, etc. 1913 Webster]
Chrys"a*lid(?), a.Pertaining to a chrysalis; resembling a chrysalis. 1913 Webster]
Chrys"a*lis(?), n.; pl.Chrysalides(#).[L. chrysallis the gold-colored pupa of butterflies, Gr. Aurelia.](Zo\'94l.)The pupa state of certain insects, esp. of butterflies, from which the perfect insect emerges. See Pupa, and Aurelia(a). 1913 Webster]
Chrys*an"i*line(?), n.[Gr. chryso`s gold + E. anilene.](Chem.)A yellow substance obtained as a by-product in the manufacture of rosaniline. It dyes silk a fine golden-yellow color. 1913 Webster]
Chrys*an"the*mum(?), n.[L., fr. Gr. chryso`s gold + (Bot.)A genus of composite plants, mostly perennial, and of many species including the many varieties of garden chrysanthemums (annual and perennial), and also the feverfew and the oxeye daisy. 1913 Webster]
Chrys`a*ro"bin(?), n.[Gr. chryso`s gold + araroba a foreign name of Goa powder + -in.](Chem.)A bitter, yellow substance forming the essential constituent of Goa powder, and yielding chrysophanic acid proper; hence formerly called also chrysphanic acid. 1913 Webster]
Chrys*au"rin(?), n.[Gr. chryso`s gold + L. aurum gold. So called from its color.]An orange-colored dyestuff, of artificial production. 1913 Webster]
Chrys`el*e*phan"tine(?), a.[Gr. chryso`s gold + Composed of, or adorned with, gold and ivory. 1913 Webster]
chryselephantine statues of the Greeks were built up with inferior materials, veneered, as it were, with ivory for the flesh, and gold decorated with color for the hair and garments. 1913 Webster]
Chry"sene(?), n.[Gr. chryso`s gold.](Chem.)One of the higher aromatic hydrocarbons of coal tar, allied to naphthalene and anthracene. It is a white crystalline substance, C18H12, of strong blue fluorescence, but generally colored yellow by impurities.<-- ##err in orig, "naphthalene" was misspelled "napthalene". --> 1913 Webster]
Chrys"o*ber`yl(?), n.[L. chrysoberyllus, Gr. chryso`s gold + (Min.)A mineral, found in crystals, of a yellow to green or brown color, and consisting of aluminia and glucina. It is very hard, and is often used as a gem. 1913 Webster]
Chrys"o*chlore(?), n.[Gr. chryso`s gold + chlwro`s light green: cf. F. chrysochlore.](Zo\'94l.)A South African mole of the genus Chrysochloris; the golden mole, the fur of which reflects brilliant metallic hues of green and gold. 1913 Webster]
Chrys"o*col`la(?), n.[L., fr. Gr. chryso`kolla gold solder; chryso`s gold + (Min.)A hydrous silicate of copper, occurring massive, of a blue or greenish blue color. 1913 Webster]
Chry*sog"ra*phy(?), n.[Gr. chryso`s gold + 1.The art of writing in letters of gold. 1913 Webster]
2.A writing executed in letters of gold. 1913 Webster]
Chrys*o"\'8b*dine(?), n.[Gr. chryso`s gold + -oid + -ine.](Chem.)An artificial, yellow, crystalline dye, C6H5N2.C6H3(NH2)2. Also, one of a group of dyestuffs resembling chryso\'8bdine proper. 1913 Webster]
Chrys"o*lite(?), n.[L. chrysolithos, Gr. chryso`s gold + chrysolithe.](Min.)A mineral, composed of silica, magnesia, and iron, of a yellow to green color. It is common in certain volcanic rocks; -- called also olivine and peridot. Sometimes used as a gem. The name was also early used for yellow varieties of tourmaline and topaz. 1913 Webster]
Chry*sol"o*gy(?), n.[Gr. chryso`s gold + -logy.]That branch of political economy which relates to the production of wealth. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chrys*o"pa(?), n.[NL., from Gr. chryso`s gold + (Zo\'94l.)A genus of neuropterous insects. See Lacewing. 1913 Webster]
Chrys"o*phane(?), n.[Gr. chryso`s gold + (Chem.)A glucoside extracted from rhubarb as a bitter, yellow, crystalline powder, and yielding chrysophanic acid on decomposition. 1913 Webster]
Chrys`o*phan"ic(?), a.Pertaining to, or derived from, or resembling, chrysophane. 1913 Webster]
Chrysophanic acid(Chem.), a yellow crystalline substance extracted from rhubarb, yellow dock, sienna, chrysarobin, etc., and shown to be a derivative of an anthracene. It is used in the treatment of skin diseases; -- called also rhein, rheic acid, rhubarbarin, etc. 1913 Webster]
Chrysophrysn.a genus of fishes consisting of the australian snapper. Syn. -- genus Chrysophrys. WordNet 1.5]
Chrysophyceaen.a class of yellow-green algae, all of which have flagella of unequal length. Syn. -- class Chrysophyceae, Heterokontae, class Heterokontae. WordNet 1.5]
Chrysophyllumn.a genus of tropical American evergreen trees or shrubs. Syn. -- genus Chrysophyllum. WordNet 1.5]
Chrysophytan.a division of mostly freshwater eukaryotic algae having the chlorophyll masked by brown or yellow pigment; yellow-green and golden-brown algae and diatoms, including the Xanthophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Bacillariophyceae; some some classification systems superseded or subsumed by Heterokontophyta. Syn. -- division Chrysophyta. WordNet 1.5]
chrysopidn.a pale green unpleasant-smelling lacewing fly having carnivorous larvae. Syn. -- green lacewing, stink fly. WordNet 1.5]
Chrysopidaen.a natural family of flies comprising the green lacewings. Syn. -- family Chrysopidae. WordNet 1.5]
Chrys"o*prase(?), n.[OE. crisopace, OF. crisoprace, F. chrysoprase, L. chrysoprasus, fr. Gr. chryso`s gold + (Min.)An apple-green variety of chalcedony, colored by nickel. It has a dull flinty luster, and is sometimes used in jewelry. 1913 Webster]
Chrys"o*sperm(?), n.[Gr. chryso`s gold + The seed of gold; a means of creating gold. [Obs.] B. Jonson. 1913 Webster]
Chrysospleniumn.a genus of widely distributed semiaquatic herbs with minute greenish-yellow apetalous flowers. Syn. -- genus Chrysosplenium. WordNet 1.5]
Chrysothamnusn.a genus of low branching shrubs of West North America. Syn. -- genus Chrysothamnus. WordNet 1.5]
Chrys"o*type(?), n.[Gr. chryso`s gold + -type.]1.A photographic picture taken upon paper prepared by the use of a sensitive salt of iron and developed by the application of chloride of gold.Abney. 1913 Webster]
2.2process, invented by Sir J.Herschel. 1913 Webster]
Chtho"ni*an(?), a.[Gr. Designating, or pertaining to, gods or spirits of the underworld; esp., relating to the underworld gods of the Greeks, whose worship is widely considered as more primitive in form than that of the Olympian gods. The characteristics of chthonian worship are propitiatory and magical rites and generalized or euphemistic names of the deities, which are supposed to have been primarily ghosts. Syn. -- chthonic, lower, nether. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Chthon"ic(?), a.[Gr. Pertaining to the earth; earthy; as, chthonic religions. 1913 Webster]
[The] chthonic character of the wife of Zeus.Max M\'81ller. 1913 Webster]
{ \'d8Chthon`o*pha"gi*a(?), Chtho*noph"a*gy(?), }n.[NL. chthonophagia; Gr. A disease characterized by an irresistible desire to eat earth, observed in some parts of the southern United States, the West Indies, etc. 1913 Webster]
Chub(?), n.[This word seems to signify a large or thick fish. Cf. Sw. kubb a short and thick piece of wood, and perh. F. chabot chub.](Zo\'94l.)A species to fresh-water fish of the Cyprinid\'91 or Carp family. The common European species is Leuciscus cephalus; the cheven. In America the name is applied to various fishes of the same family, of the genera Semotilus, Squalius, Ceratichthys, etc., and locally to several very different fishes, as the tautog, black bass, etc. 1913 Webster]
Chub mackerel(Zo\'94l.), a species of mackerel (Scomber colias) in some years found in abundance on the Atlantic coast, but absent in others; -- called also bull mackerel, thimble-eye, and big-eye mackerel. --
Chub sucker(Zo\'94l.), a fresh-water fish of the United States (Erimyzon sucetta); -- called also creekfish. 1913 Webster]
Chub"bed(?), a.Chubby. [R.] H. Brooke. 1913 Webster]
Chub"bed*ness, n.The state of being chubby. 1913 Webster]
Chub"by(?), a.Like a chub; plump, short, and thick. \'bdChubby faces.\'b8 I. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
Chub"-faced`(?), a.Having a plump, short face. 1913 Webster]
Chuck(ch, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Chucked(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chucking.][Imitative of the sound.]1.To make a noise resembling that of a hen when she calls her chickens; to cluck. 1913 Webster]
2.To chuckle; to laugh. [R.] Marston. 1913 Webster]
Chuck, v. t.To call, as a hen her chickens.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Chuck, n.1.The chuck or call of a hen. 1913 Webster]
2.A sudden, small noise. 1913 Webster]
3.A word of endearment; -- corrupted from chick. \'bdPray, chuck, come hither.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Chuck, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chucked(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chucking.][F. choquer to strike. Cf. Shock, v. t.]1.To strike gently; to give a gentle blow to. 1913 Webster]
Chucked the barmaid under the chin.W. Irving. 1913 Webster]
2.To toss or throw smartly out of the hand; to pitch. [Colloq.] \'bdMahomet Ali will just be chucked into the Nile.\'b8 Lord Palmerson. 1913 Webster]
3.(Mech.)To place in a chuck, or hold by means of a chuck, as in turning; to bore or turn (a hole) in a revolving piece held in a chuck. 1913 Webster]
Chuck, n.1.A slight blow or pat under the chin. 1913 Webster]
2.A short throw; a toss. 1913 Webster]
3.(Mach.)A contrivance or machine fixed to the mandrel of a lathe, for holding a tool or the material to be operated upon. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 255 -->
Chuck farthing, a play in which a farthing is pitched into a hole; pitch farthing. --
Chuck hole, a deep hole in a wagon rut. --
Elliptic chuck, a chuck having a slider and an eccentric circle, which, as the work turns round, give it a sliding motion across the center which generates an ellipse.Knight. 1913 Webster]
Chuck(ch, n.1.A small pebble; -- called also chuckstone and chuckiestone. [Scot.] 1913 Webster]
2.pl.A game played with chucks, in which one or more are tossed up and caught; jackstones. [Scot.] 1913 Webster]
Chuck, n.A piece of the backbone of an animal, from between the neck and the collar bone, with the adjoining parts, cut for cooking; as, a chuck steak; a chuck roast. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
chucker-outn.a person whose duty is to throw troublemakers out of a bar or public meeting; a bouncer{5}. Syn. -- bouncer. WordNet 1.5]
chuck"hole`n.a pit or hole produced by wear or weathering especially in a road surface. Syn. -- pothole. WordNet 1.5]
Chuc"kle(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Chuckled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chuckling(?).][From 1st Chuck.]1.To call, as a hen her chickens; to cluck. [Obs.] Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.To fondle; to cocker. [Obs.] Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Chuc"kle, n.A short, suppressed laugh; the expression of satisfaction, exultation, or derision. 1913 Webster]
Chuc"kle, v. i.[From 1st Chuck.]To laugh in a suppressed or broken manner, as expressing inward satisfaction, exultation, or derision. 1913 Webster]
Chuc"kle*head`(?), n.A person with a large head; a numskull; a dunce. [Low] Knowles. 1913 Webster]
Chuc"kle*head`ed, a.Having a large head; thickheaded; dull; stupid.Smart. 1913 Webster]
Chuck`-Will's-wid"ow(?), n.(Zool.)A large whippoorwill-like bird (a species of goatsucker) (Caprimulgus carolinensis, formerly Antrostomus Carolinensis), of the southern United States; -- so called from its note. 1913 Webster]
Chud(?), v. t.[Cf. Chew, Cud.]To champ; to bite. [Obs.] A. Stafford. 1913 Webster]
Chu"et(?), n.[From Chew, v. t.]Minced meat. [Obs.] Bacon. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chu"fa(?), n.[Sp.](Bot.)A sedgelike plant (Cyperus esculentus) producing edible tubers, native about the Mediterranean, now cultivated in many regions; the earth almond. 1913 Webster]
Chuff(?), n.[Perh. a modification of chub: cf. W. cyff stock, stump.]A coarse or stupid fellow.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Chuff"i*ness, n.The quality of being chuffy. 1913 Webster]
Chuff"y(?), a.1.Fat or puffed out in the cheeks. 1913 Webster]
2.Rough; clownish; surly. 1913 Webster]
Chu"lan(?), n.(Bot.)The fragrant flowers of the Chloranthus inconspicuus, used in China for perfuming tea. 1913 Webster]
Chum(ch, n.[Perh. a contraction fr. comrade or chamber fellow: cf. also AS. cuma a comer, guest.]A roommate, especially in a college or university; an old and intimate friend. 1913 Webster]
New chum, a recent immigrant. [Australia] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Chum, v. i.[imp. p. p.Chummed(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Chumming.]To occupy a chamber with another; as, to chum together at college. [U. S.] 1913 Webster]
Chum, n.Chopped pieces of fish used as bait. [U. S.] 1913 Webster]
chummyadj.1.having the relationship of friends or pals. [colloquial] Syn. -- matey, pally, palsy-walsy. WordNet 1.5]
2.associated on close terms. [informal] Syn. -- thick(predicate). WordNet 1.5]
Chump(ch, n.[Cf. Icel. kumbr a chopping, E. chop.]1.A short, thick, heavy piece of wood.Morton. 1913 Webster]
2.a stupid person; a fool; a dolt; also, a dupe. PJC]
Chump end, the thick end; as, the chump end of a joint of meat.Dickens. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chu*nam"(ch, n.[Hind. ch\'d4n\'be, from Skr. c\'d4r\'c9a powder, dust; or a Dravidian word.]Quicklime; also, plaster or mortar. [India] Whitworth. 1913 Webster]
Chunk(ch, n.[Cf. Chump.]A short, thick piece of anything. [Colloq. U. S. & Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Chunk"y(ch, a.Short and thick. [U. S.] Kane. 1913 Webster]
Chu*pat"ty(?), n.; pl. -ties(#). [Hind. chap\'bet\'c6.]A kind of griddlecake of unleavened bread, used among the natives of India. [Anglo-Indian] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
{ Chu*pras"syChu*pras"sie }(?), n.[Hind. chapr\'bess\'c6, fr. chapr\'bes badge.]A messenger or servant wearing an official badge. [Anglo-Indian] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Church(ch, n.[OE. chirche, chireche, cherche, Scot. kirk, from AS. circe, cyrice; akin to D. kerk, Icel. kirkja, Sw. kyrka, Dan. kirke, G. kirche, OHG. chirihha; all fr. Gr. kyriako`n the Lord's house, fr. kyriako`s concerning a master or lord, fr. ky`rios master, lord, fr. ky^ros power, might; akin to Skr. \'87\'d4ra hero, Zend. \'87ura strong, OIr. caur, cur, hero. Cf. Kirk.] 1913 Webster]
1.A building set apart for Christian worship. 1913 Webster]
2.A Jewish or heathen temple. [Obs.] Acts xix. 37. 1913 Webster]
3.A formally organized body of Christian believers worshiping together. \'bdWhen they had ordained them elders in every church.\'b8 Acts xiv. 23. 1913 Webster]
4.A body of Christian believers, holding the same creed, observing the same rites, and acknowledging the same ecclesiastical authority; a denomination; as, the Roman Catholic church; the Presbyterian church. 1913 Webster]
5.The collective body of Christians. 1913 Webster]
6.Any body of worshipers; as, the Jewish church; the church of Brahm. 1913 Webster]
7.The aggregate of religious influences in a community; ecclesiastical influence, authority, etc.; as, to array the power of the church against some moral evil. 1913 Webster]
Remember that both church and state are properly the rulers of the people, only because they are their benefactors.Bulwer. 1913 Webster]
Church is often used in composition to denote something belonging or relating to the church; as, church authority; church history; church member; church music, etc. 1913 Webster]
Apostolic church. See under Apostolic. --
Broad church. See Broad Church. --
Catholic churchor
Universal church, the whole body of believers in Christ throughout the world. --
Church of England, or
English church, the Episcopal church established and endowed in England by law. --
Church living, a benefice in an established church. --
Church militant. See under Militant. --
Church owl(Zo\'94l.), the white owl. See Barn owl. --
Church rate, a tax levied on parishioners for the maintenance of the church and its services. --
Church session. See under Session. --
Church triumphant. See under Triumphant. --
Church work, work on, or in behalf of, a church; the work of a particular church for the spread of religion. --
Established church, the church maintained by the civil authority; a state church. 1913 Webster]
Church, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Churched(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Churching.]To bless according to a prescribed form, or to unite with in publicly returning thanks in church, as after deliverance from the dangers of childbirth; as, the churching of women. 1913 Webster]
Church"-ale`(?), n.A church or parish festival (as in commemoration of the dedication of a church), at which much ale was used.Wright. Nares. 1913 Webster]
Church"-bench`(?), n.A seat in the porch of a church.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Church"dom(?), n.The institution, government, or authority of a church. [R.] Bp. Pearson. 1913 Webster]
Church"go`er(?), n.One who attends church. 1913 Webster]
The sound of the churchgoing bell.Cowper. 1913 Webster]
Church"-haw`(?), n.[Church + haw a yard.]Churchyard. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Church"ism(?), n.Strict adherence to the forms or principles of some church organization; sectarianism. 1913 Webster]
Church"less(?), a.Without a church.T. Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Church"like`(?), a.Befitting a church or a churchman; becoming to a clergyman.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Church"li*ness(?), n.Regard for the church. 1913 Webster]
Church"ly, a.Pertaining to, or suitable for, the church; ecclesiastical. 1913 Webster]
Church"man(?), n.; pl.Churchmen(#).1.An ecclesiastic or clergyman. 1913 Webster]
2.An Episcopalian, or a member of the Established Church of England. \'bdA zealous churchman.\'b8 Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
3.One was is attached to, or attends, church. 1913 Webster]
Church"man*ly, a.Pertaining to, or becoming, a churchman.Milman. 1913 Webster]
Church"man*ship, n.The state or quality of being a churchman; attachment to the church. 1913 Webster]
Church" modes`(?). (Mus.)The modes or scales used in ancient church music. See Gregorian. 1913 Webster]
Church"ship, n.State of being a church.South. 1913 Webster]
Church"ward`en(?), n.1.One of the officers (usually two) in an Episcopal church, whose duties vary in different dioceses, but always include the provision of what is necessary for the communion service. 1913 Webster]
2.A clay tobacco pipe, with a long tube. [Slang, Eng.] 1913 Webster]
There was a small wooden table placed in front of the smoldering fire, with decanters, a jar of tobacco, and two long churchwardens.W. Black. 1913 Webster]
Church"ward`en*ship, n.The office of a churchwarden. 1913 Webster]
Church"y, a.Relating to a church; unduly fond of church forms. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
Church"yard`(?), n.The ground adjoining a church, in which the dead are buried; a cemetery. 1913 Webster]
Churl(?), n.[AS. ceorl a freeman of the lowest rank, man, husband; akin to D. karel, kerel, G. kerl, Dan. & Sw. karl, Icel. karl, and to the E. proper name Charles (orig., man, male), and perh. to Skr. j\'bera lover. Cf. Carl, Charles's Wain.]1.A rustic; a countryman or laborer. \'bdA peasant or churl.\'b8 Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Your rank is all reversed; let men of cloth churls in overalls.Emerson. 1913 Webster]
2.A rough, surly, ill-bred man; a boor. 1913 Webster]
A churl's courtesy rarely comes, but either for gain or falsehood.Sir P. Sidney. 1913 Webster]
3.A selfish miser; an illiberal person; a niggard. 1913 Webster]
Like to some rich churl hoarding up his pelf.Drayton. 1913 Webster]
Half mankind maintain a churlish strife.Cowper. 1913 Webster]
2.Wanting pliancy; unmanageable; unyielding; not easily wrought; as, a churlish soil; the churlish and intractable nature of some minerals.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
Churl"ish*ly, adv.In a churlish manner. 1913 Webster]
Churl"ish*ness, n.Rudeness of manners or temper; lack of kindness or courtesy. 1913 Webster]
The churme of a thousand taunts and reproaches.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Churn(ch, n.[OE. chirne, cherne, AS. ceren, cyrin; akin to D. karn, Dan. kierne. See Churn, v. t.]A vessel in which milk or cream is stirred, beaten, or otherwise agitated (as by a plunging or revolving dasher) in order to separate the oily globules from the other parts, and obtain butter. 1913 Webster]
Churn, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Churned(ch; p. pr. & vb. n.Churning.][OE. chernen, AS. cernan; akin to LG. karnen, G. kernen, D. karnen, Dan. kierne, Sw. k\'84rna, and also to E. corn, kernel, the meaning coming from the idea of extracting the kernel or marrow. See Kernel.]1.To stir, beat, or agitate, as milk or cream in a churn, in order to make butter. 1913 Webster]
2.To shake or agitate with violence. 1913 Webster]
Churned in his teeth, the foamy venom rose.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Churn, v. i.To perform the operation of churning. 1913 Webster]
churned-upadj.agitated vigorously; -- of a liquid. Syn. -- churning, roiling, roiled, roily, turbulent. WordNet 1.5]
Churn"ing, n.1.The act of one who churns. 1913 Webster]
2.The quantity of butter made at one operation. 1913 Webster]
Churr(?), n.[Cf. Chirr.]A vibrant or whirring noise such as that made by some insects, as the cockchafer, or by some birds, as the nightjar, the partridge, etc. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Churr, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Churred(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Churr"ing.]To make a churr, as a cockchafer.
That's the churring of the nightjar.Hall Caine. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Churr, v. t.To utter by churring. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
\'d8Chur"rus(?), n.[Hind. charas.]A powerfully narcotic and intoxicating gum resin which exudes from the flower heads, seeds, etc., of Indian hemp. 1913 Webster]
Churr"worm`(?), n.[AS. cyrran, cerran, to turn.](Zo\'94l.)An insect that turns about nimbly; the mole cricket; -- called also fan cricket.Johnson. 1913 Webster]
Chuse(?), v. t.See Choose. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Chute(?), n.[F. chute, prop. a fall.]1.A framework, trough, or tube, upon or through which objects are made to slide from a higher to a lower level, or through which water passes to a wheel. 1913 Webster]
2.See Shoot. 1913 Webster]
{ Chut"ney(?), Chut"nee(?), }n.[Hind. chatn\'c6.]1.A warm or spicy condiment or pickle made in India, compounded of various vegetable substances, such as chopped fruits or green tomatoes, etc., often cooked with sweets and acids such as sugar and vinegar, with ginger and spices. Syn. -- Indian relish. 1913 Webster + WordNet 1.5]
chutzpa, chutzpahn.[Yiddish khutzpa.]aggressive boldness or unmitigated effrontery; gall; as, he had the chutzpah to question my decision.[Also spelled hutzpa, and hutzpah.] Syn. -- audacity, audaciousness. WordNet 1.5]
Chy*la"ceous(?), a.(Physiol.)Possessed of the properties of chyle; consisting of chyle. 1913 Webster]
Chy*la"que*ous(?), a.[Chyle + aqueous.](Zo\'94l.)Consisting of chyle much diluted with water; -- said of a liquid which forms the circulating fluid of some inferior animals. 1913 Webster]
Chyle(?), n.[NL. chylus, Gr. chyle; prob. akin to E. fuse to melt.](Physiol.)A milky fluid containing the fatty matter of the food in a state of emulsion, or fine mechanical division; formed from chyme by the action of the intestinal juices. It is absorbed by the lacteals, and conveyed into the blood by the thoracic duct. 1913 Webster]
Chyl`i*fac"tion(?), n.[Chyle + L. facere to make.](Physiol.)The act or process by which chyle is formed from food in animal bodies; chylification, -- a digestive process. 1913 Webster]
Chyl`i*fac"tive(?), a.(Physiol.)Producing, or converting into, chyle; having the power to form chyle. 1913 Webster]
chylifactoryadj.producing or converting into chyle. Syn. -- chylific, chylifactive. WordNet 1.5]
Chy*lif"er*ous(?), a.[Chyle + -ferous: cf. F. chylif\'8are.](Physiol.)Transmitting or conveying chyle; as, chyliferous vessels. 1913 Webster]
Chy*lif"ic(?), a.Chylifactive. 1913 Webster]
Chyl`i*fi*ca"tion(?), n.(Physiol.)The formation of chyle. See Chylifaction. 1913 Webster]
Chy"li*fy(?), v. t. & i.[Chyle + -ly.](Physiol.)To make chyle of; to be converted into chyle. 1913 Webster]
Chy`lo*po*et"ic(?), a.[Gr. chylopoiei^n to make into juice, chylo`s juice, chyle + poiei^n to make.](Physiol.)Concerned in the formation of chyle; as, the chylopoetic organs. 1913 Webster]
Chy"lous(?), a.[Cf. F. chyleux.](Physiol.)Consisting of, or similar to, chyle. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Chy*lu"ri*a(?), n.[NL. from Gr. (Med.)A morbid condition in which the urine contains chyle or fatty matter, giving it a milky appearance. 1913 Webster]
Chyme(?), n.[L. chymus chyle, Gr. chyme. See Chyle.](Physiol.)The pulpy mass of semi-digested food in the small intestines just after its passage from the stomach. It is separated in the intestines into chyle and excrement. See Chyle. 1913 Webster]
Chy*mif"er*ous(?), a.[Chyme + -ferous.](Physiol.)Bearing or containing chyme. 1913 Webster]
Chym`i*fi*ca"tion(?), n.[Chyme + L. facere to make: cf. F. Chymification.](Physiol.)The conversion of food into chyme by the digestive action of gastric juice. 1913 Webster]
Chym"i*fy(?), v. t.[Chyme + -fy: cf. F. chymifier.](Physiol.)To form into chyme. 1913 Webster]
Chy"mous(?), a.Of or pertaining to chyme. 1913 Webster]
Chy*om"e*ter(?), n.[Gr. -meter.](Chem.)An instrument for measuring liquids. It consists of a piston moving in a tube in which is contained the liquid, the quantity expelled being indicated by the graduation upon the piston rod. 1913 Webster]
Ci*ba"tion(?), n.[L. cibatio, fr. cibare to feed.]1.The act of taking food. 1913 Webster]
2.(Alchemy)The process or operation of feeding the contents of the crucible with fresh material.B. Jonson. 1913 Webster]
Cib"ol(?), n.[F. ciboule, LL. cepula, cepola, dim. of L. cepa, caepa, caepe, an onion. Cf. Chibbal, Cives.]A perennial alliaceous plant (Allium fistulosum), sometimes called Welsh onion. Its fistular leaves areused in cookery. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ci*bo"ri*um(?), n.: pl.Ciboria(#).[LL., fr. L. ciborium a cup, fr. Gr. 1.(Arch.)A canopy usually standing free and supported on four columns, covering the high altar, or, very rarely, a secondary altar. 1913 Webster]
2.(R. C. Ch.)The coffer or case in which the host is kept; the pyx. 1913 Webster]
Ci*ca"da(s, n.; pl. E. Cicadas(-d, L. Cicad\'91(-d.[L.](Zo\'94l.)Any species of the genus Cicada or of the family Cicadidae. They are large hemipterous insects, with nearly transparent wings. The male makes a shrill sound by peculiar organs in the under side of the abdomen, consisting of a pair of stretched membranes, acted upon by powerful muscles. A noted American species (Cicada septendecim) is called the seventeen year locust. Another common species is the dogday cicada. Syn. -- cicala.
[1913 Webster]
Cicadellidaen.a natural family comprising the leafhoppers. Syn. -- family Cicadellidae. WordNet 1.5]
Cicadidaen.a family of insects comprising the cicadas. Syn. -- family Cicadidae. WordNet 1.5]
\'d8Ci*ca"la(ch, n.[It., fr. L. cicada.]A cicada. See Cicada. \'bdAt eve a dry cicala sung.\'b8 Tennison. 1913 Webster]
Cic"a*trice(?), n.[F., fr. L. cicatrix.]A cicatrix. 1913 Webster]
Cic`a*tri"cial(?), a.(Med.)Relating to, or having the character of, a cicatrix.Dunglison. 1913 Webster]
Cic"a*tri`cle(?), n.[Cf. F. cicatricule, fr. L. cicatricula a small scar, fr. cicatrix a scar.](Biol.)The germinating point in the embryo of a seed; the point in the yolk of an egg at which development begins. 1913 Webster]
Cic"a*tri`sive(?), a.Tending to promote the formation of a cicatrix; good for healing of a wound. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 256 -->
\'d8Ci*ca"trix(?), n.; pl.Cicatrices(#).[L.](Med.)The pellicle which forms over a wound or breach of continuity and completes the process of healing in the latter, and which subsequently contracts and becomes white, forming the scar. 1913 Webster]
Cic"a*tri`zant(?), n.[Cf. F. cicatrisant, properly p. pr. of cicatriser.](Med.)A medicine or application that promotes the healing of a sore or wound, or the formation of a cicatrix. 1913 Webster]
Cic`a*tri*za"tion(?), n.[Cf. F. cicatrisation.](Med.)The process of forming a cicatrix, or the state of being cicatrized. 1913 Webster]
Cic"a*trize(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Cicatrized(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Cicatrizing.][Cf. F. cicatriser, fr. cicatrice, L. cicatrix, scar.](Med.)To heal or induce the formation of a cicatrix in, as in wounded or ulcerated flesh.Wiseman. 1913 Webster]
Cic"a*trize, v. i.(Med.)To heal; to have a new skin. 1913 Webster]
Cic"a*trose`(?), a.Full of scars.Craig. 1913 Webster]
Cic"e*ly(?), n.[L. seselis, Gr. (Bot.)Any one of several umbelliferous plants, of the genera Myrrhis, Osmorrhiza, etc. 1913 Webster]
Cic"e*ro(?), n.(Print.)Pica type; -- so called by French printers. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ci`ce*ro"ne(?), n.; pl. It. Ciceroni(#), E. Cicerones(#).[It., fr. L. Cicero, the Roman orator. So called from the ordinary talkativeness of such a guide.]One who shows strangers the curiosities of a place; a guide. 1913 Webster]
Every glib and loquacious hireling who shows strangers about their picture galleries, palaces, and ruins, is termed by them [the Italians] a cicerone, or a Cicero.Trench. 1913 Webster]
Cic`e*ro"ni*an(?), a.[L. Ciceronianus, fr. Cicero, the orator.]Resembling Cicero in style or action; eloquent. 1913 Webster]
Cic`e*ro"ni*an*ism(?), n.Imitation of, or resemblance to, the style or action Cicero; a Ciceronian phrase or expression. \'bdGreat study in Ciceronianism, the chief abuse of Oxford.\'b8 Sir P. Sidney. 1913 Webster]
Cich`o*ra"ceous(?), a.[See Chicory.]Belonging to, or resembling, a suborder of composite plants of which the chicory (Cichorium) is the type. 1913 Webster]
Ci*cis"be*ism(?), n.The state or conduct of a cicisbeo. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ci`cis*be"o(?), n.; pl. It. Cicisbei(#).[It.]1.A professed admirer of a married woman; a dangler about women. 1913 Webster]
2.A knot of silk or ribbon attached to a fan, walking stick, etc. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Cic"la*toun`(?), n.[Of. ciclaton.]A costly cloth, of uncertain material, used in the Middle Ages. [Obs.] [Written also checklaton, chekelatoun.] 1913 Webster]
His robe was of ciclatoun, Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Ciconiidaen.a natural family of birds comprising the storks. Syn. -- family Ciconiidae. WordNet 1.5]
Ciconiiformesn.an order of chiefly tropical marsh-dwelling fish-eating wading birds with long legs and bills and (except for flamingos) unwebbed feet, including the herons; storks; spoonbills; flamingos; and ibises. Syn. -- order Ciconiiformes. WordNet 1.5]
Cic"u*rate(?), v. t.[L. cicurare to tame, fr. cicur tame.]To tame. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Cic`u*ra"tion(?), n.[Cf. F. cicuration.]The act of taming. [Obs.] Ray. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ci*cu"ta(?), n.[L., the poison hemlock.](Bot.)a genus of poisonous umbelliferous plants, of which the water hemlock or cowbane is best known. 1913 Webster]
cicuta is sometimes erroneously applied to Conium maculatum, or officinal hemlock. 1913 Webster]
Cic`u*tox"in(?), n.(Chem.)The active principle of the water hemlock (Cicuta) extracted as a poisonous gummy substance. 1913 Webster]
Cid(?), n.[Sp., fr. Ar. seid lord.] 1913 Webster]
1.Chief or commander; in Spanish literature, a title of Ruy Diaz, Count of Bivar, a champion of Christianity and of the old Spanish royalty, in the 11th century. 1913 Webster]
2.An epic poem, which celebrates the exploits of the Spanish national hero, Ruy Diaz. 1913 Webster]
Ci"der(?), n.[F. cidre, OF. sidre, fr. L. sicera a kind of strong drink, Gr. sh\'bekar to be intoxicated, sh\'c7k\'ber strong drink.]The expressed juice of apples. It is used as a beverage, for making vinegar, and for other purposes. 1913 Webster]
Cider was formerly used to signify the juice of other fruits, and other kinds of strong liquor, but was not applied to wine. 1913 Webster]
Cider brandy, a kind of brandy distilled from cider. --
Cider mill, a mill in which cider is made. --
Cider press, the press of a cider mill. 1913 Webster]
Ci`der*ist, n.A maker of cider. [Obs.] Mortimer. 1913 Webster]
Ci"der*kin(?), n.[Cider + -kin.]A kind of weak cider made by steeping the refuse pomace in water. 1913 Webster]
Ciderkin is made for common drinking, and supplies the place of small beer.Mortimer. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ci`-de*vant"(?), a.[F., hitherto, formerly.]Former; previous; of times gone by; as, a ci-devant governor. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cierge(?), n.[F., fr. L. cera wax.]A wax candle used in religous rites. 1913 Webster]
Ci*gar"(s, n.[Sp. cigarro, orig., a kind of tobacco in the island of Cuba: cf. F. cigare.]A small roll of tobacco, used for smoking. 1913 Webster]
cigaretn.same as cigarette. Syn. -- cigarette, fag. WordNet 1.5]
Cig`a*rette"(?), n.[F. cigarette.]A little cigar; a little fine tobacco rolled in paper for smoking.[Also spelled cigaret.] Syn. -- cigarette, fag, weed. 1913 Webster]
Cigar fish, cigarfishn.(Zo\'94l.)a small fusiform fish (Decapterus punctatus), allied to the mackerel, found in the West Atlantic and on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Syn. -- round scad, quiaquia, Decapterus punctatus. 1913 Webster + WordNet 1.5]
cigarillon.a small cigar or cigarette wrapped in tobacco instead of paper. WordNet 1.5]
ci`gar"-shaped`(s, adj.cylindrical, tapering at each end; having the shape of a cigar. Syn. -- fusiform, spindle-shaped. WordNet 1.5]
cilantron.1.an Old World herb (Coriandrum sativum) with aromatic parsleylike leaves and seed. Syn. -- coriander, coriander plant, Chinese parsley, Coriandrum sativum. WordNet 1.5]
2.a parsleylike herb used as seasoning or garnish. Syn. -- coriander, Chinese parsley. WordNet 1.5]
\'d8Cil"i*a(?), n. pl.Cilium, the sing., is rarely used.[L. cilium eyelid.]1.(Anat.)The eyelashes. 1913 Webster]
2.(Biol.)Small, generally microscopic, vibrating appendages lining certain organs, as the air passages of the higher animals, and in the lower animals often covering also the whole or a part of the exterior. They are also found on some vegetable organisms. In the Infusoria, and many larval forms, they are locomotive organs. 1913 Webster]
3.(Bot.)Hairlike processes, commonly marginal and forming a fringe like the eyelash. 1913 Webster]
4.(Zo\'94l.)Small, vibratory, swimming organs, somewhat resembling true cilia, as those of Ctenophora. 1913 Webster]
cilialadj.of or pertaining to a cilium or cilia. WordNet 1.5]
Cil"ia*ry(?), a.[Cf. F. ciliaire.] 1913 Webster]
1.(Anat.)Pertaining to the cilia, or eyelashes. Also applied to special parts of the eye itself; as, the ciliary processes of the choroid coat; the ciliary muscle, etc. 1913 Webster]
2.(Biol.)Pertaining to or connected with the cilia in animal or vegetable organisms; as, ciliary motion. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cil`i*a"ta(?), n. pl.[NL. See Cilia.](Zo\'94l.)One of the orders of Infusoria, characterized by having cilia. In some species the cilia cover the body generally, in others they form a band around the mouth. 1913 Webster]
{ Cil"i*ate(?), Cil"i*a`ted(?), }a.Provided with, or surrounded by, cilia; as, a ciliate leaf; endowed with vibratory motion; as, the ciliated epithelium of the windpipe. 1913 Webster]
Cil"ice(?), n.[F. See Cilicious.]A kind of haircloth undergarment.Southey. 1913 Webster]
Ci*li"cian(?), a.Of or pertaining to Cilicia in Asia Minor. -- n.A native or inhabitant of Cilicia. 1913 Webster]
Ci*li"cious(?), a.[L. cilicium a covering, orig. made of Cilician goat's hair, fr. Cilicious Cilician, fr. Cilicia, a province of Asia Minor.]Made, or consisting, of hair. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
A Cilicious or sackcloth habit.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
{ Cil"i*form(?), Cil"i*i*form`(?), }a.[Cilium + -form]Having the form of cilia; very fine or slender. 1913 Webster]
Cil"i*o*grade(?), a.[Cilium + L. gradi to step: cf. F. ciliograde.](Zo\'94l.)Moving by means of cilia, or cilialike organs; as, the ciliograde Medus\'91. 1913 Webster]
Cill(?), n.See Sill., n. a foundation. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cil*lo"sis(?), n.[NL., fr. L. cilium eyelid.](Med.)A spasmodic trembling of the upper eyelid. 1913 Webster]
Ci"ma(?), n.(Arch.)A kind of molding. See Cyma. 1913 Webster]
Ci*mar"(?), n.See Simar. 1913 Webster]
Cim"bal(?), n.[It. ciambella.]A kind of confectionery or cake. [Obs.] Nares. 1913 Webster]
Cim"bi*a(?), n.(Arch.)A fillet or band placed around the shaft of a column as if to strengthen it.[Written also cimia.] 1913 Webster]
Cim"bri*an(?), a.Of or pertaining to the Cimbri. -- n.One of the Cimbri. See Cimbric. 1913 Webster]
Cim"bric(?), a.Pertaining to the Cimbri, an ancient tribe inhabiting Northern Germany. -- n.The language of the Cimbri. 1913 Webster]
Ci*me"li*arch(?), n.[L. cimeliarcha, Gr. A superintendent or keeper of a church's valuables; a churchwarden. [Obs.] Bailey. 1913 Webster]
Cim"e*ter(?), n.See Scimiter. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ci"mex(?), n.; pl.Cimices(#).[L., a bug.](Zo\'94l.)A genus of hemipterous insects of which the bedbug is the best known example. See Bedbug. 1913 Webster]
Cim"i*a(?), n.(Arch.)See Cimbia. 1913 Webster]
Cimicifugan.a small genus of perennial herbs of N temperate regions: bugbane. Syn. -- genus Cimicifuga. WordNet 1.5]
Cim*me"ri*an(?), a.[L. Cimmerius.][Written also Kimmerian.]1.Pertaining to the Cimmerii, a fabulous people, said to have lived, in very ancient times, in profound and perpetual darkness. 1913 Webster]
2.Without any light; intensely dark. 1913 Webster]
In dark Cimmerian desert ever dwell.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Cim"o*lite(?), n.[Gr. Cimolus, an island of the Cyclades.](Min.)A soft, earthy, clayey mineral, of whitish or grayish color. 1913 Webster]
Cinch(?), n.[Sp. cincha, fr. L. cingere to gird.] 1913 Webster]
1.A strong saddle girth, as of canvas. [West. U. S.] 1913 Webster]
2.A tight grip. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
Cinch, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Cinched(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Cinch"ing.]1.To put a cinch upon; to girth tightly. [Western U. S.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.To get a sure hold upon; to get into a tight place, as for forcing submission. [Slang, U. S.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Cinch, v. i.To perform the action of cinching; to tighten the cinch; -- often with up. [Western U. S.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Cinch, n.[Cf. cinch a girth, a tight grip, as v., to get a sure hold upon; perh. so named from the tactics used in the game; also cf. Sp. cinco five (the five spots of the color of the trump being important cards).]A variety of auction pitch in which a draw to improve the hand is added, and the five of trumps (called right pedro) and the five of the same color (called left pedro, and ranking between the five and the four of trumps) each count five on the score. Fifty-one points make a game. Called also double pedro and high five. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Cinch, v. t.In the game of cinch, to protect (a trick) by playing a higher trump than the five. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Cin*cho"na(?), n.[So named from the wife of Count Chinchon, viceroy of Peru in the seventeenth century, who by its use was freed from an intermittent fever, and after her return to Spain, contributed to the general propagation of this remedy.]1.(Bot.)A genus of trees growing naturally on the Andes in Peru and adjacent countries, but now cultivated in the East Indies, producing a medicinal bark of great value. 1913 Webster]
2.(Med.)The bark of any species of Cinchona containing three per cent. or more of bitter febrifuge alkaloids; Peruvian bark; Jesuits' bark.<-- C. should be capitalized. --> 1913 Webster]
Cin`cho*na"ceous(?), a.Allied or pertaining to cinchona, or to the plants that produce it. 1913 Webster]
Cin*chon"ic(?), a.Belonging to, or obtained from, cinchona.Mayne. 1913 Webster]
Cin*chon"i*dine(?), n.[From Cinchona.](Chem.)One of the quinine group of alkaloids, found especially in red cinchona bark. It is a white crystalline substance, C19H22N2O, with a bitter taste and qualities similar to, but weaker than, quinine; -- sometimes called also cinchonidia. 1913 Webster]
Cin"cho*nine(?), n.[From Cinchona: cf. F. cinchonine.](Chem.)One of the quinine group of alkaloids isomeric with and resembling cinchonidine; -- called also cinchonia. 1913 Webster]
Cin"cho*nism(?), n.[From Cinchona.](Med.)A condition produced by the excessive or long-continued use of quinine, and marked by deafness, roaring in the ears, vertigo, etc. 1913 Webster]
Cin"cho*nize(?), v. t.To produce cinchonism in; to poison with quinine or with cinchona. 1913 Webster]
Cin`cin*na"ti ep"och(?). (Geol.)An epoch at the close of the American lower Silurian system. The rocks are well developed near Cincinnati, Ohio. The group includes the Hudson River and Lorraine shales of New York. 1913 Webster]
Cin*cin"nus(?), n.; pl. -ni(#).[Also cicinus, cicinnus.][L., a curl of hair.](Bot.)A form of monochasium in which the lateral branches arise alternately on opposite sides of the false axis; -- called also scorpioid cyme. -- Cin*cin"nal(#), a. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Cinclidaen.a natural family of birds comprising the water ouzels, also called dippers, which dive under water in flowing streams. Syn. -- family Cinclidae. WordNet 1.5 +PJC]
Cinclusn.the type genus of the bird family Cinclidae. It includes the water ouzels Cinclus aquaticus of Europe and Cinclus mexicanus of western North America. Syn. -- genus Cinclus. WordNet 1.5 +PJC]
Cinc"ture(?), n.[L. cinctura, fr. cingere, cinctum, to gird.]1.A belt, a girdle, or something worn round the body, -- as by an ecclesiastic for confining the alb. 1913 Webster]
2.That which encompasses or incloses; an inclosure. \'bdWithin the cincture of one wall.\'b8 Bacon. 1913 Webster]
3.(Arch.)The fillet, listel, or band next to the apophyge at the extremity of the shaft of a column. 1913 Webster]
Cinc"tured(?), n.Having or wearing a cincture or girdle. 1913 Webster]
Cin"der(s, n.[AS. sinder slag, dross; akin to Icel. sindr dross, Sw. sinder, G. sinter, D. sintel; perh. influenced by F. cendre ashes, fr. L. cinis. Cf. Sinter.]1.Partly burned or vitrified coal, or other combustible, in which fire is extinct. 1913 Webster]
2.A hot coal without flame; an ember.Swift. 1913 Webster]
3.A scale thrown off in forging metal. 1913 Webster]
4.The slag of a furnace, or scoriaceous lava from a volcano. 1913 Webster]
Cinder frame, a framework of wire in front of the tubes of a locomotive, to arrest the escape of cinders. --
Cinder notch(Metal.), the opening in a blast furnace, through which melted cinder flows out. 1913 Webster]
Cin"der*y(?), a.Resembling, or composed of, cinders; full of cinders. 1913 Webster]
Cin`e*fac"tion(?), n.[LL. cinefactio: L. cinis ashes + facere to make: cf. F. cin\'82faction.]incineration; reduction to ashes. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
cine-filmn.photographic film several hundred feet long and wound on a spool, used in a movie camera. Syn. -- motion-picture film, movie film. WordNet 1.5]
cineman.1.the art of creating motion pictures; as, this story would be good cinema; -- often used in the phrase the cinema. Syn. -- the film. WordNet 1.5 +PJC]
2.a theater where motion pictures are shown. Syn. -- movie theater, movie theatre, movie house, picture palace. WordNet 1.5]
2.Of or pertaining to the cinema; as, cinematic entertainment. WordNet 1.5]
Cin`e*mat"ics(?), n. sing.See Kinematics. 1913 Webster]
Cin`e*mat"o*graph(?), n.[Gr. -graph.]1.an older name for a movie projector, a machine, combining magic lantern and kinetoscope features, for projecting on a screen a series of pictures, moved rapidly (25 to 50 frames per second) and intermittently before an objective lens, and producing by persistence of vision the illusion of continuous motion; a moving-picture projector; also, any of several other machines or devices producing moving pictorial effects. Other older names for the movie projector are animatograph, biograph, bioscope, electrograph, electroscope, kinematograph, kinetoscope, veriscope, vitagraph, vitascope, zo\'94gyroscope, zo\'94praxiscope, etc.
The cinematograph, invented by Edison in 1894, is the result of the introduction of the flexible film into photography in place of glass.Encyc. Brit. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.A camera for taking chronophotographs for exhibition by the instrument described above. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Cin`e*ma*tog"ra*pher(?), n.1.One who takes motion pictures with a movie camera, especially one expert in the art. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.one who exhibits motion pictures; an operator of a motion picture projector; a projectionist. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
-- Cin`e*mat`o*graph"ic(#), a. -- Cin`e*mat`o*graph"ic*al*ly(#), adv. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
\'d8Cin`e*ra"ri*a(?), n.[NL., fr. LL. cinerarius pert. to ashes, fr. cinis ashes. So called from the ash-colored down on the leaves.](Bot.)A Linn\'91an genus of free-flowering composite plants, mostly from South Africa. Several species are cultivated for ornament. 1913 Webster]
Cin`er*es"cent(?), a.Somewhat cinereous; of a color somewhat resembling that of wood ashes. 1913 Webster]
Cin`er*i"tious(?), a.[L. cineritius, cinericius, fr. cinis ashes.]Like ashes; having the color of ashes, -- as the cortical substance of the brain. 1913 Webster]
Ci*ner"u*lent(?), a.Full of ashes. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Cin`ga*lese"(?), n. sing. & pl.[Cf. F. Cingalais.]A native or natives of Ceylon descended from its primitive inhabitants; also (sing.), the language of the Cingalese. -- a.Of or pertaining to the Cingalese.[Written also Singhalese.] 1913 Webster]
Ceylonese is applied to the inhabitants of the island in general. 1913 Webster]
Cin"gle(?), n.[L. cingula, cingulum, fr. cingere to gird.]A girth. [R.] See Surcingle. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cin"gu*lum(?), n.[L., a girdle.](Zo\'94l.)(a)A distinct girdle or band of color; a raised spiral line as seen on certain univalve shells.(b)The clitellus of earthworms.(c)The base of the crown of a tooth. 1913 Webster]
Cin"na*bar(?), n.[L. cinnabaris, Gr. qinb\'ber, Hind. shangarf.] 1913 Webster]
1.(Min.)Red sulphide of mercury, occurring in brilliant red crystals, and also in red or brown amorphous masses. It is used in medicine. 1913 Webster]
2.The artificial red sulphide of mercury used as a pigment; vermilion. 1913 Webster]
Cinnabar Gr\'91corum(. [L. Graecorum, gen. pl., of the Greeks.](Med.)Same as Dragon's blood. --
Green cinnabar, a green pigment consisting of the oxides of cobalt and zinc subjected to the action of fire. --
Hepatic cinnabar(Min.), an impure cinnabar of a liver-brown color and submetallic luster. 1913 Webster]
Cin"na*ba*rine(?), a.[Cf. F. cinabarin.]Pertaining to, or resembling, cinnabar; consisting of cinnabar, or containing it; as, cinnabarine sand. 1913 Webster]
Cin"na*mene(?), n.[From Cinnamic.](Chem.)Styrene (which was formerly called cinnamene because obtained from cinnamic acid). See Styrene. 1913 Webster]
Cin*nam"ic(?), a.[From Cinnamon.](Chem.)Pertaining to, or obtained from, cinnamon. 1913 Webster]
Cinnamic acid(Chem.), a white, crystalline, odorless substance. C6H5.C2H2C2H2.CO2H, formerly obtained from storax and oil of cinnamon, now made from certain benzene derivatives in large quantities, and used for the artificial production of indigo. 1913 Webster]
Cin"na*mon(?), n.[Heb. qinn\'bem\'d3n; cf. Gr. cinnamomum, cinnamon. The Heb. word itself seems to have been borrowed from some other language; cf. Malay k\'bej\'d4 m\'benis sweet wood.](a)The inner bark of the shoots of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum, a tree growing in Ceylon. It is aromatic, of a moderately pungent taste, and is one of the best cordial, carminative, and restorative spices.(b)Cassia. 1913 Webster]
Cinnamon stone(Min.), a variety of garnet, of a cinnamon or hyacinth red color, sometimes used in jewelry. --
Oil of cinnamon, a colorless aromatic oil obtained from cinnamon and cassia, and consisting essentially of cinnamic aldehyde, C6H5.C2H2.CHO. --
Wild cinnamon. See Canella. 1913 Webster]
Cin"na*mone(?), n.[Cinnamic + -one.]A yellow crystalline substance, (C6H5.C2H2)2CO, the ketone of cinnamic acid. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 257 -->
Cin"na*myl(?), n.[Cinnamic + -yl.](Chem.)The hypothetical radical, (C6H5.C2H2)2C, of cinnamic compounds.[Formerly written also cinnamule.] 1913 Webster]
Cin"no*line(?), n.[Cinnamic + quinoline.]A nitrogenous organic base, C8H6N2, analogous to quinoline, obtained from certain complex diazo compounds. 1913 Webster]
Cinque(?), n.[F. cinq, fr. L. quinque five. See Five.]Five; the number five in dice or cards. 1913 Webster]
Cin`que*cen"tist(?), n.1.An Italian of the sixteenth century, esp. a poet or artist. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.A student or imitator of the art or literature of the Cinquecento. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
\'d8Cin`que*cen"to(?), n. & a.[It., five hundred, abbrev. for fifteen hundred. The Cinquecento style was so called because it arose after the year 1500.]The sixteenth century, when applied to Italian art or literature; as, the sculpture of the Cinquecento; Cinquecento style. 1913 Webster]
Cinque"foil`(?), n.[Cinque five + foil, F. feuille leaf. See Foil.]1.(Bot.)The name of several different species of the genus Potentilla; -- also called five-finger, because of the resemblance of its leaves to the fingers of the hand. 1913 Webster]
2.(Arch.)An ornamental foliation having five points or cups, used in windows, panels, etc.Gwilt. 1913 Webster]
Marsh cinquefoil, the Potentilla palustris, a plant with purple flowers which grows in fresh-water marshes. 1913 Webster]
Cinque"-pace`(?), n.[Cinque + pace.]A lively dance (called also galliard), the steps of which were regulated by the number five. [Obs.] Nares. Shak. 1913 Webster]
Cinque" Ports`(?). [Cinque + port.](Eng. Hist.)Five English ports, to which peculiar privileges were anciently accorded; -- viz., Hastings, Romney, Hythe, Dover, and Sandwich; afterwards increased by the addition of Winchelsea, Rye, and some minor places. 1913 Webster]
Baron of the Cinque Ports. See under Baron. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ci*nu"ra(?), n. pl.[NL., fr. Gr. o'yra` tail.](Zo\'94l.)The group of Thysanura which includes Lepisma and allied forms; the bristletails. See Bristletail, and Lepisma. 1913 Webster]
Ci"on(?), n.[OF. cion. See Scion.]See Scion. 1913 Webster]
The cion overruleth the stock; and the stock is but passive, and giveth aliment, but no motion, to the graft.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Ci"pher(?), n.[OF. cifre zero, F. Chiffre figure (cf. Sp.cifra, LL. cifra), fr. Ar. \'87ifrun, \'87afrun, empty, cipher, zero, fr. \'87afira to be empty. Cf. Zero.] 1913 Webster]
1.(Arith.)A character [0] which, standing by itself, expresses nothing, but when placed at the right hand of a whole number, increases its value tenfold. 1913 Webster]
2.One who, or that which, has no weight or influence. 1913 Webster]
Here he was a mere cipher.W. Irving. 1913 Webster]
3.A character in general, as a figure or letter. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
This wisdom began to be written in ciphers and characters and letters bearing the forms of creatures.Sir W. Raleigh. 1913 Webster]
4.A combination or interweaving of letters, as the initials of a name; a device; a monogram; as, a painter's cipher, an engraver's cipher, etc. The cut represents the initials N. W. 1913 Webster]
5.A private alphabet, system of characters, or other mode of writing, contrived for the safe transmission of secrets; also, a writing in such characters. 1913 Webster]
His father . . . engaged him when he was very young to write all his letters to England in cipher.Bp. Burnet. 1913 Webster]
Cipher key, a key to assist in reading writings in cipher. 1913 Webster]
Ci"pher, a.Of the nature of a cipher; of no weight or influence. \'bdTwelve cipher bishops.\'b8 Milton. 1913 Webster]
Ci"pher, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Ciphered(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Ciphering.]To use figures in a mathematical process; to do sums in arithmetic. 1913 Webster]
\'bdT was certain he could write and cipher too.Goldsmith. 1913 Webster]
Ci"pher, v. t.1.To write in occult characters. 1913 Webster]
His notes he ciphered with Greek characters.Hayward. 1913 Webster]
2.To get by ciphering; as, to cipher out the answer. 1913 Webster]
3.To decipher. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.To designate by characters. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Cip"o*lin(?), n.[It. cippollino, prop., a little onion, fr. cipolla onion (cf. E. cibol). So called because its veins consist, like onions, of different strata, one lying upon another.](Min.)A whitish marble, from Rome, containiing pale greenish zones. It consists of calcium carbonate, with zones and cloudings of talc. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cip"pus(?), n.; pl.Cippi(#).[L., stake, post.]A small, low pillar, square or round, commonly having an inscription, used by the ancients for various purposes, as for indicating the distances of places, for a landmark, for sepulchral inscriptions, etc.Gwilt. 1913 Webster]
Circ(?), n.[See Circus.]An amphitheatrical circle for sports; a circus. [R.] T. Warton. 1913 Webster]
cir"ca(s, adv., prep.[L.]Approximately; about; commonly abbreviated ca.; -- used especially before dates and numerical measures; as, he was born circa 1650; ca. 50 feet high. Syn. -- ca. PJC]
\'d8Cir*car"(?), n.[See Sircar.]A district, or part of a province. See Sircar. [India] 1913 Webster]
Cir*cas"sian(?), a.Of or pertaining to Circassia, in Asia. -- n.A native or inhabitant of Circassia. 1913 Webster]
Cir*ce"an(?), a.[L. Circaeus.]Having the characteristics of Circe, daughter of Sol and Perseis, a mythological enchantress, who first charmed her victims and then changed them to the forms of beasts; pleasing, but noxious; as, a Circean draught. 1913 Webster]
{ Cir*cen"sial(?), Cir*cen"sian(?), }a.[L. Circensis, ludi Circenses, the games in the Circus Maximus.]Of or pertaining to, or held in, the Circus, In Rome. 1913 Webster]
The pleasure of the Circensian shows.Holyday. 1913 Webster]
Cir"ci*nate(?), a.[L. circinatus, p. p. of circinare to make round, fr. circinus a pair of compasses, from Gr. (Bot.)Rolled together downward, the tip occupying the center; -- a term used in reference to foliation or leafing, as in ferns.Gray. 1913 Webster]
Cir"ci*nate(?), v. t.To make a circle around; to encompass. [Obs.] Bailey. 1913 Webster]
2.A circle; a concentric layer. [Obs.] \'bdThe circinations and spherical rounds of onions.\'b8 Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cle(s, n.[OE. cercle, F. cercle, fr. L. circulus (Whence also AS. circul), dim. of circus circle, akin to Gr. kri`kos, ki`rkos, circle, ring. Cf. Circus, Circum-.] 1913 Webster]
1.A plane figure, bounded by a single curve line called its circumference, every part of which is equally distant from a point within it, called the center. 1913 Webster]
2.The line that bounds such a figure; a circumference; a ring. 1913 Webster]
3.(Astron.)An instrument of observation, the graduated limb of which consists of an entire circle. 1913 Webster]
mural circle; when mounted with a telescope on an axis and in Y's, in the plane of the meridian, a meridian circle or transit circle; when involving the principle of reflection, like the sextant, a reflecting circle; and when that of repeating an angle several times continuously along the graduated limb, a repeating circle. 1913 Webster]
4.A round body; a sphere; an orb. 1913 Webster]
It is he that sitteth upon the circle of the earth.Is. xi. 22. 1913 Webster]
5.Compass; circuit; inclosure. 1913 Webster]
In the circle of this forest.Shak. 1913 Webster]
6.A company assembled, or conceived to assemble, about a central point of interest, or bound by a common tie; a class or division of society; a coterie; a set. 1913 Webster]
As his name gradually became known, the circle of his acquaintance widened.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
7.A circular group of persons; a ring. 1913 Webster]
8.A series ending where it begins, and repeating itself. 1913 Webster]
Thus in a circle runs the peasant's pain.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
9.(Logic)A form of argument in which two or more unproved statements are used to prove each other; inconclusive reasoning. 1913 Webster]
That heavy bodies descend by gravity; and, again, that gravity is a quality whereby a heavy body descends, is an impertinent circle and teaches nothing.Glanvill. 1913 Webster]
10.Indirect form of words; circumlocution. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Has he given the lie, circle, or oblique, or semicircle.J. Fletcher. 1913 Webster]
11.A territorial division or district. 1913 Webster]
The Circles of the Holy Roman Empire, ten in number, were those principalities or provinces which had seats in the German Diet. 1913 Webster]
Azimuth circle. See under Azimuth. --
Circle of altitude(Astron.), a circle parallel to the horizon, having its pole in the zenith; an almucantar. --
Circle of curvature. See Osculating circle of a curve (Below). --
Circle of declination. See under Declination. --
Circle of latitude. (a)(Astron.)A great circle perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic, passing through its poles.(b)(Spherical Projection)A small circle of the sphere whose plane is perpendicular to the axis. --
Circles of longitude, lesser circles parallel to the ecliptic, diminishing as they recede from it. --
Circle of perpetual apparition, at any given place, the boundary of that space around the elevated pole, within which the stars never set. Its distance from the pole is equal to the latitude of the place. --
Circle of perpetual occultation, at any given place, the boundary of the space around the depressed pole, within which the stars never rise. --
Circle of the sphere, a circle upon the surface of the sphere, called a great circle when its plane passes through the center of the sphere; in all other cases, a small circle. --
Diurnal circle. See under Diurnal. --
Dress circle, a gallery in a theater, generally the one containing the prominent and more expensive seats. --
Druidical circles(Eng. Antiq.), a popular name for certain ancient inclosures formed by rude stones circularly arranged, as at Stonehenge, near Salisbury. --
Family circle, a gallery in a theater, usually one containing inexpensive seats. --
Horary circles(Dialing), the lines on dials which show the hours. --
Osculating circle of a curve(Geom.), the circle which touches the curve at some point in the curve, and close to the point more nearly coincides with the curve than any other circle. This circle is used as a measure of the curvature of the curve at the point, and hence is called circle of curvature. --
Cir"cle, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Circled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Circling(?).][OE. cerclen, F. cercler, fr. L. circulare to make round. See Circle, n., and cf. Circulate.] 1913 Webster]
1.To move around; to revolve around. 1913 Webster]
Other planets circle other suns.Pope. 1913 Webster]
2.To encompass, as by a circle; to surround; to inclose; to encircle.Prior. Pope. 1913 Webster]
Their heads are circled with a short turban.Dampier. 1913 Webster]
So he lies, circled with evil.Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
To circle in, to confine; to hem in; to keep together; as, to circle bodies in.Sir K. Digby. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cle, v. i.To move circularly; to form a circle; to circulate. 1913 Webster]
Thy name shall circle round the gaping through.Byron. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cled(?), a.Having the form of a circle; round. \'bdMonthly changes in her circled orb.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cler(?), n.A mean or inferior poet, perhaps from his habit of wandering around as a stroller; an itinerant poet. Also, a name given to the cyclic poets. See under Cyclic, a. [Obs.] B. Jonson. 1913 Webster]
Cir"clet(?), n.1.A little circle; esp., an ornament for the person, having the form of a circle; that which encircles, as a ring, a bracelet, or a headband. 1913 Webster]
Her fair locks in circlet be enrolled.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
2.A round body; an orb.Pope. 1913 Webster]
Fairest of stars . . . that crown'st the smiling morn circlet.Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.A circular piece of wood put under a dish at table. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. 1913 Webster]
Cir"co*cele(?), n.See Cirsocele. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cuit(?), n.[F. circuit, fr. L. circuitus, fr. circuire or circumire to go around; circum around + ire to go.]1.The act of moving or revolving around, or as in a circle or orbit; a revolution; as, the periodical circuit of the earth round the sun.Watts. 1913 Webster]
2.The circumference of, or distance round, any space; the measure of a line round an area. 1913 Webster]
The circuit or compass of Ireland is 1,800 miles.J. Stow. 1913 Webster]
3.That which encircles anything, as a ring or crown. 1913 Webster]
The golden circuit on my head.Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.The space inclosed within a circle, or within limits. 1913 Webster]
A circuit wide inclosed with goodliest trees.Milton. 1913 Webster]
5.A regular or appointed journeying from place to place in the exercise of one's calling, as of a judge, or a preacher. 1913 Webster]
6.(a)(Law)A certain division of a state or country, established by law for a judge or judges to visit, for the administration of justice.Bouvier. (b)(Methodist Church)A district in which an itinerant preacher labors. 1913 Webster]
7.Circumlocution. [Obs.] \'bdThou hast used no circuit of words.\'b8 Huloet. 1913 Webster]
Circuit court(Law), a court which sits successively in different places in its circuit (see Circuit, 6). In the United States, the federal circuit courts are commonly presided over by a judge of the supreme court, or a special circuit judge, together with the judge of the district court. They have jurisdiction within statutory limits, both in law and equity, in matters of federal cognizance. Some of the individual States also have circuit courts, which have general statutory jurisdiction of the same class, in matters of State cognizance. --
Circuit of actionor
Circuity of action(Law), a longer course of proceedings than is necessary to attain the object in view. --
To make a circuit, to go around; to go a roundabout way. --
Voltaic circleor
Galvanic circleor
Voltaic circuitor
Galvanic circuit, a continous electrical communication between the two poles of a battery; an arrangement of voltaic elements or couples with proper conductors, by which a continuous current of electricity is established. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cuit, v. i.To move in a circle; to go round; to circulate. [Obs.] J. Philips. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cuit, v. t.To travel around. [Obs.] \'bdHaving circuited the air.\'b8 T. Warton. 1913 Webster]
cir"cuit break"er, n.(Elec.)A device contained within an electrical circuit designed to interrupt the circuit when the current exceeds a preset value; it is sometimes called a contact breaker. Its function is to prevent fire or damage to the circuit or the devices on the circuit which could be caused by excess current, such as that caused by a short-circuit. It differs from a fuse in not having a conducting element which melts (see 2nd fuse, n.). Circuit breakers are designed to be easily reset, i. e. to reclose the circuit after it has been opened by the circuit breaker; this is usually accomplished by simply moving a switch back and forth. They are commonly used in buildings to protect individual electrical lines, and are often contained in groups within a box called a circuit breaker panel, which divides the current from a main electrical line into multiple circuits each protected by a separate circuit breaker. Less commonly they may be found on individual devices. PJC]
Cir"cuit*er(?), n.One who travels a circuit, as a circuit judge. [R.] R. Whitlock. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cu*i"tion(?), n.[L. circuitio. See Circuit.]The act of going round; circumlocution. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Cir*cu"i*tous(?), a.[LL. circuitosus.]Going round in a circuit; roundabout; indirect; as, a circuitous road; a circuitous manner of accomplishing an end. -- Cir*cu"i*tous*ly, adv. -- Cir*cu"i*tous*ness, n.
Cir*cu"i*ty(?), n.A going round in a circle; a course not direct; a roundabout way of proceeding. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cu*la*ble(?), a.That may be circulated. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cu*lar(?), a.[L. circularis, fr. circulus circle: cf. F. circulaire. See Circle.] 1913 Webster]
1.In the form of, or bounded by, a circle; round. 1913 Webster]
2.repeating itself; ending in itself; reverting to the point of beginning; hence, illogical; inconclusive; as, circular reasoning. 1913 Webster]
3.Adhering to a fixed circle of legends; cyclic; hence, mean; inferior. See Cyclic poets, under Cyclic. 1913 Webster]
Had Virgil been a circular poet, and closely adhered to history, how could the Romans have had Dido?Dennis. 1913 Webster]
4.Addressed to a circle, or to a number of persons having a common interest; circulated, or intended for circulation; as, a circular letter. 1913 Webster]
A proclamation of Henry III., . . . doubtless circular throughout England.Hallam. 1913 Webster]
5.Perfect; complete. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
A man so absolute and circular Massinger. 1913 Webster]
Circular are, any portion of the circumference of a circle. --
Circular cubics(Math.), curves of the third order which are imagined to pass through the two circular points at infinity. --
Circular functions. (Math.)See under Function. --
Circular instruments, mathematical instruments employed for measuring angles, in which the graduation extends round the whole circumference of a circle, or 360 --
Circular lines, straight lines pertaining to the circle, as sines, tangents, secants, etc. --
Circular note
orCircular letter. (a)(Com.)See under Credit.(b)(Diplomacy)A letter addressed in identical terms to a number of persons. --
Circular numbers(Arith.), those whose powers terminate in the same digits as the roots themselves; as 5 and 6, whose squares are 25 and 36.Bailey.Barlow. --
Circular points at infinity(Geom.), two imaginary points at infinite distance through which every circle in the plane is, in the theory of curves, imagined to pass. --
Circular polarization. (Min.)See under Polarization. --
Circular sailingor
Globular sailing(Naut.), the method of sailing by the arc of a great circle. --
Circular saw. See under Saw. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cu*lar, n.[Cf. (for sense 1) F. circulaire, lettre circulaire. See Circular, a.] 1913 Webster]
1.A circular letter, or paper, usually printed, copies of which are addressed or given to various persons; as, a business circular. 1913 Webster]
2.A sleeveless cloak, cut in circular form. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cu*lar"i*ty(?), n.[LL. circularitas.]The quality or state of being circular; a circular form. 1913 Webster]
circular-knitadj.knit on a circular form so as to have no seams; -- said of stockings. WordNet 1.5]
Cir"cu*lar*ly(?), adv.In a circular manner. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cu*late(#), v. i.[imp. & p. p.Circulated; p. pr. & vb. n.Circulating.][L. circulatus, p. p. of circulare, v. t., to surround, make round, circulari, v. i., to gather into a circle. See Circle.] 1913 Webster]
1.To move in a circle or circuitously; to move round and return to the same point; as, the blood circulates in the body.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
2.To pass from place to place, from person to person, or from hand to hand; to be diffused; as, money circulates; a story circulates. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 258 -->
Circulating decimal. See Decimal. --
Circulating library, a library whose books are loaned to the public, usually at certain fixed rates. --
Circulating medium. See Medium. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cu*late(?), v. t.To cause to pass from place to place, or from person to person; to spread; as, to circulate a report; to circulate bills of credit. 1913 Webster]
Circulating pump. See under Pump.
Syn. -- To spread; diffuse; propagate; disseminate. 1913 Webster]
circulatingadj.1.moving or flowing in a circuit and returning to the same point; as, steam circulating through the pipes; the circulating thyroid hormones. WordNet 1.5]
2.passing from one to another. [prenominal] WordNet 1.5]
Cir`cu*la"tion(?), n.[L. circulatio: cf. F. circulation.]1.The act of moving in a circle, or in a course which brings the moving body to the place where its motion began. 1913 Webster]
This continual circulation of human things.Swift. 1913 Webster]
2.The act of passing from place to place or person to person; free diffusion; transmission. 1913 Webster]
The true doctrines of astronomy appear to have had some popular circulation.Whewell. 1913 Webster]
3.Currency; circulating coin; notes, bills, etc., current for coin. 1913 Webster]
4.The extent to which anything circulates or is circulated; the measure of diffusion; as, the circulation of a newspaper. 1913 Webster]
5.(Physiol.)The movement of the blood in the blood-vascular system, by which it is brought into close relations with almost every living elementary constituent. Also, the movement of the sap in the vessels and tissues of plants. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cu*la`tor(?), n.[Cf. L. circulator a peddler.]One who, or that which, circulates. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cu*la*to"ri*ous(?), a.Travelling from house to house or from town to town; itinerant. [Obs.] \'bdCirculatorious jugglers.\'b8 Barrow. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cu*la*to*ry(?), a.[L. circulatorius pert. to a mountebank: cf. F. circulatoire.] 1913 Webster]
1.Circular; as, a circulatory letter.Johnson. 1913 Webster]
2.Circulating, or going round.T. Warton. 1913 Webster]
3.(Anat.)Subserving the purposes of circulation; as, circulatory organs; of or pertaining to the organs of circulation; as, circulatory diseases. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cu*la*to*ry, n.A chemical vessel consisting of two portions unequally exposed to the heat of the fire, and with connecting pipes or passages, through which the fluid rises from the overheated portion, and descends from the relatively colder, maintaining a circulation. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cu*line(?), a.Proceeding in a circle; circular. [Obs.] \'bdWith motion circuline\'b8. Dr. H. More. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum-(?). [Akin to circle, circus.]A Latin preposition, used as a prefix in many English words, and signifying around or about. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*ag"i*tate(?), v. t.[Pref. circum + agitate.]To agitate on all sides.Jer. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*am"bage(?), n.[Pref.
circum- + ambage, obs. sing. of ambages.]A roundabout or indirect course; indirectness. [Obs.] S. Richardson. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*am"bi*en*cy(?), n.The act of surrounding or encompassing.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*am"bi*ent(?), a.[Pref. circum- + ambient.]Surrounding; inclosing or being on all sides; encompassing. \'bdThe circumambient heaven.\'b8 J. Armstrong. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*am"bu*late(?), v. t.[L. circumambulatus, p. p. of circumambulare to walk around; circum + ambulare. See Ambulate.]To walk round about. -- Cir`cum*am`bu*la"tion(#), n. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*bend"i*bus(?), n.A roundabout or indirect way. [Jocular] Goldsmith. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*cen"ter(?), n.(Geom.)The center of a circle that circumscribes a triangle. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum*cise(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Circumcised(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Circumcising.][L. circumcisus, p. p. of circumcidere to cut around, to circumcise; circum + caedere to cut; akin to E. c\'91sura, homicide, concise, and prob. to shed, v. t.]1.To cut off the prepuce of foreskin of, in the case of males, and the internal labia of, in the case of females. 1913 Webster]
2.(Script.)To purify spiritually. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum*ci`ser(?), n.One who performs circumcision.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*cision(?), n.[L. circumcisio.]1.The act of cutting off the prepuce or foreskin of males, or the internal labia of females. 1913 Webster]
circumcision of males is practiced as a religious rite by the Jews, Mohammedans, etc. 1913 Webster]
2.(Script.)(a)The Jews, as a circumcised people.(b)Rejection of the sins of the flesh; spiritual purification, and acceptance of the Christian faith. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*clu"sion(?), n.[L. circumcludere, -clusum, to inclose.]Act of inclosing on all sides. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*cur*sa"tion(?), n.[L. circumcursare, -satum, to run round about.]The act of running about; also, rambling language. [Obs.] Barrow. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*den`u*da"tion(?), n.[Pref. circum- + denudation.](Geol.)Denudation around or in the neighborhood of an object. 1913 Webster]
Hills of circumdenudation, hills which have been produced by surface erosion; the elevations which have been left, after denudation of a mass of high ground.Jukes. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*duce"(?), v. t.[See Circumduct.](Scots Law)To declare elapsed, as the time allowed for introducing evidence.Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*duct"(?), v. t.[L. circumductus, p. p. of circumducere to lead around; circum + ducere to lead.] 1913 Webster]
1.To lead about; to lead astray. [R.] 1913 Webster]
2.(Law)To contravene; to nullify; as, to circumduct acts of judicature. [Obs.] Ayliffe. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*duc"tion(?), n.[L. circumductio.]1.A leading about; circumlocution. [R.] Hooker. 1913 Webster]
3.(Physiol.)The rotation of a limb round an imaginary axis, so as to describe a conical surface. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*e*soph"a*gal(?), a.[Pref. circum- + esophagal.](Anat.)Surrounding the esophagus; -- in (Zo\'94l.) said of the nerve commissures and ganglia of arthropods and mollusks. 1913 Webster]
1.A surveying instrument, for taking horizontal angles and bearings; a surveyor's compass. It consists of a compass whose needle plays over a circle graduated to 360 1913 Webster]
2.A graduated wheel for measuring tires; a tire circle. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum*flant(?), a.[L. circumflans, p. pr. of circumflare.]Blowing around. [Obs.] Evelyn. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum*flect(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Circumflected; p. pr. & vb. n.Circumflecting.][L. circumflectere. See Circumflex.]1.To bend around. 1913 Webster]
2.To mark with the circumflex accent, as a vowel. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum*flex(?), n.[L. circumflexus a bending round, fr. circumflectere, circumflexum, to bend or turn about; circum + flectere to bend. See Flexible.] 1913 Webster]
1.A wave of the voice embracing both a rise and fall or a fall and a rise on the same a syllable.Walker. 1913 Webster]
2.A character, or accent, denoting in Greek a rise and of the voice on the same long syllable, marked thus [~ or Accent, n., 2. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum*flex, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Circumflexed(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Circumflexing(?).]To mark or pronounce with a circumflex.Walker. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum*flex, a.[Cf. L. circumflexus, p. p.] 1913 Webster]
1.Moving or turning round; circuitous. [R.] Swift. 1913 Webster]
2.(Anat.)Curved circularly; -- applied to several arteries of the hip and thigh, to arteries, veins, and a nerve of the shoulder, and to other parts. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*flex"ion(?), n.1.The act of bending, or causing to assume a curved form. 1913 Webster]
2.A winding about; a turning; a circuity; a fold. 1913 Webster]
Cir*cum"flu*ence(?), n.A flowing round on all sides; an inclosing with a fluid. 1913 Webster]
{ Cir*cum"flu*ent(?), Cir*cum"flu*ous(?), }a.[L. circumfluere, p. pr. of circumfluere; circum + fluere to flow; also L. circumfluus.]Flowing round; surrounding in the manner of a fluid. \'bdThe deep, circumfluent waves.\'b8 Pope. 1913 Webster]
{ Cir`cum*fo*ra"ne*an(?), Cir`cum*fo*ra"ne*ous(?), }a.[L. circumforaneus found in markets; circum + forum a market place.]Going about or abroad; walking or wandering from house to house.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*ful"gent(?), a.[Pref. circum- + fulgent.]Shining around or about. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*fuse"(?), v. t.[L. circumfusus, p. p. of circumfundere to pour around; circum + fundere to pour.]To pour round; to spread round. 1913 Webster]
His army circumfused on either wing.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*fu"sile(?), a.[Pref. circum- + L. fusilis fusil, a.]Capable of being poured or spread round. \'bdCircumfusile gold.\'b8 Pope. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*fu"sion(?), n.[L. circumfusio.]The act of pouring or spreading round; the state of being spread round.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*ges*ta"tion(?), n.[L. circumgestare to carry around; circum + gestare to carry.]The act or process of carrying about. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Circumgestation of the eucharist to be adored.Jer. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*gy"rate(?), v. t. & i.[Pref. circum- + gyrate.]To roll or turn round; to cause to perform a rotary or circular motion.Ray. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*gy*ra"tion(?), n.The act of turning, rolling, or whirling round. 1913 Webster]
A certain turbulent and irregular circumgyration.Holland. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*gy"ra*to*ry(?), a.Moving in a circle; turning round.Hawthorne. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*gyre"(?), v. i.To circumgyrate. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*in*ces"sion(?), n.[Pref. circum- + L. incedere, incessum, to walk.](Theol.)The reciprocal existence in each other of the three persons of the Trinity. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*ja"cence(?), n.Condition of being circumjacent, or of bordering on every side. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*ja"cent(?), a.[L. circumjacens, p. pr. of circumjacere; circum + jac to lie.]Lying round; bordering on every side.T. Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*jo"vi*al(?), n.[Pref. circum- + L. Jupiter, gen. Jovis, Jove.]One of the moons or satellites of the planet Jupiter. [Obs.] Derham. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*lit"to*ral(?), a.[Pref. circum- + L. littus, littoris, shore; preferable form, litus, litoris.]Adjointing the shore. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*lo*cu"tion(?), n.[L. circumlocutio, fr. circumloqui, -locutus, to make use of circumlocution; circum + loqui to speak. See Loquacious.]The use of many words to express an idea that might be expressed by few; indirect or roundabout language; a periphrase. 1913 Webster]
the plain Billingsgate way of calling names . . . would save abundance of time lost by circumlocution.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Circumlocution office, a term of ridicule for a governmental office where business is delayed by passing through the hands of different officials. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*lo*cu"tion*al(?), a.Relating to, or consisting of, circumlocutions; periphrastic; circuitous. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*loc"u*to*ry(?), a.Characterised by circumlocution; periphrastic.Shenstone. 1913 Webster]
The officials set to work in regular circumlocutory order.Chambers's Journal. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*me*rid"i*an(?), a.[Pref. circum- + meridian.]About, or near, the meridian. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*mure"(?), v. t.[Pref. circum- + mure, v. t.]To encompass with a wall.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*nav"i*ga*ble(?), a.Capable of being sailed round.Ray. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*nav"i*gate(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Circumnavigated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Circumnavigating(?).][L. circumnavigatus, p. p. of circumnavigare to sail round; circum + navigare to navigate.]To sail completely round. 1913 Webster]
Having circumnavigated the whole earth.T. Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*nav`i*ga"tion(?), n.The act of circumnavigating, or sailing round.Arbuthnot. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*nav"iga`tor(?), n.One who sails round.W. Guthrie. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*nu"tate(?), v. i.[Pref. circum- + nutate.]To pass through the stages of circumnutation. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*nu*ta"tion(?), n.(Bot.)The successive bowing or bending in different directions of the growing tip of the stems of many plants, especially seen in climbing plants. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*po"lar(?), a.[Pref. circum- + polar.]About the pole; -- applied to stars that revolve around the pole without setting; as, circumpolar stars. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*po*si"tion(?), n.[L. circumpositio, fr. circumponere, - positium, to place around.]The act of placing in a circle, or round about, or the state of being so placed.Evelyn. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*ro"tate(?), v. t. & i.[L. circumrotare; circum + rotare to turn round.]To rotate about. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*ro*ta"tion(?), n.The act of rolling or revolving round, as a wheel; circumvolution; the state of being whirled round.J. Gregory. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*scis"sile(?), a.[Pref. circum- + scissle.](Bot.)Dehiscing or opening by a transverse fissure extending around (a capsule or pod). See Illust. of Pyxidium. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*scrib"a*ble(?), a.Capable of being circumscribed. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*scribe"(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Circumscribed(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Circumscribing.][L. circumscribere, -scriptum; circum + scribere to write, draw. See Soribe.] 1913 Webster]
1.to write or engrave around. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Thereon is circumscribed this epitaph.Ashmole. 1913 Webster]
2.To inclose within a certain limit; to hem in; to surround; to bound; to confine; to restrain. 1913 Webster]
To circumscribe royal power.Bancroft. 1913 Webster]
3.(Geom.)To draw a line around so as to touch at certain points without cutting. See Inscribe, 5.
Cir`cum*scrib"er(?), n.One who, or that which, circumscribes. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*scrip"ti*ble(?), a.Capable of being circumscribed or limited by bounds. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*scrip"tion(?), n.[L. circumscriptio. See Circumscribe.]1.An inscription written around anything. [R.] Ashmole. 1913 Webster]
2.The exterior line which determines the form or magnitude of a body; outline; periphery.Ray. 1913 Webster]
3.The act of limiting, or the state of being limited, by conditions or restraints; bound; confinement; limit. 1913 Webster]
The circumscriptions of terrestrial nature.Johnson. 1913 Webster]
I would not my unhoused, free condition circumscription and confine.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*scrip"tive(?), a.Circumscribing or tending to circumscribe; marcing the limits or form of. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*scrip"tive*ly, adv.In a limited manner. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum*script`ly(?), adv.In a literal, limited, or narrow manner. [R.] Milton. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum*spect(?), a.[L. circumspectus, p. p. of circumspicere to look about one's self, to observe; circum + spicere, specere, to look. See Spy.]Attentive to all the circumstances of a case or the probable consequences of an action; cautious; prudent; wary.
Syn. -- See Cautious. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*spec"tion(?), n.[L. circumspectio.]Attention to all the facts and circumstances of a case; caution; watchfulness. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*spec"tive(s, a.Looking around every way; cautious; careful of consequences; watchful of danger. \'bdCircumspective eyes.\'b8 Pope. 1913 Webster]
cir"cum*spect`ly(s, adv.In a circumspect manner; cautiously; warily. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum*spect"ness, n.Vigilance in guarding against evil from every quarter; caution. 1913 Webster]
[Travel] forces circumspectness on those abroad, who at home are nursed in security.Sir H. Wotton. 1913 Webster]
cir"cum*stance(s, n.[L. circumstantia, fr. circumstans, -antis, p. pr. of circumstare to stand around; circum + stare to stand. See Stand.]1.That which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event; an attendant thing or state of things. 1913 Webster]
The circumstances are well known in the country where they happened.W. Irving. 1913 Webster]
2.An event; a fact; a particular incident. 1913 Webster]
The sculptor had in his thoughts the conqueror weeping for new worlds, or the like circumstances in history.Addison. 1913 Webster]
3.Circumlocution; detail. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
So without more circumstance at all Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.pl.Condition in regard to worldly estate; state of property; situation; surroundings. 1913 Webster]
When men are easy in their circumstances, they are naturally enemies to innovations.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Not a circumstance, of no account. [Colloq.] --
Under the circumstances, taking all things into consideration.
Cir"cum*stance, v. t.To place in a particular situation; to supply relative incidents. 1913 Webster]
The poet took the matters of fact as they came down to him and circumstanced them, after his own manner.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cum*stanced(s, p. a.1.Placed in a particular position or condition; situated. 1913 Webster]
The proposition is, that two bodies so circumstanced will balance each other.Whewell. 1913 Webster]
2.Governed by events or circumstances. [Poetic & R.] \'bdI must be circumstanced.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
cir"cum*stant(s, a.[L. circumstans. See Circumstance.]Standing or placed around; surrounding. [R.] \'bdCircumstant bodies.\'b8 Sir K. Digby. 1913 Webster]
cir`cum*stan"tia*ble(sa.Capable of being circumstantiated. [Obs.] Jer Taylor. 1913 Webster]
cir`cum*stan"tial(s, a.[Cf. F. circonstanciel.] 1913 Webster]
1.Consisting in, or pertaining to, circumstances or particular incidents. 1913 Webster]
The usual character of human testimony is substantial truth under circumstantial variety.Paley. 1913 Webster]
2.Incidental; relating to, but not essential. 1913 Webster]
We must therefore distinguish between the essentials in religious worship . . . and what is merely circumstantial.Sharp. 1913 Webster]
3.Abounding with circumstances; detailing or exhibiting all the circumstances; minute; particular. 1913 Webster]
Tedious and circumstantial recitals.Prior. 1913 Webster]
Circumstantial evidence(Law), evidence obtained from circumstances, which necessarily or usually attend facts of a particular nature, from which arises presumption. According to some authorities circumstantial is distinguished from positive evidence in that the latter is the testimony of eyewitnesses to a fact or the admission of a party; but the prevalent opinion now is that all such testimony is dependent on circumstances for its support. All testimony is more or less circumstantial.Wharton.
Syn. -- See Minute. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*stan"tial, n.Something incidental to the main subject, but of less importance; opposed to an essential; -- generally in the plural; as, the circumstantials of religion.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*stan`ti*al"i*ty(?), n.The state, characteristic, or quality of being circumstantial; particularity or minuteness of detail. \'bdI will endeavor to describe with sufficient circumstantiality.\'b8 De Quincey. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*stan"tial*ly(?), adv.1.In respect to circumstances; not essentially; accidentally. 1913 Webster]
Of the fancy and intellect, the powers are only circumstantially different.Glanvill. 1913 Webster]
2.In every circumstance or particular; minutely. 1913 Webster]
To set down somewhat circumstantially, not only the events, but the manner of my trials.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*stan"ti*ate(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Circumstantiated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Circumstantiating(?).][See Circumstantiating ( 1913 Webster]
1.To place in particular circumstances; to invest with particular accidents or adjuncts. [R.] 1913 Webster]
If the act were otherwise circumstantiated, it might will that freely which now it wills reluctantly.Bramhall. 1913 Webster]
2.To prove or confirm by circumstances; to enter into details concerning. 1913 Webster]
Neither will time permint to circumstantiate these particulars, which I have only touched in the general.State Trials (1661). 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*ter*ra"ne*ous(?), a.[Pref. circum- + L. terra earth.]Being or dwelling around the earth. \'bdCircumterraneous demouns.\'b8 H. Hallywell. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*un"du*late(?), v. t.[Pref. circum- + undulate.]To flow round, as waves. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*val"late(?), v. t.[L. circumvallatus, p. p. of circumvallare to surround with a wall; circum + vallare to wall, fr. vallum rampart.]To surround with a rampart or wall.Johnson. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*val"late(?), a.1.Surrounded with a wall; inclosed with a rampart. 1913 Webster]
2.(Anat.)Surrounded by a ridge or elevation; as, the circumvallate papill\'91, near the base of the tongue. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*val*la"tion(?), n.(Mil.)(a)The act of surrounding with a wall or rampart.(b)A line of field works made around a besieged place and the besieging army, to protect the camp of the besiegers against the attack of an enemy from without. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*vec"tion(?), n.[L. circumvectio; circum + vehere to carry.]The act of carrying anything around, or the state of being so carried. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*vent"(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Circumvented; p. pr. & vb. n.Circumventing.][L. circumventis, p. p. of circumvenire, to come around, encompass, deceive; circum + venire to come, akin to E. come.]To gain advantage over by arts, stratagem, or deception; to decieve; to delude; to get around. 1913 Webster]
I circumvented whom I could not gain.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*ven"tion(?), n.[L. circumventio.]The act of prevailing over another by arts, address, or fraud; deception; fraud; imposture; delusion. 1913 Webster]
A school in which he learns sly circumvention.Cowper. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*vent"ive(?), a.Tending to circumvent; deceiving by artifices; deluding. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*vent"or(?), n.[L.]One who circumvents; one who gains his purpose by cunning. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*vest"(?), v. t.[L. circumvestire; circum + vestire to clothe.]To cover round, as with a garment; to invest. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Circumvested with much prejudice.Sir H. Wotton. 1913 Webster]
Cir*cum"vo*lant(?), a.[L. circumvolans, p. pr. See Circumvolation.]Flying around. 1913 Webster]
The circumvolant troubles of humanity.G. Macdonald. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*vo*la"tion(?), n.[L. circumvolate. -volatum, to fly around; circum + volare to fly.]The act of flying round. [R.] 1913 Webster]
3.A roundabout procedure; a circumlocution. 1913 Webster]
He had neither time nor temper for sentimental circumvolutions.Beaconsfield. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*volve"(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Circumvolved(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Circumvolving.][L. circumvolvere, -volutum; circum + volvere to roll.]To roll round; to cause to revolve; to put into a circular motion.Herrick. 1913 Webster]
Cir`cum*volve", v. i.To roll round; to revolve. 1913 Webster]
Cir"cus(?), n.; pl.Circuses(#).[L. circus circle, ring, circus (in sense 1). See Circle, and cf. Cirque.] 1913 Webster]
1.(Roman Antiq.)A level oblong space surrounded on three sides by seats of wood, earth, or stone, rising in tiers one above another, and divided lengthwise through the middle by a barrier around which the track or course was laid out. It was used for chariot races, games, and public shows. 1913 Webster]
Circus Maximus at Rome could contain more than 100,000 spectators.Harpers' Latin Dict. 1913 Webster]
2.A circular inclosure for the exhibition of feats of horsemanship, acrobatic displays, etc. Also, the company of performers, with their equipage. 1913 Webster]
3.Circuit; space; inclosure. [R.] 1913 Webster]
The narrow circus of my dungeon wall.Byron. 1913 Webster]
Cirl" bun`ting(?). [Cf. It. cirlo.](Zo\'94l.)A European bunting (Emberiza cirlus). 1913 Webster]
Cirque(?), n.[F., fr. L. circus.] 1913 Webster]
1.A circle; a circus; a circular erection or arrangement of objects. 1913 Webster]
A dismal cirque Keats. 1913 Webster]
2.A kind of circular valley in the side of a mountain, walled around by precipices of great height. 1913 Webster]
Cir"rate(?), a.[L. cirratus having ringlets, fr. cirrus a curl.](Zo\'94l.)Having cirri along the margin of a part or organ. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cir*rho"sis(?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. cirrhose. So called from the yellowish appearance which the diseased liver often presents when cut.](Med.)A disease of the liver in which it usually becomes smaller in size and more dense and fibrous in consistence; hence sometimes applied to similar changes in other organs, caused by increase in the fibrous framework and decrease in the proper substance of the organ. 1913 Webster]
Cir*rhot"ic(?), a.Pertaining to, caused by, or affected with, cirrhosis; as, cirrhotic degeneration; a cirrhotic liver. 1913 Webster]
Cir"rhous(?), a.See Cirrose. 1913 Webster]
Cir"rhus(?), n.Same as Cirrus. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cir"ri(?), n. pl.See Cirrus. 1913 Webster]
Cir*rif"er*ous(?), a.[Cirrus + -ferous.]Bearing cirri, as many plants and animals. 1913 Webster]
Cir"ri*form(?), a.[Cirrus + -form.](Biol.)Formed like a cirrus or tendril; -- said of appendages of both animals and plants. 1913 Webster]
Cir*rig"er*ous(?), a.[Cirrus + -gerous.](Biol.)Having curled locks of hair; supporting cirri, or hairlike appendages. 1913 Webster]
Cir"ri*grade(?), a.[Cirrus + L. gradi to walk.](Biol.)Moving or moved by cirri, or hairlike appendages. 1913 Webster]
cirion.the candlewood of Mexico and couthwestern California (Idria columnaris or Fouquieria columnaris), having tall columnar stems and bearing honey-scented creamy yellow flowers; -- called also the boojum tree. Syn. -- boojum tree, Fouquieria columnaris, Idria columnaris. WordNet 1.5]
Cir"ri*ped(?), n.(Zo\'94l.)One of the Cirripedia. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cir`ri*pe"di*a(?), n. pl.[NL., fr. L. cirrus curl + pes, pedis, foot.](Zo\'94l.)An order of Crustacea including the barnacles. When adult, they have a calcareous shell composed of several pieces. From the opening of the shell the animal throws out a group of curved legs, looking like a delicate curl, whence the name of the group. See Anatifa. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cir`ro*bran`chi*a"ta(?), n. pl.[NL., fr. E. cirrus + L. branchiae gills.](Zo\'94l.)A division of Mollusca having slender, cirriform appendages near the mouth; the Scaphopoda. 1913 Webster]
Cir`ro-cu"mu*lus(?), n.[Cirrus + cumulus.](Meteor.)See under Cloud. 1913 Webster]
Cir"rose(?), a.[See Cirrus.](Bot.)(a)Bearing a tendril or tendrils; as, a cirrose leaf.(b)Resembling a tendril or cirrus.[Spelt also cirrhose.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cir`ros"to*mi(?), n. pl.[NL., fr. E. cirrus + Gr. (Zo\'94l.)The lowest group of vertebrates; -- so called from the cirri around the mouth; the Leptocardia. See Amphioxus. 1913 Webster]
Cir`ro-stra"tus(?), n.[Cirrus + stratus.](Meteor.)See under Cloud. 1913 Webster]
Cir"rous(?), a.1.(Bot.)Cirrose. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)Tufted; -- said of certain feathers of birds. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cir"rus(?), n.; pl.Cirri(#).[L., lock, curl, ringlet.][Also written cirrhus.] 1913 Webster]
1.(Bot.)A tendril or clasper. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)(a)A soft tactile appendage of the mantle of many Mollusca, and of the parapodia of Annelida. Those near the head of annelids are Tentacular cirri; those of the last segment are caudal cirri.(b)The jointed, leglike organs of Cirripedia. See Annelida, and Polych\'91ta. 1913 Webster]
cirri aid in locomotion; in others they are used in feeding; in the Annelida they are mostly organs of touch. Some cirri are branchial in function. 1913 Webster]
3.(Zo\'94l.)The external male organ of trematodes and some other worms, and of certain Mollusca. 1913 Webster]
4.(Meteor.)See under Cloud. 1913 Webster]
Cir"so*cele(?), n.[Gr. (Med.)The varicose dilatation of the spermatic vein. 1913 Webster]
Cirsoid aneurism, a disease of an artery in which it becomes dilated and elongated, like a varicose vein. 1913 Webster]
Cir*sot"o*my(?), n.[Gr. (Surg.)Any operation for the removal of varices by incision.Dunglison. 1913 Webster]
Cis-(?). A Latin preposition, sometimes used as a prefix in English words, and signifying on this side. 1913 Webster]
Cis*al"pine(?), a.[L. Cisalpinus; cis on this side + Alpinus Alpine.]On the hither side of the Alps with reference to Rome, that is, on the south side of the Alps; -- opposed to transalpine. 1913 Webster]
Cis`at*lan"tic(?), a.[Pref. cis- + Atlantic.]On this side of the Atlantic Ocean; -- used of the eastern or the western side, according to the standpoint of the writer.Story. 1913 Webster]
Cis"co(?), n.(Zo\'94l.)The Lake herring (Coregonus Artedi), valuable food fish of the Great Lakes of North America. The name is also applied to Coregonus Hoyi, a related species of Lake Michigan. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ci`se*lure"(?), n.[F.]The process of chasing on metals; also, the work thus chased.Weale. 1913 Webster]
Cis*lei"than(?), a.[Pref. cis- + Leitha.]On the Austrian side of the river Leitha; Austrian. 1913 Webster]
Cis*mon"tane(?), a.[Pref. cis- + L. mons mountain.]On this side of the mountains. See under Ultramontane. 1913 Webster]
Cis"pa*dane`(?), a.[Pref. cis- + L. Padanus, pert. to the Padus or Po.]On the hither side of the river Po with reference to Rome; that is, on the south side. 1913 Webster]
Cis"soid(?), n.[Gr. e'i^dos form.](Geom.)A curve invented by Diocles, for the purpose of solving two celebrated problems of the higher geometry; viz., to trisect a plane angle, and to construct two geometrical means between two given straight lines. 1913 Webster]
Cist(?), n.[L. cista box, chest, Gr. Chest.] 1913 Webster]
1.(Antiq.)A box or chest. Specifically: (a) A bronze receptacle, round or oval, frequently decorated with engravings on the sides and cover, and with feet, handles, etc., of decorative castings. (b) A cinerary urn. See Illustration in Appendix. 1913 Webster]
2.See Cyst. 1913 Webster]
Cist"ed, a.Inclosed in a cyst. See Cysted. 1913 Webster]
Cis*ter"cian(?), n.[LL. Cistercium. F. C\'8cteaux, a convent not far from Dijon, in France: cf. F. cistercien.](Eccl.)A monk of the prolific branch of the Benedictine Order, established in 1098 at C\'8cteaux, in France, by Robert, abbot of Molesme. For two hundred years the Cistercians followed the rule of St. Benedict in all its rigor. -- a.Of or pertaining to the Cistercians. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 260 -->
Cis"tern(?), n.[OE. cisterne, OF. cisterne, F. cisterne, fr. L. cisterna, fr. cista box, chest. See Cist, and cf. chest.]1.An artificial reservoir or tank for holding water, beer, or other liquids. 1913 Webster]
2.A natural reservoir; a hollow place containing water. \'bdThe wide cisterns of the lakes.\'b8 Blackmore. 1913 Webster]
Cist"ic(?), a.See Cystic. 1913 Webster]
Cistusn.a genus of small to medium-sized evergreen shrubs of southern Europe and northern Africa. Syn. -- genus Cistus. WordNet 1.5]
Cit(, n.[Contr. fr. citizen.]A citizen; an inhabitant of a city; a pert townsman; -- used contemptuously. \'bdInsulted as a cit\'b8. Johnson 1913 Webster]
Which past endurance sting the tender cit.Emerson. 1913 Webster]
Cit"a*ble(?), a.Capable of being cited. 1913 Webster]
Cit"a*del(?), n.[F. citadelle, It. citadella, dicitt city, fr. L. civitas. See City.]A fortress in or near a fortified city, commanding the city and fortifications, and intended as a final point of defense. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Stronghold. See Fortress. 1913 Webster]
Cit"al(?), n.[From Cite]1.Summons to appear, as before a judge. [R.] Johnson 1913 Webster]
2.Citation; quotation [R.] Johnson. 1913 Webster]
Ci*ta"tion(?), n.[F. citation, LL. citatio, fr.L. citare to cite. See Cite]1.An official summons or notice given to a person to appear; the paper containing such summons or notice. 1913 Webster]
2.The act of citing a passage from a book, or from another person, in his own words; also, the passage or words quoted; quotation. 1913 Webster]
This horse load of citations and fathers.Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.Enumeration; mention; as, a citation of facts. 1913 Webster]
4.(Law)A reference to decided cases, or books of authority, to prove a point in law. 1913 Webster]
Ci*ta"tor(?), n.One who cites. [R] 1913 Webster]
Ci"ta*to*ry(?), a.[LL. citatirius.]Having the power or form of a citation; as, letters citatory. 1913 Webster]
Cite(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Cited; p. pr. & vb. n.Citing][F. citer, fr. L. citare, intens. of cire, ci\'c7re, to put in motion, to excite; akin to Gr. 1.To call upon officially or authoritatively to appear, as before a court; to summon. 1913 Webster]
The cited dead, Milton. 1913 Webster]
Cited by finger of God.De Quincey. 1913 Webster]
2.To urge; to enjoin. [R.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.To quote; to repeat, as a passage from a book, or the words of another. 1913 Webster]
The devil can cite Scripture for his purpose.Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.To refer to or specify, as for support, proof, illustration, or confirmation. 1913 Webster]
The imperfections which you have cited.Shak. 1913 Webster]
5.To bespeak; to indicate. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Aged honor cites a virtuous youth.Shak. 1913 Webster]
6.(Law)To notify of a proceeding in court.Abbot
Syn. -- To quote; mention, name; refer to; adduce; select; call; summon. See Quote. 1913 Webster]
Cit"er(?), n.One who cites. 1913 Webster]
Cit"ess(?), n.[From Cit.]A city woman. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Cith"a*ra(?), n.[L. Cf. Cittern, Guitar.](Mus.)An ancient stringed musical instrument resembling the harp.[Also spelled kithara.] 1913 Webster]
Cith`a*ris"tic(?), a.[Gr. Pertaining, or adapted, to the cithara. 1913 Webster]
cithern.a musical instrument resembling a harp with strings stretch over a flat sounding box; the zither. It is played with a plectrum and with fingers. Syn. -- zither, zithern. WordNet 1.5]
Cith"ern(?), n.See Cittern. 1913 Webster]
Cit"i*cism(?), n.[From cit.]The manners of a cit or citizen. 1913 Webster]
Cit"ied(?), a.1.Belonging to, or resembling, a city. \'bdSmoky, citied towns\'b8 [R.] Drayton. 1913 Webster]
Cit"i*fied(?), a.[City +-fy.]Aping, or having, the manners of a city. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cit`i*gra"d\'91(?), n. pl.[NL., fr. L. citus swift (p. p. of cire, ciere, to move) + gradi to walk. See Cite.](Zo\'94l.)A suborder of Arachnoidea, including the European tarantula and the wolf spiders (Lycosidae) and their allies, which capture their prey by rapidly running and jumping. See Wolf spider. 1913 Webster]
Cit"i*grade(?), a.[Cf. F. citigrade.](Zo\'94l.)Pertaining to the Citigrad\'91. -- n.One of the Citigrad\'91. 1913 Webster]
Cit"i*ner(?), n.One who is born or bred in a city; a citizen. [Obs.] Champan. 1913 Webster]
Cit"i*zen(?), n.[OE. citisein, OF. citeain, F. citoyen, fr. cit\'82 city. See City, and cf. Cit.]1.One who enjoys the freedom and privileges of a city; a freeman of a city, as distinguished from a foreigner, or one not entitled to its franchises. 1913 Webster]
That large body of the working men who were not counted as citizens and had not so much as a vote to serve as an anodyne to their stomachs.G. Eliot. 1913 Webster]
2.An inhabitant of a city; a townsman.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.A person, native or naturalized, of either sex, who owes allegiance to a government, and is entitled to reciprocal protection from it. 1913 Webster]
Abbot 1913 Webster]
4.One who is domiciled in a country, and who is a citizen, though neither native nor naturalized, in such a sense that he takes his legal status from such country. 1913 Webster]
Cit"i*zen, a.1.Having the condition or qualities of a citizen, or of citizens; as, a citizen soldiery. 1913 Webster]
2.Of or pertaining to the inhabitants of a city; characteristic of citizens; effeminate; luxurious. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
I am not well, citizen a wanton as Shak. 1913 Webster]
citizens' bandn.that portion of the radio frequency spectrum allocated by the FCC for the use of individual citizens for short-distance personal or business use, from either fixed or mobile stations. Abreviated CB. Called also Citizens Radio Service. PJC]
Cit"i*zen*ship, n.The state of being a citizen; the status of a citizen. 1913 Webster]
Cit"ole(?), n.[OF. citole, fr. L. cithara. See Cittern.](Mus.)A musical instrument; a kind of dulcimer. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Cit`ra*con"ic(?), a.[Citric + aconitic.]Pertaining to, derived from, or having certain characteristics of, citric and aconitic acids. 1913 Webster]
Citraconic acid(Chem.), a white, crystalline, deliquescent substance, C3H4(CO2H)2, obtained by distillation of citric acid. It is a compound of the ethylene series. 1913 Webster]
Cit"range(?), n.[Citrus + orange.]A citrous fruit produced by a cross between the sweet orange and the trifoliate orange (Citrus trifoliata). It is more acid and has a more pronounced aroma than the orange; the tree is hardier. There are several varieties. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Cit"rate(?), n.[From Citric.](Chem.)A salt of citric acid. 1913 Webster]
Cit"ric(?), a.[Cf. F. citrique. See Citron.](Chem.)Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the citron or lemon; as, citric acid. 1913 Webster]
Citric acid(Chem.), an organic acid, C3H4OH.(CO2H)3, extracted from lemons, currants, gooseberries, etc., as a white crystalline substance, having a pleasant sour taste. 1913 Webster]
citrinn.a vitamin that maintains the resistance of cell and capillary walls to permeation; -- called also vitamin P. Syn. -- vitamin P, bioflavinoid. WordNet 1.5]
Cit`ri*na"tion(?), n.[See Citrine.]The process by which anything becomes of the color of a lemon; esp., in alchemy, the state of perfection in the philosopher's stone indicated by its assuming a deep yellow color.Thynne. 1913 Webster]
Cit"rine(?), a.[F. citrin. See Citron.]Like a citron or lemon; of a lemon color; greenish yellow. 1913 Webster]
Citrine ointment(Med.), a yellowish mercurial ointment, the unguentum hydrargyri nitratis. 1913 Webster]
Cit"rine, n.A yellow, pellucid variety of quartz. 1913 Webster]
Cit"ron(s, n.[F. citron, LL. citro, fr. L. citrus citron tree (cf. citreum, sc. malum, a citron), from Gr. ki`tron citron]1.(Bot)A fruit resembling a lemon, but larger, and pleasantly aromatic; it is produced by the citron tree (Citrus medica). The thick rind, when candied, is the citron of commerce. The fruit was once called the lime. 1913 Webster]
2.A citron tree, Citrus medica. 1913 Webster]
3.A citron melon. 1913 Webster]
Citron melon. (a)A small variety of muskmelon with sugary greenish flesh.(b)A small variety of watermelon, whose solid white flesh is used in making sweetmeats and preserves. --
Citron tree(Bot.), the tree which bears citrons. It was probably a native of northern India, and is now understood to be the typical form of Citrus Medica. 1913 Webster]
Citroncirusn.a cross between Citrus sinensis and Poncirus trifoliata. Syn. -- genus Citroncirus. WordNet 1.5]
citronwoodn.1.wood of a citron tree. WordNet 1.5]
2.a durable fragrant wood used in building (as in the roof of Cordova Cathedral); -- called also sandarac. Syn. -- sandarac. WordNet 1.5]
citrous(s, adj.of or pertaining to a citrus tree; as, a citrous disease. Syn. -- citrus. WordNet 1.5]
2.of or pertaining to citrus.the citrus production of Florida Syn. -- citrus. WordNet 1.5]
citrullinen.an amino acid that is an intermediate in the conversion of ornithine to arginine. WordNet 1.5]
Citrullusn.a genus of vines including the watermelons (Citrullus lanata). Syn. -- genus Citrullus. WordNet 1.5]
\'d8Cit"rus(s, n.[L., a citron tree.]1.(Bot.)A genus of trees including the orange, lemon, lime, tangerine, citron, grapefruit, etc., originally natives of southern Asia. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)any tree belonging to the genus Citrus, having leathery evergreen leaves and bearing a soft pulpy fruit covered by a thick skin; -- called also citrus tree. PJC]
3.(Bot.)the fruit of a tree belonging to the genus Citrus, having a thick shiny skin and a soft, sweet to tart pulp. PJC]
cit"rus tree`(s, n.(Bot.)same as citrus{2}. PJC]
Cit"tern(?), n.[L.cithara, Gr. kiqa`ra. Cf. Cithara, Gittern.](Mus.)An instrument shaped like a lute, but strung with wire and played with a quill or plectrum.[Written also cithern.]Shak. 1913 Webster]
zither. 1913 Webster]
Cit"tern-head`(?), n.Blockhead; dunce; -- so called because the handle of a cittern usually ended with a carved head.Marsion 1913 Webster]
Cit"y(s, n.; pl.Cities(s.[OE. cite, F. cit\'82, fr. L. civitas citizenship, state, city, fr. civis citizen; akin to Goth. heiwa (in heiwafrauja man of the house), AS. h, pl., members of a family, servants, h family, G. heirath marriage, prop., providing a house, E. hind a peasant.]1.A large town. 1913 Webster]
2.A corporate town; in the United States, a town or collective body of inhabitants, incorporated and governed by a mayor and aldermen or a city council consisting of a board of aldermen and a common council; in Great Britain, a town corporate, which is or has been the seat of a bishop, or the capital of his see. 1913 Webster]
A city is a town incorporated; which is, or has been, the see of a bishop; and though the bishopric has been dissolved, as at Westminster, it yet remaineth a city.Blackstone 1913 Webster]
When Gorges constituted York a city, he of course meant it to be the seat of a bishop, for the word city has no other meaning in English law.Palfrey 1913 Webster]
3.The collective body of citizens, or inhabitants of a city. \'bdWhat is the city but the people?\'b8 Shak.
Syn. -- See Village. 1913 Webster]
Cit"y, a.Of or pertaining to a city.Shak. 1913 Webster]
City council. See under Council. --
City court, The municipal court of a city. [U. S.] --
City ward, a watchman, or the collective watchmen, of a city. [Obs.] Fairfax. 1913 Webster]
city-bredadj.raised in a city. Syn. -- citified, city born. WordNet 1.5]
city-likecityfiedadj.having the customs or manners or dress of city people. Syn. -- citified. WordNet 1.5]
citywideadj.including or occurring in all parts of a city; as, citywide bussing; a citywide strike. WordNet 1.5]
Cive(s, n.(Bot.)Same as Chive. 1913 Webster]
Civ"et(s, n.[F. civette (cf. It. zibetto) civet, civet cat, fr. LGr. zape`tion, fr. Ar. zub, zab, civet.]1.A substance, of the consistence of butter or honey, taken from glands in the anal pouch of the civet (Viverra civetta). It is of clear yellowish or brownish color, of a strong, musky odor, offensive when undiluted, but agreeable when a small portion is mixed with another substance. It is used as a perfume. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l)The animal that produces civet (Viverra civetta); -- called also civet cat. It is carnivorous, from two to three feet long, and of a brownish gray color, with transverse black bands and spots on the body and tail. It is a native of northern Africa and of Asia. The name is also applied to other species. 1913 Webster]
Civ"et(?), v. t.To scent or perfume with civet.Cowper 1913 Webster]
Civ"ic(?), a.[L.civicus, fr. civis citizen. See City.]Relating to, or derived from, a city or citizen; relating to man as a member of society, or to civil affairs. 1913 Webster]
Civic crown(Rom. Antiq.), a crown or garland of oak leaves and acorns, bestowed on a soldier who had saved the life of a citizen in battle. 1913 Webster]
Civ"i*cism(?), n.The principle of civil government. 1913 Webster]
Civ"ics(?), n.The science of civil government. 1913 Webster]
civiesn.civilian garb as opposed to a military uniform. Syn. -- civvies. WordNet 1.5]
Civ"il(?), a.[L. civilis, fr. civis citizen: cf. F. civil. See City.]1.Pertaining to a city or state, or to a citizen in his relations to his fellow citizens or to the state; within the city or state. 1913 Webster]
2.Subject to government; reduced to order; civilized; not barbarous; -- said of the community. 1913 Webster]
England was very rude and barbarous; for it is but even the other day since England grew civil.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
3.Performing the duties of a citizen; obedient to government; -- said of an individual. 1913 Webster]
Civil men come nearer the saints of God than others; they come within a step or two of heaven.Preston 1913 Webster]
4.Having the manners of one dwelling in a city, as opposed to those of savages or rustics; polite; courteous; complaisant; affable. 1913 Webster]
civil man now is one observant of slight external courtesies in the mutual intercourse between man and man; a civil man once was one who fulfilled all the duties and obligations flowing from his position as a 'civis' and his relations to the other members of that 'civitas.'\'b8Trench 1913 Webster]
5.Pertaining to civic life and affairs, in distinction from military, ecclesiastical, or official state. 1913 Webster]
6.Relating to rights and remedies sought by action or suit distinct from criminal proceedings. 1913 Webster]
Civil action, an action to enforce the rights or redress the wrongs of an individual, not involving a criminal proceeding. --
Civil architecture, the architecture which is employed in constructing buildings for the purposes of civil life, in distinction from military and naval architecture, as private houses, palaces, churches, etc. --
Civil death. (Law.)See under Death. --
Civil engineering. See under Engineering. --
Civil law. See under Law. --
Civil list. See under List. --
Civil remedy(Law), that given to a person injured, by action, as opposed to a criminal prosecution. --
Civil service, all service rendered to and paid for by the state or nation other than that pertaining to naval or military affairs. --
Civil service reform, the substitution of business principles and methods for the spoils system in the conduct of the civil service, esp. in the matter of appointments to office. --
Civil state, the whole body of the laity or citizens not included under the military, maritime, and ecclesiastical states. --
Civil suit. Same as Civil action. --
Civil war. See under War. --
Civil year. See under Year. 1913 Webster]
Ci*vil"ian(?), n.[From Civil]1.One skilled in the civil law. 1913 Webster]
Ancient civilians and writers upon government.Swift. 1913 Webster]
2.A student of the civil law at a university or college.R. Graves. 1913 Webster]
3.One whose pursuits are those of civil life, not military or clerical. 1913 Webster]
Ci*vil"i*ty(?), n.; pl.Civilities(#).[L. civilitas: cf. F. civilit\'82. See Civil.]1.The state of society in which the relations and duties of a citizen are recognized and obeyed; a state of civilization. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Monarchies have risen from barbarrism to civility, and fallen again to ruin.Sir J. Davies. 1913 Webster]
The gradual depature of all deeper signification from the word civility has obliged the creation of another word -- civilization.Trench. 1913 Webster]
2.A civil office, or a civil process [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
To serve in a civility.Latimer. 1913 Webster]
3.Courtesy; politeness; kind attention; good breeding; a polite act or expression. 1913 Webster]
The insolent civility of a proud man is, if possible, more shocking than his rudeness could be.Chesterfield. 1913 Webster]
Civ"i*li`za*ble(?), a.Capable of being civilized. 1913 Webster]
Civ`i*li*za"tion(?), n.[Cf. F. civilisation.]1.The act of civilizing, or the state of being civilized; national culture; refinement. 1913 Webster]
Our manners, our civilization, and all the good things connected with manners, and with civilization, have, in this European world of ours, depended for ages upon two principles -- . . . the spirit of a gentleman, and spirit of religion.Burke 1913 Webster]
2.(Law)Rendering a criminal process civil. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Civ"i*lize(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Civilized(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Civilizing.][Cf. F. civilizer, fr.L. civilis civil. See Civil.]1.To reclaim from a savage state; to instruct in the rules and customs of civilization; to educate; to refine. 1913 Webster]
Yet blest that fate which did his arms dispose civilize, as to subdue.Dryden 1913 Webster]
2.To admit as suitable to a civilized state. [Obs. or R.] \'bdCivilizing adultery.\'b8 Milton.
Syn. -- To polish; refine; humanize. 1913 Webster]
Civ"i*lized(?), a.Reclaimed from savage life and manners; instructed in arts, learning, and civil manners; refined; cultivated. 1913 Webster]
Sale of conscience and duty in open market is not reconcilable with the present state of civilized society.J. Quincy. 1913 Webster]
Civ"i*li*zer(?), n.One who, or that which, civilizes or tends to civilize. 1913 Webster]
civil-libertarianadj.having or showing active concern for protection of civil liberties protected by law. WordNet 1.5]
civil-libertariann.a person having or showing active concern for protection of civil liberties protected by law. WordNet 1.5]
civil right, civil rightsa legal right or rights belonging to a person by reason of citizenship, including especially the fundamental freedoms and privileges guaranteed by the 13th and 14th amendments and subsequent acts of congress, including the right to legal and social and economic equality. WordNet 1.5]
Civil Service Commission. In the United States, a commission appointed by the President, consisting of three members, not more than two of whom may be adherents of the same party, which has the control, through examinations, of appointments and promotions in the classified civil service. It was created by act of Jan, 16, 1883 (22 Stat. 403). Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Civil Service Reform. The substitution of business principles and methods for political methods in the conduct of the civil service. esp. the merit system instead of the spoils system in making appointments to office. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Civ"i*ly(?), adv.In a civil manner; as regards civil rights and privileges; politely; courteously; in a well bred manner. 1913 Webster]
Civ"ism(?), n.[Cf. F. civisme, fr.L. civis citizen.]State of citizenship. [R.] Dyer. 1913 Webster]
Ciz"ar(?), v. i.[From Cizars.]To clip with scissors. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Ciz"ars(?), n. pl.Scissors. [Obs.] Swift. 1913 Webster]
Cize(?), n.Bulk; largeness. [Obs.] See Size. 1913 Webster]
Clab"ber(?), n.[See Bonnyclabber]Milk curdled so as to become thick. 1913 Webster]
Clab"ber, v. i.To become clabber; to lopper. 1913 Webster]
Clach"an(?), n.[Scot., fr. Gael.]A small village containing a church. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott 1913 Webster]
Sitting at the clachon alehouse.R. L. Stevenson. 1913 Webster]
Clack(?), v. i.[imp. & p. p.Clacked(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Clacking.][Prob. of imitative origin; cf. F.claquer to clap, crack, D. klakken, MHG. klac crack, Ir. clagaim I make a noise, ring. Cf. Clack, n., Clatter, Click.]1.To make a sudden, sharp noise, or a succesion of such noises, as by striking an object, or by collision of parts; to rattle; to click. 1913 Webster]
We heard Mr.Hodson's whip clacking on the ahoulders of the poor little wretches.Thackeray. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 261 -->
2.To utter words rapidly and continually, or with abruptness; to let the tongue run. 1913 Webster]
Clack(?), v. t.1.To cause to make a sudden, sharp noise, or succession of noises; to click. 1913 Webster]
2.To utter rapidly and inconsiderately.Feltham. 1913 Webster]
To clack wool, to cut off the sheep's mark, in order to make the wool weigh less and thus yield less duty. [Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Clack, n.[Cf. F. claque a slap or smack, MHG. klac crack, W. clec crack, gossip. See Clack, v. t.]1.A sharp, abrupt noise, or succession of noises, made by striking an object. 1913 Webster]
2.Anything that causes a clacking noise, as the clapper of a mill, or a clack valve. 1913 Webster]
3.Continual or importunate talk; prattle; prating. 1913 Webster]
Whose chief intent is to vaunt his spiritual clack.South. 1913 Webster]
Clack box(Mach.), the box or chamber in which a clack valve works. --
Clack dish, a dish with a movable lid, formerly carried by beggars, who clacked the lid to attract notice.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Clack door(Mining), removable cover of the opening through which access is had to a pump valve. --
Clack valve(Mach.), a valve; esp. one hinged at one edge, which, when raised from its seat, falls with a clacking sound. 1913 Webster]
Clack"er(?), n.1.One who clacks; that which clacks; especially, the clapper of a mill. 1913 Webster]
2.A claqueur. See Claqueur. 1913 Webster]
Clad(kl, v. t.To clothe. [Obs.] Holland. 1913 Webster]
Clad, imp. & p. p. of Clothe. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cla*doc"e*ra(?), n. pl.[NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.)An order of the Entomostraca. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
cladoden.a flattened stem resembling and functioning as a leaf. Syn. -- cladophyll, phylloclad, phylloclade. WordNet 1.5]
Cladonian.the type genus of Cladoniaceae; lichens characterized by a crustose thallus and capitate fruiting bodies borne on simple or branched podetia. Syn. -- genus Cladonia. WordNet 1.5]
Clad"o*phyll(?), n.[Gr. (Bot.)A special branch, resembling a leaf, as in the apparent foliage of the broom (Ruscus) and of the common cultivated smilax (Myrsiphillum). 1913 Webster]
Clag"gy(?), a.[Cf. Clog.]Adhesive; -- said of a roof in a mine to which coal clings. 1913 Webster]
Claik(?), n.See Clake. 1913 Webster]
Claim(kl\'bem), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Claimed(kl\'bemd); p. pr. & vb. n.Claiming.][OE. clamen, claimen, OF. clamer, fr. L. clamare to cry out, call; akin to calare to proclaim, Gr. kalei^n to call, Skr. kal to sound, G. holen to fetch, E. hale haul.]1.To ask for, or seek to obtain, by virtue of authority, right, or supposed right; to challenge as a right; to demand as due. 1913 Webster]
2.To proclaim. [Obs.] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
3.To call or name. [Obs.] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
4.To assert; to maintain. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
Claim, v. i.To be entitled to anything; to deduce a right or title; to have a claim. 1913 Webster]
We must know how the first ruler, from whom any one claims, came by his authority.Locke. 1913 Webster]
Claim, n.[Of. claim cry, complaint, from clamer. See Claim, v. t.]1.A demand of a right or supposed right; a calling on another for something due or supposed to be due; an assertion of a right or fact. 1913 Webster]
2.A right to claim or demand something; a title to any debt, privilege, or other thing in possession of another; also, a title to anything which another should give or concede to, or confer on, the claimant. \'bdA bar to all claims upon land.\'b8 Hallam. 1913 Webster]
3.The thing claimed or demanded; that (as land) to which any one intends to establish a right; ; as, a settler's claim; a miner's claim. [U.S. & Australia] 1913 Webster]
4.A loud call. [Obs.] Spenser 1913 Webster]
To lay claim to, to demand as a right. \'bdDoth he lay claim to thine inheritance?\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Claim"a*ble(?), a.Capable of being claimed. 1913 Webster]
Claim"ant(?), n.[Cf. OF. clamant, p. pr. of clamer. Cf. Clamant.]One who claims; one who asserts a right or title; a claimer. 1913 Webster]
Claim"er(?), n.One who claims; a claimant. 1913 Webster]
Claim"less, a.Having no claim. 1913 Webster]
Clair*au"di*ence(?), n.[F. clair clear + F. & E. audience a hearing. See Clear.]Act of hearing, or the ability to hear, sounds not normally audible; -- usually claimed as a special faculty of spiritualistic mediums, or the like. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Clair*au"di*ent(?), a.Pertaining to, or characterized by, clairaudience. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Clair*au"di*ent, n.One alleged to have the power of clairaudience. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
\'d8Claire(?), n.[F.]A small inclosed pond used for gathering and greening oysters. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
\'d8Clair"-ob*scur"(, n.[F. See Clare-obscure.]See Chiaroscuro. 1913 Webster]
Clair*voy"ance(?), n.[F.]A power, attributed to some persons while in a mesmeric state, of discerning objects not perceptible by the senses in their normal condition. 1913 Webster]
Clair*voy"ant(?), a.[F., fr. clair clear + voyant, p. pr. of voir to see. See Clear, and Vision.]Pertaining to clairvoyance; discerning objects while in a mesmeric state which are not present to the senses. 1913 Webster]
Clair*voy"antn.One who is able, when in a mesmeric state, to discern objects not present to the senses. 1913 Webster]
{ Clake, Claik(?), }n.(Zo\'94l.)The bernicle goose; -- now called barnacle goose and also called clack goose. 1913 Webster]
Clam(kl, n.[Cf. Clamp, Clam, v. t., Clammy.]1.(Zo\'94l.)A bivalve mollusk of many kinds, especially those that are edible; as, the long clam (Mya arenaria), the quahog or round clam (Venus mercenaria), the sea clam or hen clam (Spisula solidissima), and other species of the United States. The name is said to have been given originally to the Tridacna gigas, a huge East Indian bivalve. 1913 Webster]
You shall scarce find any bay or shallow shore, or cove of sand, where you may not take many clampes, or lobsters, or both, at your pleasure.Capt. John Smith (1616). 1913 Webster]
Clams, or clamps, is a shellfish not much unlike a cockle; it lieth under the sand.Wood (1634). 1913 Webster]
2.(Ship Carp.)Strong pinchers or forceps. 1913 Webster]
3.pl.(Mech.)A kind of vise, usually of wood. 1913 Webster]
Blood clam. See under Blood. 1913 Webster]
Clam(cl\'ddm), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Clammed(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Clamming.][Cf. AS. cl\'91man to clam, smear; akin to Icel. kleima to smear, OHG. kleimjan, chleimen, to defile, or E. clammy.]To clog, as with glutinous or viscous matter. 1913 Webster]
A swarm of wasps got into a honey pot, and there they cloyed and clammed Themselves till there was no getting out again.L'Estrange. 1913 Webster]
Clam, v. i.To be moist or glutinous; to stick; to adhere. [R.] Dryden 1913 Webster]
Clam, n.[Abbrev. fr. clamor.]A crash or clangor made by ringing all the bells of a chime at once.Nares. 1913 Webster]
Clam, v. t. & i.To produce, in bell ringing, a clam or clangor; to cause to clang.Nares. 1913 Webster]
Cla"mant(?), a.[L. clamans, p. pr. of clamare to call. Cf. Claimant.]Crying earnestly, beseeching clamorously. \'bdClamant children.\'b8 Thomson. 1913 Webster]
Cla*ma"tion(?), n.[LL. clamatio, fr. L. clamare to call.]The act of crying out.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Clam`a*to"res(?), n. pl.[L. clamator, pl. clamatores, a bawler.](Zo\'94l.)A division of passerine birds in which the vocal muscles are but little developed, so that they lack the power of singing. 1913 Webster]
Clam`a*to"rial(?), a.(Zo\'94l.)Like or pertaining to the Clamatores. 1913 Webster]
Clam"bake(?), n.The backing or steaming of clams on heated stones, between layers of seaweed; hence, a picnic party, gathered on such an occasion. 1913 Webster]
Clam"ber(?), v. i.[imp. & p. p.Clambered(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Clambering.][OE clambren, clameren, to heap together, climb; akin to Icel. klambra to clamp, G. klammern. Cf. Clamp, Climb.]To climb with difficulty, or with hands and feet; -- also used figuratively. 1913 Webster]
The narrow street that clambered toward the mill.Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
Clam"ber, n.The act of clambering.T. Moore. 1913 Webster]
Clam"ber, v. t.To ascend by climbing with difficulty. 1913 Webster]
Clambering the walls to eye him.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Clam*jam"phrie(?), n.Low, worthless people; the rabble. [Scot.] Jamieson. 1913 Webster]
Clam"mi*ly(?), adv.In a clammy manner. \'bdOozing so clammily.\'b8 Hood. 1913 Webster]
Clam"mi*ness, n.State of being clammy or viscous. 1913 Webster]
Clam"my(?), a.[Compar.Clammier(?); superl. Clammiest.][Cf. AS. cl\'bem clay. See Clam to clog, and cf. Clay.]Having the quality of being viscous or adhesive; soft and sticky; glutinous; damp and adhesive, as if covered with a cold perspiration. 1913 Webster]
clammyweedn.strong-scented herb (Polanisia graveolens) common in the southern U. S. covered with intermixed gland and hairs. Syn. --Polanisia graveolens, Polanisia dodecandra. WordNet 1.5]
Clam"or(?), n.[OF. clamour, clamur, F. clameur, fr. L. clamor, fr. clamare to cry out. See Claim.]1.A great outcry or vociferation; loud and continued shouting or exclamation from many people.Shak.[Also spelled clamour.] Syn. -- clamor, hue and cry. 1913 Webster + WordNet 1.5]
2.Any loud and continued noise.Addison. 1913 Webster]
3.A continued expression of dissatisfaction or discontent; a popular outcry.Macaulay.
Clam"or, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Clamored(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Clamoring.]1.To salute loudly. [R.] 1913 Webster]
The people with a shout clamoring their god with praise.Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.To stun with noise. [R.] Bacon. 1913 Webster]
3.To utter loudly or repeatedly; to shout. 1913 Webster]
Clamored their piteous prayer incessantly.Longfellow. 1913 Webster]
To clamor bells, to repeat the strokes quickly so as to produce a loud clang.Bp. Warbur 1913 Webster]
Clam"or, v. i.To utter loud sounds or outcries; to vociferate; to talk in a loud voice; to complain; to make importunate demands. Syn. -- clamor, roar, vociferate, holler, hollo. 1913 Webster + WordNet 1.5]
The obscure bird Clamored the livelong night.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.to dispute in a loud voice. Syn. -- brawl, wrangle, clamor. WordNet 1.5]
Clam"or*er(?), n.One who clamors. 1913 Webster]
Clam"or*ous(?), a.[LL. clamorosus, for L. Clamosus: cf. OF. clamoreux.]Speaking and repeating loud words; full of clamor; calling or demanding loudly or urgently; vociferous; noisy; bawling; loud; turbulent. \'bdMy young ones were clamorous for a morning's excursion.\'b8 Southey.
-- Clam"or*ous*ly, adv. -- Clam"or*ous*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Clamp(kl, n.[Cf. LG. & D. klamp, Dan. klampe, also D. klampen to fasten, clasp. Cf. Clamber, Cramp.]1.Something rigid that holds fast or binds things together; a piece of wood or metal, used to hold two or more pieces together. 1913 Webster]
2.(a)An instrument with a screw or screws by which work is held in its place or two parts are temporarily held together.(b)(Joinery)A piece of wood placed across another, or inserted into another, to bind or strengthen. 1913 Webster]
3.One of a pair of movable pieces of lead, or other soft material, to cover the jaws of a vise and enable it to grasp without bruising. 1913 Webster]
4.(Shipbuilding)A thick plank on the inner part of a ship's side, used to sustain the ends of beams. 1913 Webster]
5.A mass of bricks heaped up to be burned; or of ore for roasting, or of coal for coking. 1913 Webster]
6.A mollusk. See Clam. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Clamp nails, nails used to fasten on clamps in ships. 1913 Webster]
Clamp(kl, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Clamped(klp. pr. & vb. n.Clamping.]1.To fasten with a clamp or clamps; to apply a clamp to; to place in a clamp. 1913 Webster]
2.To cover, as vegetables, with earth. [Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Clamp, n.[Prob. an imitative word. Cf. Clank.]A heavy footstep; a tramp. 1913 Webster]
Clamp, v. i.To tread heavily or clumsily; to clump. 1913 Webster]
The policeman with clamping feet.Thackeray. 1913 Webster]
clampdownn.sudden restriction on an activity. WordNet 1.5]
Clamp"er(?), n.An instrument of iron, with sharp prongs, attached to a boot or shoe to enable the wearer to walk securely upon ice; a creeper.Kane. 1913 Webster]
clamshelln.1.the shell of a clam. WordNet 1.5]
2.a dredging bucket with hinges like the shell of a clam. Syn. -- grapple. WordNet 1.5]
clamydosporen.a thick-walled asexual resting spore of certain fungi and algae. WordNet 1.5]
Clan(kl, n.[Gael. clann offspring, descendants; akin to Ir. clann, cland, offspring, tribe, family; perh. from L. plania scion, slip, cutting. Cf. Plant, n.]1.A tribe or collection of families, united under a chieftain, regarded as having the same common ancestor, and bearing the same surname; as, the clan of Macdonald. \'bdI have marshaled my clan.\'b8 Campbell. 1913 Webster]
2.A clique; a sect, society, or body of persons; esp., a body of persons united by some common interest or pursuit; -- sometimes used contemptuously. 1913 Webster]
Partidge and the rest of his clan may hoot me.Smolett. 1913 Webster]
The whole clan of the enlightened among us.Burke. 1913 Webster]
Clan"cu*lar(?), a.[L. clancularius , from clanculum secretly, adv. dim. of clam secretly.]Conducted with secrecy; clandestine; concealed. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Not close and clancular, but frank and open.Barrow. 1913 Webster]
Clan*des"tine(?), a.[L. clandestinus, fr. clam secretly; akin to celare, E. conceal: cf. F. clandestin.]Conducted with secrecy; withdrawn from public notice, usually for an evil purpose; kept secret; hidden; private; underhand; as, a clandestine marriage.Locke.
-- Clan*des"tine*ly, adv. -- Clan*des"tine*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Clan`des*tin"i*ty(?), n.Privacy or secrecy. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Clang(kl, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Clanged(kl; p. pr. & vb. n.Clanging.][L. clangere; akin to Gr. kla`zein to clash, scream; or perh. to E. clank.]To strike together so as to produce a ringing metallic sound. 1913 Webster]
The fierce Caretes . . . clanged their sounding arms.Prior. 1913 Webster]
Clang, v. i.To give out a clang; to resound. \'bdClanging hoofs.\'b8 Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
Clang, n.1.A loud, ringing sound, like that made by metallic substances when clanged or struck together. 1913 Webster]
The broadsword's deadly clang, Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mus.)Quality of tone. 1913 Webster]
clangern.A conspicuous mistake whose effects seem to reverberate; as, he dropped a clanger. [British] WordNet 1.5]
clangingadj.emitting a series of clangs, as of metal objects colliding. Syn. -- clangorous. WordNet 1.5]
Clan"gor(kl, n.[L., fr. clangere. See Clang, v. t.]A sharp, harsh, ringing sound.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Clan"gor*ous(?), a.[LL. clangorosus.]Making a clangor; having a ringing, metallic sound. 1913 Webster]
Clan"gous(?), a.Making a clang, or a ringing metallic sound. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Clan*jam"frie(?), n.Same as Clamjamphrie. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
Clank(kl, n.[Akin to clink, and of imitative origin; cf. G. klang sound, D. klank. Cf. Clang.]A sharp, brief, ringing sound, made by a collision of metallic or other sonorous bodies; -- usually expressing a duller or less resounding sound than clang, and a deeper and stronger sound than clink. 1913 Webster]
But not in chains to pine, clank.Byron. 1913 Webster]
Clank, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Clanked(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Clanking.]To cause to sound with a clank; as, the prisoners clank their chains. 1913 Webster]
Clank, v. i.To sound with a clank. 1913 Webster]
Clank"less, a.Without a clank.Byreon. 1913 Webster]
Clan"-na-Gael"(?), n.[Ir., clan of the Gaels.]A secret society of Irish Fenians founded in Philadelphia in 1881. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Clan"nish(?), a.Of or pertaining to a clan; closely united, like a clan; disposed to associate only with one's clan or clique; actuated by the traditions, prejudices, habits, etc., of a clan.
-- Clan"nish*ly, adv. -- clan"nish*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
clan"nish*nessn.1.a tendency to associate with only a select group. Syn. -- cliquishness, exclusiveness. WordNet 1.5]
2.a tendency to associate with only one's own clan; the propensity to display the sentiments, habits, and prejudices of one's own clan. PJC]
Clan"ship, n.A state of being united together as in a clan; an association under a chieftain. 1913 Webster]
Clans"man(?), n.; pl.Clansmen(#).One belonging to the same clan with another. 1913 Webster]
clanswomann.a female member of a clan. Syn. -- clansman, clan member. WordNet 1.5]
Clap(kl, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Clapped(kl; p. pr. & vb. n.Clapping.][AS. clappan; akin to Icel. & Sw. klappa, D, klappen, to clap, prate, G. klaffen, v. i., to split open, yelp, klopfen, v. t. & i., to knock.]1.To strike; to slap; to strike, or strike together, with a quick motion, so, as to make a sharp noise; as, to clap one's hands; a clapping of wings. 1913 Webster]
Then like a bird it sits and sings, claps its silver wings.Marvell. 1913 Webster]
2.To thrust, drive, put, or close, in a hasty or abrupt manner; -- often followed by to, into, on, or upon. 1913 Webster]
He had just time to get in and clap to the door.Locke 1913 Webster]
Clap an extinguisher upon your irony.Lamb. 1913 Webster]
3.To manifest approbation of, by striking the hands together; to applaud; as, to clap a performance. 1913 Webster]
To clap hands. (a)To pledge faith by joining hands. [Obs.] Shak.(b)To express contempt or derision. [Obs.] Lam. ii. 15. --
To clap hold of, to seize roughly or quickly. --
To clap up. (a)To imprison hastily or without due formality.(b)To make or contrive hastily. [Obs.] \'bdWas ever match clapped up so suddenly?\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Clap(?), v. i.1.To knock, as at a door. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.To strike the hands together in applause. 1913 Webster]
Their ladies bid them clap.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.To come together suddenly with noise. 1913 Webster]
The doors around me clapped.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
4.To enter with alacrity and briskness; -- with to or into. [Obs.] \'bdShall we clap into it roundly, without . . . saying we are hoarse?\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
5.To talk noisily; to chatter loudly. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 262 -->
Clap(kl, n.1.A loud noise made by sudden collision; a bang. \'bdGive the door such a clap, as you go out, as will shake the whole room.\'b8 Swift. 1913 Webster]
2.A burst of sound; a sudden explosion. 1913 Webster]
Horrible claps of thunder.Hakewill. 1913 Webster]
3.A single, sudden act or motion; a stroke; a blow. 1913 Webster]
What, fifty of my followers at a clap!Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.A striking of hands to express approbation. 1913 Webster]
Unextrected claps or hisses.Addison. 1913 Webster]
clap"per*board`(kl, n.a device which synchronizes sound and picture while making a motion picture, consisting of boards held in front of a movie camera, which are are banged together. WordNet 1.5]
Clap"per*claw(kl, v. t.[Clap + claw.]1.To fight and scratch.C. Smart. 1913 Webster]
2.To abuse with the tongue; to revile; to scold. 1913 Webster]
Claps(?), v. t.Variant of Clasp [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Clap"trap`(kl, n.1.A contrivance for clapping in theaters. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
2.A trick or device to gain applause, especially pretentious but empty rhetoric; humbug. 1913 Webster +PJC]
Clap"trap`, a.Contrived for the purpose of making a show, or gaining applause; deceptive; unreal. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Claque(?), n.[F.]1.A collection of persons employed to applaud at a theatrical exhibition. 1913 Webster]
2.a group of sycophantic followers. PJC]
\'d8Cla`queur"(?), n.[F.]One of the claque employed to applaud at a theater. 1913 Webster]
Clare(?), n.A nun of the order of St. Clare. 1913 Webster]
Clar"ence(?), n.A close four-wheeled carriage, with one seat inside, and a seat for the driver. 1913 Webster]
Clar"en*don(?), n.A style of type having a narrow and heave face. It is made in all sizes. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
Clare"-ob*scure"(?), n.[L. clarus clear + obscurus obscure; cf. F. clair-obscur. Cf. Chiaroscuro.](Painting)See Chiaroscuro. 1913 Webster]
Clar"et(kl, n.[OE. claret, clare, clarry, OF. claret, clar\'82, fr. cler, F. clair, clear, fr. L. clarus clear. See Clear.]The name first given in England to the red wines of M\'82doc, in France, and afterwards extended to all the red Bordeaux wines. The name is also given to similar wines made in the United States. 1913 Webster]
Clar`i*bel"la(?), n.[NL., from L. clarus clear + bellus fine.](Mus.)A soft, sweet stop, or set of open wood pipes in an organ. 1913 Webster]
Clar"i*chord(?), n.[F. clatocorde, fr.L. clarus clear + chorda string. See Chord.]A musical instrument, formerly in use, in form of a spinet; -- called also manichord and clavichord. 1913 Webster]
Clar`i*fi*ca"tion(?), n.[Cf. F. clarification, L. clarificatio glorification.]1.The act or process of making clear or transparent, by freeing visible impurities; as, the clarification of wine. 1913 Webster]
2.The act of freeing from obscurities. 1913 Webster]
The clarification of men's ideas.Whewell. 1913 Webster]
Clar"i*fi`er(?), n.1.That which clarifies. 1913 Webster]
2.A vessel in which the process of clarification is conducted; as, the clarifier in sugar works.Ure. 1913 Webster]
Clar"i*fy(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Clarified(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Clarifying.][F. clarifier, from L. clarificare; clarus clear + facere to make. See Clear, and Fact.]1.To make clear or bright by freeing from feculent matter; to defecate; to fine; -- said of liquids, as wine or sirup. \'bdBoiled and clarified.\'b8 Ure. 1913 Webster]
2.To make clear; to free from obscurities; to brighten or illuminate. 1913 Webster]
To clarify his reason, and to rectify his will.South. 1913 Webster]
3.To glorify. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Fadir, clarifie thi name.Wyclif (John ii. 28). 1913 Webster]
Clar"i*fy, v. i.1.To grow or become clear or transparent; to become free from feculent impurities, as wine or other liquid under clarification. 1913 Webster]
2.To grow clear or bright; to clear up. 1913 Webster]
Whosoever hath his mind fraught with many thoughts, his wits and understanding do clarify and break up in the discoursing with another.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Clar"i*gate(?), v. i.[L. clarigare]To declare war with certain ceremonies. [Obs.] Holland. 1913 Webster]
Clar"i*net`(?), n.[F. clarinette, dim. of clarine, from L. clarus. See Clear, and cf. Clarion.](Mus.)A wind instrument, blown by a single reed, of richer and fuller tone than the oboe, which has a double reed. It is the leading instrument in a military band.[Often improperly called clarionet.] 1913 Webster]
clarinetist, clarinettistn.a musician who plays the clarinet. WordNet 1.5]
\'d8Cla*ri"no(?), n.[It. a trumpet.](Mus.)A reed stop in an organ. 1913 Webster]
Clar"i*on(?), n.[OE. clarioun, OF. clarion, F. clairon, LL. clario, claro; so called from its clear tone, fr. L. clarus clear. See Clear.]A kind of trumpet, whose note is clear and shrill. 1913 Webster]
He sounds his imperial clarion along the whole line of battle.E. Everett. 1913 Webster]
Clar`r\'82", n.[See Claret.]Wine with a mixture of honey and species. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Clart(?), v. t.[Cf. Armor. kalar mud, mire, kalara to dirt, Sw. lort mud.]To daub, smear, or spread, as with mud, etc. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. 1913 Webster]
Clar"y(?), v. i.[Cf. Clarion.]To make a loud or shrill noise. [Obs.] Golding. 1913 Webster]
Cla"ry(?), n.[Cf. LL. sclarea, scarlea, D. & G. scharlei, F. sclar\'82e.](Bot.)A plant (Salvia sclarea) of the Sage family, used in flavoring soups. 1913 Webster]
Clary water, a composition of clary flowers with brandy, etc., formerly used as a cardiac. 1913 Webster]
Clash(?), v. i.[imp. & p. p.Clashed(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Clashing.][Of imitative origin; cf. G. klatschen, Prov. G. kleschen, D. kletsen, Dan. klaske, E. clack.]1.To make a noise by striking against something; to dash noisily together. 1913 Webster]
2.To meet in opposition; to act in a contrary direction; to come onto collision; to interfere. 1913 Webster]
However some of his interests might clash with those of the chief adjacent colony.Palfrey. 1913 Webster]
Clash, v. t.To strike noisily against or together. 1913 Webster]
Clashn.1.A loud noise resulting from collision; a noisy collision of bodies; a collision. 1913 Webster]
The roll of cannon and clash of arms.Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
2.Opposition; contradiction; as between differing or contending interests, views, purposes, etc. 1913 Webster]
Clashes between popes and kings.Denham. 1913 Webster]
Clash gear. (Mach.)A change-speed gear in which the gears are changed by sliding endwise. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Clash"ing*ly, adv.With clashing. 1913 Webster]
Clasp(kl, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Clasped(kl; p. pr. & vb. n.Clasping][OE. claspen, clapsen, prob. akin to E. clap.]1.To shut or fasten together with, or as with, a clasp; to shut or fasten (a clasp, or that which fastens with a clasp). 1913 Webster]
2.To inclose and hold in the hand or with the arms; to grasp; to embrace. 1913 Webster]
3.To surround and cling to; to entwine about. \'bdClasping ivy.\'b8 Milton. 1913 Webster]
Clasp, n.1.An adjustable catch, bent plate, or hook, for holding together two objects or the parts of anything, as the ends of a belt, the covers of a book, etc. 1913 Webster]
2.A close embrace; a throwing of the arms around; a grasping, as with the hand. 1913 Webster]
Clasp knife, a large knife, the blade of which folds or shuts into the handle. --
Clasp lock, a lock which closes or secures itself by means of a spring. 1913 Webster]
Clasp"er(kl, n.1.One who, or that which, clasps, as a tendril. \'bdThe claspers of vines.\'b8 Derham. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)(a)One of a pair of organs used by the male for grasping the female among many of the Crustacea.(b)One of a pair of male copulatory organs, developed on the anterior side of the ventral fins of sharks and other elasmobranchs. See Illust. of Chim\'91ra. 1913 Webster]
Clasp"ered(?), a.Furnished with tendrils. 1913 Webster]
Class(kl, n.[F. classe, fr. L. classis class, collection, fleet; akin to Gr. klh^sis a calling, kalei^n to call, E. claim, haul.]1.A group of individuals ranked together as possessing common characteristics; as, the different classes of society; the educated class; the lower classes. 1913 Webster]
2.A number of students in a school or college, of the same standing, or pursuing the same studies. 1913 Webster]
3.A comprehensive division of animate or inanimate objects, grouped together on account of their common characteristics, in any classification in natural science, and subdivided into orders, families, tribes, genera, etc. 1913 Webster]
4.A set; a kind or description, species or variety. 1913 Webster]
She had lost one class energies.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
5.(Methodist Church)One of the sections into which a church or congregation is divided, and which is under the supervision of a class leader. 1913 Webster]
6.One session of formal instruction in which one or more teachers instruct a group on some subject. The class may be one of a course of classes, or a single special session. PJC]
7.A high degree of elegance, in dress or behavior; the quality of bearing oneself with dignity, grace, and social adeptness. PJC]
Class of a curve(Math.), the kind of a curve as expressed by the number of tangents that can be drawn from any point to the curve. A circle is of the second class. --
Class meeting(Methodist Church), a meeting of a class under the charge of a class leader, for counsel and relegious instruction. 1913 Webster]
Class(kl, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Classed(kl; p. pr. & vb. n.Classing.][Cf. F. classer. See Class, n.]1.To arrange in classes; to classify or refer to some class; as, to class words or passages. 1913 Webster]
classify is used instead of to class.Dana. 1913 Webster]
2.To divide into classes, as students; to form into, or place in, a class or classes. 1913 Webster]
Class, v. i.To be grouped or classed. 1913 Webster]
The genus or family under which it classes.Tatham. 1913 Webster]
Class(kl, a.exhibiting refinement and high character; as, a class act. Opposite of low-class [informal] Syn. -- high-class.
[PJC]
Class day. In American colleges and universities, a day of the commencement season on which the senior class celebrates the completion of its course by exercises conducted by the members, such as the reading of the class histories and poem, the delivery of the class oration, the planting of the class ivy, etc. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Class"i*ble(?), a.Capable of being classed. 1913 Webster]
{ Clas"sic(kl, Clas"sic*al(?), }a.[L. classicus relating to the classes of the Roman people, and especially to the frist class; hence, of the first rank, superior, from classis class: cf. F. classique. See Class, n.]1.Of or relating to the first class or rank, especially in literature or art. 1913 Webster]
Give, as thy last memorial to the age, classic drama, and reform the stage.Byron. 1913 Webster]
Mr. Greaves may justly be reckoned a classical author on this subject [Roman weights and coins].Arbuthnot. 1913 Webster]
2.Of or pertaining to the ancient Greeks and Romans, esp. to Greek or Roman authors of the highest rank, or of the period when their best literature was produced; of or pertaining to places inhabited by the ancient Greeks and Romans, or rendered famous by their deeds. 1913 Webster]
Though throned midst Latium's classic plains.Mrs. Hemans. 1913 Webster]
The epithet classical, as applied to ancient authors, is determined less by the purity of their style than by the period at which they wrote.Brande & C. 1913 Webster]
He [Atterbury] directed the classical studies of the undergraduates of his college.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
3.Conforming to the best authority in literature and art; chaste; pure; refined; as, a classical style. 1913 Webster]
Classical, provincial, and national synods.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Classicals orders. (Arch.)See under Order. 1913 Webster]
Clas"sic, n.1.A work of acknowledged excellence and authority, or its author; -- originally used of Greek and Latin works or authors, but now applied to authors and works of a like character in any language. 1913 Webster]
In is once raised him to the rank of a legitimate English classic.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
2.One learned in the literature of Greece and Rome, or a student of classical literature. 1913 Webster]
Clas"sic*al*ism(?), n.1.A classical idiom, style, or expression; a classicism. 1913 Webster]
2.Adherence to what are supposed or assumed to be the classical canons of art. 1913 Webster]
Clas"sic*al*ist, n.One who adheres to what he thinks the classical canons of art.Ruskin. 1913 Webster]
{ Clas`si*cal"i*ty(?), Clas"sic*al*ness(?), }n.The quality of being classical. 1913 Webster]
Clas"sic*al*ly, adv.1.In a classical manner; according to the manner of classical authors. 1913 Webster]
2.In the manner of classes; according to a regular order of classes or sets. 1913 Webster]
Clas"si*cism(?), n.A classic idiom or expression; a classicalism.C. Kingsley. 1913 Webster]
Clas"si*cist(?), n.One learned in the classics; an advocate for the classics. 1913 Webster]
classicisticadj.of or pertaining to classicism; as, classicistic tradition. WordNet 1.5]
classicizev. t.to make classic or classical. WordNet 1.5]
classicsn. pl.the branch of learning concerned with study of the literary works of ancient Greece and Rome. WordNet 1.5]
Clas"si*fi`a*ble(?), a.Capable of being classified. 1913 Webster]
Clas*sif"ic(?), a.Characterizing a class or classes; relating to classification. 1913 Webster]
Clas`si*fi*ca"tion(?), n.[Cf. F. classification.]The act of forming into a class or classes; a distribution into groups, as classes, orders, families, etc., according to some common relations or affinities. 1913 Webster]
Artificial classification. (Science)See under Artifitial. 1913 Webster]
Clas"si*fi*ca`to*ry(?), a.Pertaining to classification; admitting of classification. \'bdA classificatory system.\'b8 Earle. 1913 Webster]
classifiedadj.1.arranged into classes or categories; as, unclassified. Syn. -- categorized. WordNet 1.5 +PJC]
2.assigned to a class of documents withheld from general circulation; -- of information or documents. Opposite of unclassified.[Narrower terms: eyes-only; confidential; restricted; secret; sensitive; top-secret] WordNet 1.5]
Clas"si*fi`er(?), n.One who classifies. 1913 Webster]
Clas"si*fy(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Classified(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Classifying.][L. classis class + -fy.]To distribute into classes; to arrange according to a system; to arrange in sets according to some method founded on common properties or characters.
Syn. -- To arrange; distribute; rank. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Clas"sis(?), n.; pl.Classes(#).[L. See Class, n.]1.A class or order; sort; kind. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
His opinion of that classis of men.Clarendon. 1913 Webster]
2.(Eccl.)An ecclesiastical body or judicatory in certain churches, as the Reformed Dutch. It is intermediate between the consistory and the synod, and corresponds to the presbytery in the Presbyterian church. 1913 Webster]
Class"man(?), n.; pl.Classmen(#).1.A member of a class; a classmate. 1913 Webster]
2.A candidate for graduation in arts who is placed in an honor class, as opposed to a passman, who is not classified. [Oxford, Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Class"mate`(?), n.One who is in the same class with another, as at school or college. 1913 Webster]
classyadj.1.having elegance or taste or refinement in manners or dress. Opposite of styleless. [informal] Syn. -- posh, swish, stylish. WordNet 1.5]
2.exhibiting refinement and high character. Opposite of low-class [informal] Syn. -- high-class.
[PJC]
Clas"tic(?), a.[Gr. 1.Pertaining to what may be taken apart; as, clastic anatomy (of models). 1913 Webster]
2.(Min.)Fragmental; made up of brokas, sandstone is a clastic rock. 1913 Webster]
Clatch(?), n.[Cf. Scot. clatch a slap, the noise caused by the collision of soft bodies; prob. of imitative origin.](Scot. & Dial. Eng.)1.A soft or sloppy lump or mass; as, to throw a clatch of mud. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.Anything put together or made in a careless or slipshod way; hence, a sluttish or slipshod woman. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Clatch, v. t. & i.To daub or smear, as with lime; to make or finish in a slipshod way. [Scot.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Clathraceaen.a antural family of fleshy stinkhornlike fungi. Syn. -- family Clathraceae. WordNet 1.5]
Clath"rate(kl, a.[L. clathri lattice, Gr. klh,qra.]1.(Bot.)Shaped like a lattice; cancellate.Gray. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)Having the surface marked with raised lines resembling a lattice, as many shells. 1913 Webster]
Clathrusn.the type genus of the Clathraceae. Syn. -- genus Clathrus. WordNet 1.5]
Clat"ter(?), v. i.[imp. & p. p.Clattered(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Clattering.][AS. cla a rattle, akin to D. klateren to rattle. Cf. Clack.]1.To make a rattling sound by striking hard bodies together; to make a succession of abrupt, rattling sounds. 1913 Webster]
Clattering loud with iron clank.Longfellow. 1913 Webster]
2.To talk fast and noisily; to rattle with the tongue. 1913 Webster]
I see thou dost but clatter.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Clat"ter, v. t.To make a rattling noise with. 1913 Webster]
You clatter still your brazen kettle.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Clat"ter, n.1.A rattling noise, esp. that made by the collision of hard bodies; also, any loud, abrupt sound; a repetition of abrupt sounds. 1913 Webster]
The goose let fall a golden egg clatter.Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
2.Commotion; disturbance. \'bdThose mighty feats which made such a clatter in story.\'b8<-- sic. = history?--> Barrow. 1913 Webster]
Claude" Lor*raine" glass`(?). [Its name is supposed to be derived from the similarity of the effects it gives to those of a picture by Claude Lorrain (often written Lorraine).]A slightly convex mirror, commonly of black glass, used as a toy for viewing the reflected landscape. 1913 Webster]
Clau"dent(?), a.[L. claudens, p. pr. of claudere to shut.]Shutting; confining; drawing together; as, a claudent muscle. [R.] Jonson 1913 Webster]
Clau"di*cant(?), a.[L. claudicans, p. pr. of claudicare to limp, fr. claudus lame.]Limping. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Clau`di*ca"tion(?), n.[L. claudicatio.]A halting or limping. [R.] Tatler. 1913 Webster]
Clause(?), n.[F. clause, LL. clausa, equiv. to L. clausula clause, prop., close of claudere to shut, to end. See Close.]1.A separate portion of a written paper, paragraph, or sentence; an article, stipulation, or proviso, in a legal document. 1913 Webster]
The usual attestation clause to a will.Bouvier. 1913 Webster]
2.(Gram.)A subordinate portion or a subdivision of a sentence containing a subject and its predicate. 1913 Webster]
Clause, n. [Obs.] See Letters clause or Letters close, under Letter. 1913 Webster]
Claus"tral(?), a.[F., fr. LL. claustralis, fr. L. claustrum. See Cloister.]Cloistral.Ayliffe 1913 Webster]
\'d8Claus"trum(?), n.; pl.Claustra.[L., a bolt or bar.](Anat.)A thin lamina of gray matter in each cerebral hemisphere of the brain of man. -- Claus"tral, a. 1913 Webster]
Clau"su*lar(?; 135), a.[From L. clausula. See Clause, n.]Consisting of, or having, clauses.Smart. 1913 Webster]
Clau"sure(?; 135), n.[L. clausura. See Closure.]The act of shutting up or confining; confinement. [R.] Geddes. 1913 Webster]
{ Cla"vate(?), Cla"va*ted(?), }a.[L. clava club.](Bot. & Zo\'94l.)Club-shaped; having the form of a club; growing gradually thicker toward the top. [See Illust. of Antennae.] 1913 Webster]
Clav"el*la`ted(kl, a.[Cf. LL. cineres clavelatti ashes of burnt lees or dregs of wine, F. clavel an inferior sort of soda, E. clavate.](Old Chem.)Said of potash, probably in reference to its having been obtained from billets of wood by burning. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Clav"er(?), n. [Obs.] See Clover.Holland. 1913 Webster]
Clav"er, n.Frivolous or nonsensical talk; prattle; chattering. [Scot. & North of Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Emmy found herself entirely at a loss in the midst of their clavers.Thackeray. 1913 Webster]
Clavicepsn.a genus of fungi parasitic upon the ovaries of various grasses. Syn. -- genus Claviceps. WordNet 1.5]
Clav"i*chord(?), n.[F. clavicorde, fr. L. clavis key + chorda string.](Mus.)A keyed stringed instrument, now superseded by the pianoforte. See Clarichord. 1913 Webster]
Clav"i*cle(?), n.[F. clavicule, fr. L. clavicula a little key, tendril, dim. of clavis key, akin to claudere to shut. See Close, and cf. Clef.](Anat.)The collar bone, which is joined at one end to the scapula, or shoulder blade, and at the other to the sternum, or breastbone. In man each clavicle is shaped like the letter 1913 Webster]
Clav"i*corn(?), a.[Cf. F. clavicorne.](Zo\'94l.)Having club-shaped antenn\'91. See Antenn\'91 -- n.One of the Clavicornes. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Clav`i*cor"nes(?), n. pl.[NL.; Fr. L. clava club + cornu horn.](Zo\'94l.)A group of beetles having club-shaped antenn\'91. 1913 Webster]
Cla*vic"u*lar(?), a.[Cf. F. claviculaire. See Clavicle.](Anat.)Of or pertaining to the clavicle. 1913 Webster]
Cla"vi*er(? F. ?), n.[F., fr. L. clavis key.](Mus.)The keyboard of an organ, pianoforte, or harmonium. 1913 Webster]
Clavier ( 1913 Webster]
Clav"i*form(?), a.[L. clava club + -form.](Bot.)Club-shaped; clavate.Craig. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Clav"i*ger(?), n.[L., fr. clavis key + gerere to carry.]One who carries the keys of any place. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Clav"i*ger, n.[L., fr. clava club + gerere to carry.]One who carries a club; a club bearer. 1913 Webster]
Cla*vig"er*ous(?), a.Bearing a club or a key. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cla"vis(?), n.; pl. L. Claves(#), E. Clavises(#).[L.]A key; a glossary. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cla"vus(?), n.[L., a nail.]A callous growth, esp. one the foot; a corn. 1913 Webster]
Cla"vy(?), n.; pl.Clavies(#).[Cf. F. claveau centerpiece of an arch.](Arch.)A mantelpiece. 1913 Webster]
Claw(kl, n.[AS. clawu, cl\'be, cle\'a2; akin to D. klaauw, G. klaue, Icel. kl\'d3, Sw. & Dan. klo, and perh. to E. clew.]1.A sharp, hooked nail, as of a beast or bird. 1913 Webster]
2.The whole foot of an animal armed with hooked nails; the pinchers of a lobster, crab, etc. 1913 Webster]
3.Anything resembling the claw of an animal, as the curved and forked end of a hammer for drawing nails. 1913 Webster]
4.(Bot.)A slender appendage or process, formed like a claw, as the base of petals of the pink.Gray. 1913 Webster]
Claw hammer, a hammer with one end of the metallic head cleft for use in extracting nails, etc. --
Claw hammer coat, a dress coat of the swallowtail pattern. [Slang] --
Claw sickness, foot rot, a disease affecting sheep. 1913 Webster]
Claw(kl, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Clawed(kl; p. pr. & vb. n.Clawing.][AS. clawan. See Claw, n.]1.To pull, tear, or scratch with, or as with, claws or nails. 1913 Webster]
2.To relieve from some uneasy sensation, as by scratching; to tickle; hence, to flatter; to court. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Rich men they claw, soothe up, and flatter; the poor they contemn and despise.Holland. 1913 Webster]
3.To rail at; to scold. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
In the aforesaid preamble, the king fairly claweth the great monasteries, wherein, saith he, religion, thanks be to God, is right well kept and observed; though he claweth them soon after in another acceptation.T. Fuller 1913 Webster]
Claw me, claw thee, stand by me and I will stand by you; -- an old proverb.Tyndale. --
To claw away, to scold or revile. \'bdThe jade Fortune is to be clawed away for it, if you should lose it.\'b8 L'Estrange. --
To claw (one) on the back, to tickle; to express approbation. (Obs.) Chaucer. --
To claw (one) on the gall, to find fault with; to vex. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Claw, v. i.To scrape, scratch, or dig with a claw, or with the hand as a claw. \'bdClawing [in ash barrels] for bits of coal.\'b8 W. D. Howells. 1913 Webster]
To claw off(Naut.), to turn to windward and beat, to prevent falling on a lee shore. 1913 Webster]
Claw"back`(?), n.A flatterer or sycophant. [Obs.] \'bdTake heed of these clawbacks.\'b8 Latimer. 1913 Webster]
Claw"back`, v. t.To flatter. [Obs.] Warner. 1913 Webster]
Clawed(kl, a.Furnished with claws.N. Grew. 1913 Webster]
Claw"less, a.Destitute of claws. 1913 Webster]
clawlikeadj.having a base shaped like a claw; -- of flower petals. WordNet 1.5]
claxonn.a kind of loud horn formerly used on motor vehicles. Syn. -- klaxon. WordNet 1.5]
claxonv.to sound loudly; -- of car horns. Syn. -- honk, blare, beep, toot, klaxon. WordNet 1.5]
2.to use the horn of a car. Syn. -- honk. WordNet 1.5]
Clay(kl, n.[AS. cl\'d6g; akin to LG. klei, D. klei, and perh. to AS. cl\'bem clay, L. glus, gluten glue, Gr. gloio`s glutinous substance, E. glue. Cf. Clog.]1.A soft earth, which is plastic, or may be molded with the hands, consisting of hydrous silicate of aluminium. It is the result of the wearing down and decomposition, in part, of rocks containing aluminous minerals, as granite. Lime, magnesia, oxide of iron, and other ingredients, are often present as impurities. 1913 Webster]
2.(Poetry & Script.)Earth in general, as representing the elementary particles of the human body; hence, the human body as formed from such particles. 1913 Webster]
I also am formed out of the clay.Job xxxiii. 6. 1913 Webster]
The earth is covered thick with other clay, clay shall cover.Byron. 1913 Webster]
Bowlder clay. See under Bowlder. --
Brick clay, the common clay, containing some iron, and therefore turning red when burned. --
Clay cold, cold as clay or earth; lifeless; inanimate. --
Clay ironstone, an ore of iron consisting of the oxide or carbonate of iron mixed with clay or sand. --
Clay marl, a whitish, smooth, chalky clay. --
Clay mill, a mill for mixing and tempering clay; a pug mill. --
Clayes(kl, n. pl.[F. claie hurdle.](Fort.)Wattles, or hurdles, made with stakes interwoven with osiers, to cover lodgments. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Clay"ey(?), a.Consisting of clay; abounding with clay; partaking of clay; like clay. 1913 Webster]
Clay"ish, a.Partaking of the nature of clay, or containing particles of it. 1913 Webster]
Clay"more`(kl, n.[Gael. claidheamhmor a broadsword; Gael. claidheamh sword + mor great, large. Cf. Glaymore.]A large two-handed sword used formerly by the Scottish Highlanders. 1913 Webster]
Clay"more mine`(kl, n.(Mil.)an antipersonnel land mine designed to produce a high-velocity spray of steel fragments in a relatively narrow fan-shaped cone, directed toward the enemy. They are usually detonated by an electrical remote control. PJC]
\'d8Clay*to"ni*a(?), prop. n.[Named after Dr. John Clayton, an American botanist.](Bot.)An American genus of perennial herbs with delicate blossoms; -- sometimes called spring beauty. 1913 Webster]
clay"ware`n.Objects made from clay and baked in a kiln. Syn. -- pottery. WordNet 1.5]
Clead"ing(?), n.[Scot., clothing. See Cloth.] 1913 Webster]
1.A jacket or outer covering of wood, etc., to prevent radiation of heat, as from the boiler, cylinder. etc., of a steam engine. 1913 Webster]
2.The planking or boarding of a shaft, cofferdam, etc. 1913 Webster]
Clean(kl, a.[Compar.Cleaner(kl; superl.Cleanest.][OE. clene, AS. cl; akin to OHG. chleini pure, neat, graceful, small, G. klein small, and perh. to W. glan clean, pure, bright; all perh. from a primitive, meaning bright, shining. Cf. Glair.]1.Free from dirt or filth; as, clean clothes. 1913 Webster]
2.Free from that which is useless or injurious; without defects; as, clean land; clean timber. 1913 Webster]
3.Free from awkwardness; not bungling; adroit; dexterous; as, a clean trick; a clean leap over a fence. 1913 Webster]
4.Free from errors and vulgarisms; as, a clean style. 1913 Webster]
5.Free from restraint or neglect; complete; entire. 1913 Webster]
When ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not make clean riddance of corners of thy field.Lev. xxiii. 22. 1913 Webster]
6.Free from moral defilement; sinless; pure. 1913 Webster]
Create in me a clean heart, O God.Ps. li. 10 1913 Webster]
That I am whole, and clean, and meet for HeavenTennyson. 1913 Webster]
7.(Script.)Free from ceremonial defilement. 1913 Webster]
8.Free from that which is corrupting to the morals; pure in tone; healthy. \'bdLothair is clean.\'b8 F. Harrison. 1913 Webster]
All the people were passed clean over Jordan.Josh. iii. 17. 1913 Webster]
2.Without miscarriage; not bunglingly; dexterously. [Obs.] \'bdPope came off clean with Homer.\'b8 Henley. 1913 Webster]
Clean(kl, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Cleaned(kl; p. pr. & vb. n.Cleaning.][See Clean, a., and cf. Cleanse.]To render clean; to free from whatever is foul, offensive, or extraneous; to purify; to cleanse. 1913 Webster]
To clean out, to exhaust; to empty; to get away from (one) all his money. [Colloq.] De Quincey. 1913 Webster]
Clean"-cut`(kl, a.See Clear-cut. 1913 Webster]
Clean"er(?), n.One who, or that which, cleans. 1913 Webster]
cleanersn.a shop where dry cleaning is done. Syn. -- dry cleaners, laundry, laundry shop. WordNet 1.5]
Clean"ing, n.1.The act of making clean. 1913 Webster]
2.The afterbirth of cows, ewes, etc.Gardner. 1913 Webster]
Clean"li*ly(?), adv.In a cleanly manner. 1913 Webster]
Clean"-limbed`(?), a.With well-proportioned, unblemished limbs; as, a clean-limbed young fellow.Dickens. 1913 Webster]
Clean"li*ness(kl, n.[From Cleanly.]State of being cleanly; neatness of person or dress. 1913 Webster]
Cleanliness from head to heel.Swift. 1913 Webster]
clean-livingadj.living in a manner above moral reproach; especially, abstaining from unlawful sexual intercourse and excessive drunkenness. Syn. -- chaste. WordNet 1.5 +PJC]
Through his fine handling and his cleanly play.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Clean"ly(?), adv.1.In a clean manner; neatly. 1913 Webster]
He was very cleanly dressed.Dickens. 1913 Webster]
2.Innocently; without stain.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.Adroitly; dexterously.Middleton. 1913 Webster]
Clean"ness, n.[AS. cl. See Clean.]1.The state or quality of being clean. 1913 Webster]
2.Purity of life or language; freedom from licentious courses.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Cleans"a*ble(kl, a.Capable of being cleansed.Sherwood. 1913 Webster]
Cleanse(kl, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Cleansed(kl; p. pr. & vb. n.Cleansing.][AS. cl\'d6nsian, fr. cl\'d6ne clean. See Clean.]To render clean; to free from fith, pollution, infection, guilt, etc.; to clean. 1913 Webster]
If we walk in the light . . . the blood of Jesus Christ his son cleanseth us from all sin.1 John i. 7. 1913 Webster]
Can'st thou not minister to a mind diseased, Cleanse the suffed bosom of that perilous stuff Shak. 1913 Webster]
cleansed(kl, adj.having been made clean. Opposite of dirty.clean Syn. -- cleaned, scrubbed. WordNet 1.5]
Cleans"er(kl, n.[AS. cl.]One who, or that which, cleanses; especially, a detergent or other preparation used for cleaning.Arbuthnot. Syn. -- cleansing agent, cleaner. 1913 Webster]
clean-shavenadj.having the surface shaved to smoothness. Syn. -- smooth-shaven, well-shaven. WordNet 1.5]
Clear(kl, n.(Carp.)Full extent; distance between extreme limits; especially; the distance between the nearest surfaces of two bodies, or the space between walls; as, a room ten feet square in the clear. 1913 Webster]
Clear, adv.1.In a clear manner; plainly. 1913 Webster]
Now clear I understand Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.Without limitation; wholly; quite; entirely; as, to cut a piece clear off. 1913 Webster]
Clear, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Cleared(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Clearing.]1.To render bright, transparent, or undimmed; to free from clouds. 1913 Webster]
He sweeps the skies and clears the cloudy north.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.To free from impurities; to clarify; to cleanse. 1913 Webster]
3.To free from obscurity or ambiguity; to relive of perplexity; to make perspicuous. 1913 Webster]
Many knotty points there are clear.Prior. 1913 Webster]
4.To render more quick or acute, as the understanding; to make perspicacious. 1913 Webster]
Our common prints would clear up their understandings.Addison 1913 Webster]
5.To free from impediment or incumbrance, from defilement, or from anything injurious, useless, or offensive; as, to clear land of trees or brushwood, or from stones; to clear the sight or the voice; to clear one's self from debt; -- often used with of, off, away, or out. 1913 Webster]
Clear your mind of cant.Dr. Johnson. 1913 Webster]
A statue lies hid in a block of marble; and the art of the statuary only clears away the superfluous matter.Addison. 1913 Webster]
6.To free from the imputation of guilt; to justify, vindicate, or acquit; -- often used with from before the thing imputed. 1913 Webster]
I . . . am sure he will clear me from partiality.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
7.To leap or pass by, or over, without touching or failure; as, to clear a hedge; to clear a reef. 1913 Webster]
8.To gain without deduction; to net. 1913 Webster]
The profit which she cleared on the cargo.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
To clear a ship at the customhouse, to exhibit the documents required by law, give bonds, or perform other acts requisite, and procure a permission to sail, and such papers as the law requires. --
To clear a ship for action, or
To clear for action(Naut.), to remove incumbrances from the decks, and prepare for an engagement. --
To clear the land(Naut.), to gain such a distance from shore as to have sea room, and be out of danger from the land. --
To clear hawse(Naut.), to disentangle the cables when twisted. --
To clear up, to explain; to dispel, as doubts, cares or fears. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 264 -->
Clear(kl, v. i.1.To become free from clouds or fog; to become fair; -- of the weather; -- often followed by up, off, or away. 1913 Webster]
So foul a sky clears not without a storm.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Advise him to stay till the weather clears up.Swift. 1913 Webster]
2.To become free from turbidity; -- of solutions or suspensions of liquids; as, the salt has not completely dissolved until the suspension clears up; when refrigerated, the juice may become cloudy, but when warmed to room temperature, it clears up again. PJC]
3.To disengage one's self from incumbrances, distress, or entanglements; to become free. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
He that clears at once will relapse; for finding himself out of straits, he will revert to his customs; but he that cleareth by degrees induceth a habit of frugality.Bacon.
<-- ?? sic. why 2 forms of 3rd p. sing. in the same sentence? --> 1913 Webster]
3.(Banking)To make exchanges of checks and bills, and settle balances, as is done in a clearing house. 1913 Webster]
4.To obtain a clearance; as, the steamer cleared for Liverpool to-day. 1913 Webster]
To clear out, to go or run away; to depart. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
Clear"age(kl, n.The act of removing anything; clearance. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Clear"ance(kl, n.1.The act of clearing; as, to make a thorough clearance. 1913 Webster]
2.A certificate that a ship or vessel has been cleared at the customhouse; permission to sail. 1913 Webster]
Every ship was subject to seizure for want of stamped clearances.Durke 1913 Webster]
3.Clear or net profit.Trollope. 1913 Webster]
4.(Mach.)The distance by which one object clears another, as the distance between the piston and cylinder head at the end of a stroke in a steam engine, or the least distance between the point of a cogwheel tooth and the bottom of a space between teeth of a wheel with which it engages. 1913 Webster]
Clearance space(Steam engine), the space inclosed in one end of the cylinder, between the valve or valves and the piston, at the beginning of a stroke; waste room. It includes the space caused by the piston's clearance and the space in ports, passageways, etc. Its volume is often expressed as a certain proportion of the volume swept by the piston in a single stroke. 1913 Webster]
Clear"cole`(?), n.[F. claire colle clear glue; clair clear (f. claire) + colle glue, Gr. A priming of size mixed with whiting or white lead, used in house painting, etc.; also, a size upon which gold leaf is applied in gilding. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Clear"cole`, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Clearcoled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Clearcoling(?).]To coat or paint with clearcole. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Clear"-cut`(?), a.1.Having a sharp, distinct outline, like that of a cameo. 1913 Webster]
She has . . . a cold and clear-cut face.Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
2.Concisely and distinctly expressed. 1913 Webster]
3.Distinct and unambiguous; unquestionable; as, a clear-cut advantage. 1913 Webster]
Clear"-cut`, v. t.To cut (a region of forest) clear of all trees. It is a method used for efficiently logging a portion of forest, but often has undesirable effects on the environment. PJC]
Clear"ed*ness(?), n.The quality of being cleared. 1913 Webster]
Imputed by his friends to the clearedness, by his foes to the searedness, of his conscience.T. Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Clear"er(?), n.1.One who, or that which, clears. 1913 Webster]
Gold is a wonderful clearer of the understanding.Addison. 1913 Webster]
2.(Naut.)A tool of which the hemp for lines and twines, used by sailmakers, is finished. 1913 Webster]
Clear"-head`ed(kl, a.Having a clear understanding; quick of perception; intelligent. \'bdHe was laborious and clear-headed.\'b8 Macaulay.
-- Clear"-head`ed*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Clear"ing, n.1.The act or process of making clear. 1913 Webster]
The better clearing of this point.South. 1913 Webster]
2.A tract of land cleared of wood for cultivation. 1913 Webster]
A lonely clearing on the shores of Moxie Lake.J. Burroughs. 1913 Webster]
3.A method adopted by banks and bankers for making an exchange of checks held by each against the others, and settling differences of accounts. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
4.The gross amount of the balances adjusted in the clearing house. 1913 Webster]
Clearing house, the establishment where the business of clearing is carried on. See above, 3. 1913 Webster]
Clear"ly, adv.In a clear manner. 1913 Webster]
Clear"ness, n.The quality or state of being clear.
Syn. -- Clearness, Perspicuity.Clearness has reference to our ideas, and springs from a distinct conception of the subject under consideration. Perspicuity has reference to the mode of expressing our ideas and belongs essentially to style. Hence we speak of a writer as having clear ideas, a clear arrangement, and perspicuous phraseology. We do at times speak of a person's having great clearness of style; but in such cases we are usually thinking of the clearness of his ideas as manifested in language. \'bdWhenever men think clearly, and are thoroughly interested, they express themselves with perspicuity and force.\'b8Robertson. 1913 Webster]
Clear"-see`ing(kl, a.Having a clear physical or mental vision; having a clear understanding. 1913 Webster]
Clear"starch`(kl, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Clearstarched(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Clearstraching.]To stiffen with starch, and then make clear by clapping with the hands; as, to clearstarch muslin. 1913 Webster]
Clear"starch`er(kl, n.One who clearstarches. 1913 Webster]
{ Clear"sto`ry(kl, Clere"sto`ry, }n.(Arch.)The upper story of the nave of a church, containing windows, and rising above the aisle roofs. 1913 Webster]
clear-thinkingadj.able to think clearly and accurately. WordNet 1.5]
Clear"wing`(kl, n.(Zo\'94l.)A lepidopterous insect with partially transparent wings, of the family \'92geriad\'91, of which the currant and peach-tree borers are examples. 1913 Webster]
1.(Carp.)A strip of wood or iron fastened on transversely to something in order to give strength, prevent warping, hold position, etc. 1913 Webster]
2.(Naut.)A device made of wood or metal, having two arms, around which turns may be taken with a line or rope so as to hold securely and yet be readily released. It is bolted by the middle to a deck or mast, etc., or it may be lashed to a rope. 1913 Webster]
Cleat, v. t.To strengthen with a cleat. 1913 Webster]
Cleav"a*ble(?), a.Capable of cleaving or being divided. 1913 Webster]
Cleav"age(?), n.1.The act of cleaving or splitting. 1913 Webster]
2.(Crystallog.)The quality possessed by many crystallized substances of splitting readily in one or more definite directions, in which the cohesive attraction is a minimum, affording more or less smooth surfaces; the direction of the dividing plane; a fragment obtained by cleaving, as of a diamond. See Parting. 1913 Webster]
3.(Geol.)Division into lamin\'91, like slate, with the lamination not necessarily parallel to the plane of deposition; -- usually produced by pressure. 1913 Webster]
Basal cleavage, cleavage parallel to the base of a crystal, or to the plane of the lateral axes. --
Cell cleavage(Biol.), multiplication of cells by fission. See Segmentation. --
Cubic cleavage, cleavage parallel to the faces of a cube. --
Diagonal cleavage, cleavage parallel to ta diagonal plane. --
Egg clavage. (Biol.)See Segmentation. --
Lateral cleavage, cleavage parallel to the lateral planes. --
Octahedral cleavage,
Dodecahedral cleavage, or
Rhombohedral cleavage, cleavage parallel to the faces of an octahedron, dodecahedron, or rhombohedron. --
Prismatic cleavage, cleavage parallel to a vertical prism. 1913 Webster]
Cleave(kl, v. i.[imp.Cleaved(kl, Clave (kl, Obs.); p. p.Cleaved; p. pr. & vb. n.Cleaving.][OE. cleovien, clivien, cliven, AS. cleofian, clifian; akin to OS. klib\'d3n, G. kleben, LG. kliven, D. kleven, Dan. kl\'91be, Sw. klibba, and also to G. kleiben to cleve, paste, Icel. kl\'c6fa to climb. Cf. Climb.]1.To adhere closely; to stick; to hold fast; to cling. 1913 Webster]
My bones cleave to my skin.Ps. cii. 5. 1913 Webster]
The diseases of Egypt . . . shall cleave unto thee.Deut. xxviii. 60. 1913 Webster]
Sophistry cleaves close to and protects Cowper. 1913 Webster]
2.To unite or be united closely in interest or affection; to adhere with strong attachment. 1913 Webster]
Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife.Gen. ii. 24. 1913 Webster]
Cleave unto the Lord your God.Josh. xxiii. 8. 1913 Webster]
3.To fit; to be adapted; to assimilate. [Poetic.] 1913 Webster]
New honors come upon him, cleave not to their mold Shak. 1913 Webster]
Cleave(kl, v. t.[imp.Cleft(kl, Clave (kl, Obs.), Clove (kl, Obsolescent); p. p.Cleft, Cleaved(kl or Cloven(kl; p. pr. & vb. n.Cleaving.][OE. cleoven, cleven, AS. cle\'a2fan; akin to OS. klioban, D. klooven, G. klieben, Icel. klj\'d4fa, Sw. klyfva, Dan. kl\'94ve and prob. to Gr. gly`fein to carve, L. glubere to peel. Cf. Cleft.]1.To part or divide by force; to split or rive; to cut. 1913 Webster]
O Hamlet, thou hast cleft my heart in twain.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To part or open naturally; to divide. 1913 Webster]
Every beast that parteth the hoof, and cleaveth the cleft into two claws.Deut. xiv. 6. 1913 Webster]
Cleave, v. i.To part; to open; to crack; to separate; as parts of bodies; as, the ground cleaves by frost. 1913 Webster]
The Mount of Olives shall cleave in the midst.Zech. xiv. 4. 1913 Webster]
Cleave"land*ite(?), n.[From Professor Parker Cleaveland.](Min.)A variety of albite, white and lamellar in structure. 1913 Webster]
Cleav"er(?), n.One who cleaves, or that which cleaves; especially, a butcher's instrument for cutting animal bodies into joints or pieces. 1913 Webster]
Cleav"ers(?), n.[From Cleave to stick.](Bot.)A species of Galium (Galium Aparine), having a fruit set with hooked bristles, which adhere to whatever they come in contact with; -- called also, goose grass, catchweed, etc. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Cl\'82`ch\'82"(?), a.[F. cl\'82ch\'82.](Her.)Charged with another bearing of the same figure, and of the color of the field, so large that only a narrow border of the first bearing remains visible; -- said of any heraldic bearing. Compare Voided. 1913 Webster]
Cle"chy(?), a.See Cl\'82ch\'82. 1913 Webster]
Cledge(?), n.[Cf. Clay.](Mining.)The upper stratum of fuller's earth. 1913 Webster]
Cledg"y(?), a.Stiff, stubborn, clayey, or tenacious; as, a cledgy soil.Halliwell. 1913 Webster]
Clee(kl, n.A claw. [Obs.] Holland. 1913 Webster]
Clee, n.(Zo\'94l.)The redshank. 1913 Webster]
Cleek(kl, n.1.A large hook or crook, as for a pot over a fire; specif., an iron-headed golf club with a straight, narrow face and a long shaft. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.Act of cleeking; a clutch. [Scot.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Cleek, v. t.[pret.Claught(?); pret. & p. p.Cleeked(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Cleeking.][ME. cleken, clechen, to seize, clutch; perh. akin to E. clutch.] [Scot & Dial. Eng.] 1.To seize; clutch; snatch; catch; pluck. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.To catch or draw out with a cleek, as a fish; to hook. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
3.To hook or link (together); hence, to marry.Scott. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Clef(kl, n.[F. clef key, a key in music, fr. L. clavis key. See Clavicle.](Mus.)A character used in musical notation to determine the position and pitch of the scale as represented on the staff. 1913 Webster]
clefs are three in number, called the C, F, and G clefs, and are probably corruptions or modifications of these letters. They indicate that the letters of absolute pitch belonging to the lines upon which they are placed, are respectively C, F, and G. The F or bass clef, and the G or treble clef, are fixed in their positions upon the staff. The C clef may have three positions. It may be placed upon the first or lower line of the staff, in which case it is called soprano clef, upon the third line, in which case it called alto clef, or upon the fourth line, in which case tenor clef. It rarely or never is placed upon the second line, except in ancient music. See other forms of C clef under C, 2. 1913 Webster]
Alto clef,
Bass clef. See under Alto, Bass. 1913 Webster]
Cleft(kl, imp. & p. p. from Cleave. 1913 Webster]
Cleft, a.1.Divided; split; partly divided or split. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)Incised nearly to the midrib; as, a cleft leaf. 1913 Webster]
Cleft, n.[OE. clift; cf. Sw. klyft cave, den, Icel. kluft cleft, Dan. kl\'94ft, G. kluft. See Cleave to split and cf. 2d Clift, 1st Clough.]1.A space or opening made by splitting; a crack; a crevice; as, the cleft of a rock.Is. ii. 21. 1913 Webster]
2.A piece made by splitting; as, a cleft of wood. 1913 Webster]
3.(Far.)A disease in horses; a crack on the band of the pastern. 1913 Webster]
Cleft"-foot`ed(?), a.Having a cloven foot. 1913 Webster]
Cleft"graft`(?), v. t.To ingraft by cleaving the stock and inserting a scion.Mortimer. 1913 Webster]
Cleg(?), n.[Northern Eng. & Scot. gleg: cf. Gael. crethleag.](Zo\'94l.)A small breeze or horsefly. [North of Eng. & Scot.] Jamieson. 1913 Webster]
cleistocarpn.the closed spore-bearing structure of some fungi (especially Aspergillaceae and Eurysiphaceae) from which spores are released only by decay or disintegration; -- called also cleistothecium. Syn. -- cleistothecium. WordNet 1.5]
{ Cleis`to*gam"ic(?), Cleis*tog"a*mous(?) }a.[Gr. ga`mos marriage.](Bot.)Having, beside the usual flowers, other minute, closed flowers, without petals or with minute petals; -- said of certain species of plants which possess flowers of two or more kinds, the closed ones being so constituted as to insure self-fertilization.Darwin. 1913 Webster]
cleistotheciumn.the closed spore-bearing structure of some fungi (especially Aspergillaceae and Eurysiphaceae) from which spores are released only by decay or disintegration; -- called also cleistocarp. Syn. -- cleistocarp. WordNet 1.5]
Clem(kl, v. t. & i.[Cf. clam to clog, or G. klemmen to pinch, Icel. kl\'94mbra, E. clamp.]To starve; to famish. [Obs.] B. Jonson. 1913 Webster]
Clem"a*tis(kl, n.[NL., fr. Gr. klhmati`s brushwood, also (from its long, lithe branches) clematis. fr. klh^ma twig, shoot, fr. kla^n to break off.](Bot.)A genus of flowering plants, of many species, mostly climbers, having feathery styles, which greatly enlarge in the fruit; -- called also virgin's bower. 1913 Webster]
Clem"en*cy(?), n.; pl.Clemencies(#).[L. clementia, fr. clemens mild, calm.]1.Disposition to forgive and spare, as offenders; mildness of temper; gentleness; tenderness; mercy. 1913 Webster]
Great clemency and tender zeal toward their subjects.Stowe. 1913 Webster]
They had applied for the royal clemency.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
2.Mildness or softness of the elements; as, the clemency of the season.
Clem"ent(?), a.[L. clemens; -entis; cf. F. cl.]Mild in temper and disposition; merciful; compassionate.Shak.
-- Clem"ent*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Clem"ent*ine(?), a.Of or pertaining to Clement, esp. to St. Clement of Rome and the spurious homilies attributed to him, or to Pope Clement V. and his compilations of canon law. 1913 Webster]
Cleopatran.a queen of Egypt; b. 69 b. c., d. 30 b. c. WordNet 1.5]
Cle`o*pa"tra's nee"dle(?). [So named after Cleopatra, queen of Egypt.]Either of two obelisks which were moved in ancient times from Heliopolis to Alexandria, one of which is now on the Thames Embankment in London, and the other in Central Park, in the City of New York.
Cleopatra's needle. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Clench(?), n. & v. t.See Clinch. 1913 Webster]
Clepe(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Cleped(?)(#); p. pr. & vb. n.Cleping. Cf. Ycleped.][AS. clepan, cleopian, clipian, clypian, to cry, call.]To call, or name. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
That other son was cleped Cambalo.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Clepe, v. i.To make appeal; to cry out. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Wandering in woe, and to the heavens on high Cleping for vengeance of this treachery.Mir. for Mag. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Clep"si*ne(?), n.(Zo\'94l.)A genus of fresh-water leeches, furnished with a proboscis. They feed upon mollusks and worms. 1913 Webster]
Clep"sy*dra(?; 277), n.[L. from Gr. A water clock; a contrivance for measuring time by the graduated flow of a liquid, as of water, through a small aperture. See Illust. in Appendix. 1913 Webster]
Cler"gi*cal(?), a.Of or pertaining to the clergy; clerical; clerkily; learned. [Obs.] Milton. 1913 Webster]
Cler"gy(?), n.[OE. clergie, clergi, clerge, OF. clergie, F. clergie (fr. clerc clerc, fr. L. clericus priest) confused with OF. clergi\'82, F. clerg\'82, fr. LL. clericatus office of priest, monastic life, fr. L. clericus priest, LL. scholar, clerc. Both the Old French words meant clergy, in sense 1, the former having also sense 2. See Clerk.] 1913 Webster]
1.The body of men set apart, by due ordination, to the service of God, in the Christian church, in distinction from the laity; in England, usually restricted to the ministers of the Established Church.Hooker. 1913 Webster]
2.Learning; also, a learned profession. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Sophictry . . . rhetoric, and other cleargy.Guy of Warwick. 1913 Webster]
Put their second sons to learn some clergy.State Papers (1515). 1913 Webster]
3.The privilege or benefit of clergy. 1913 Webster]
If convicted of a clergyable felony, he is entitled equally to his clergy after as before conviction.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
Benefit of clergy(Eng., Law), the exemption of the persons of clergymen from criminal process before a secular judge -- a privilege which was extended to all who could read, such persons being, in the eye of the law, clerici, or clerks. This privilege was abridged and modified by various statutes, and finally abolished in the reign of George IV. (1827). --
Regular clergy,
Secular clergySee Regular, n., and Secular, a. 1913 Webster]
Cler"gy*a*ble(?), a.Entitled to, or admitting, the benefit of clergy; as, a clergyable felony.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
Cler"gy*man(?), n.; pl.Clergymen(#).An ordained minister; a man regularly authorized to preach the gospel, and administer its ordinances; in England usually restricted to a minister of the Established Church. 1913 Webster]
Cler"ic(?), n.[AS., fr. L. clericus. See Clerk.]A clerk, a clergyman. [R.] Bp. Horsley. 1913 Webster]
Cler"ic(?), a.Same as Clerical. 1913 Webster]
Cler"ic*al(?), a.[LL. clericalis. SeeClerk.]1.Of or pertaining to the clergy; suitable for the clergy. \'bdA clerical education.\'b8 Burke. 1913 Webster]
2.Of or relating to a clerk or copyist, or to writing. \'bdClerical work.\'b8 E. Everett. 1913 Webster]
3.characteristic of the work performed by a clerk, secretary, or copyist, or suitable to be performed by a clerk. \'bdClerical staff.\'b8 PJC]
A clerical error, an error made in copying or writing. 1913 Webster]
Cler"ic*al*ism(?), n.An excessive devotion to the interests of the sacerdotal order; undue influence of the clergy; sacerdotalism. 1913 Webster]
cler"ic*als(?), n. pl.garments worn by the clergy. [informal] PJC]
Cler*ic"i*ty(?), n.The state of being a clergyman. 1913 Webster]
Cleridaen.a natural family of beetles that prey on other insects. Syn. -- family Cleridae. WordNet 1.5]
clerihewn.a witty satiric verse containing two rhymed couplets and mentioning a famous person. WordNet 1.5]
Cler"i*sy(?), n.[LL. clericia. See Clergy.]1.The literati, or well educated class. 1913 Webster]
2.The clergy, or their opinions, as opposed to the laity. 1913 Webster]
Clerk(kl, n.[Either OF. clerc, fr. L. clericus a priest, or AS. clerc, cleric, clerk, priest, fr. L. clericus, fr. Gr. klhriko`s belonging to the clergy, fr. klh^ros lot, allotment, clergy; cf. Deut. xviii. 2. Cf. Clergy.]1.A clergyman or ecclesiastic. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
All persons were styled clerks that served in the church of Christ.Ayliffe. 1913 Webster]
2.A man who could read; a scholar; a learned person; a man of letters. [Obs.] \'bdEvery one that could read . . . being accounted a clerk.\'b8 Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
He was no great clerk, but he was perfectly well versed in the interests of Europe.Burke. 1913 Webster]
3.A parish officer, being a layman who leads in reading the responses of the Episcopal church service, and otherwise assists in it. [Eng.] Hook. 1913 Webster]
And like unlettered clerk still cry \'bdAmen\'b8.Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.One employed to keep records or accounts; a scribe; an accountant; as, the clerk of a court; a town clerk. 1913 Webster]
The clerk of the crown . . . withdrew the bill.Strype. 1913 Webster]
clerk is synonymous with secretary. A clerk is always an officer subordinate to a higher officer, board, corporation, or person; whereas a secretary may be either a subordinate or the head of an office or department. 1913 Webster]
5.An assistant in a shop or store. [U. S.] 1913 Webster]
Clerk"-ale`(? in Eng. , n.A feast for the benefit of the parish clerk. [Eng.] T. Warton. 1913 Webster]
Clerk"less, a.Unlearned. [Obs.] E. Waterhouse. 1913 Webster]
Clev"er(?), a.[Origin uncertain. Cf. OE. cliver eager, AS. clyfer (in comp.) cloven; or clifer a claw, perh. connected with E. cleave to divide, split, the meaning of E. clever perh. coming from the idea of grasping, seizing (with the mind).]1.Possessing quickness of intellect, skill, dexterity, talent, or adroitness; expert. 1913 Webster]
Though there were many clever men in England during the latter half of the seventeenth century, there were only two great creative minds.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Be good, sweet maid, and let who will be clever.C. Kingsley. 1913 Webster]
2.Showing skill or adroitness in the doer or former; as, a clever speech; a clever trick</